对广东省环境污染成因的理论研究

经济发展导致了环境污染,而监测部门的统计数据是从不同方面对环境状况的反映,这不可避免带来了信息重叠、多指标难以进行比较分析的困难。本文应用主成分分析法及聚类分析法,根据广东省空气污染和治理方面等实际情况作了一定的简化、分析及研究,并给出了相应的解决方案与对策。     

废旧电池的污染与回收利用的研究

废电池中的重金属威胁着人类健康和生存环境.本文介绍了电池的种类和组成,对废旧电池中金属可回收价值进行讨论,并对其回收方法进行研究.     

产权制度变革与污染权的优化配置

产权的作用机制在于产权制度使财产所有者有动力关心财产的使用和增值,使所有者的努力程度与财产收益正相关。对于不断发生“公共物悲剧”现象,应科学界定环境污染的初始产权,完善环境污染权的交易制度,以实现资源的优化配置。     

An empirical analysis of air pollution emissions policy for the U.K. residential sector

In this paper an analysis of the U.K. government's air pollution emissions policy for the residential sector is undertaken. The analysis covers emissions arising from water and space heating, electric appliances and cooking appliances. Using an integrated economic-engineering model, the effects of the Energy Savings Trust and the imposition of Value Added Tax on residential fuel will be evaluated in terms of energy consumption and pollution emissions. It is found that the initial proposed policy was not sufficiently stringent to meet the government's environmental objectives, and that subsequent events have undermined the government's programme even further. Unless alternative policies are introduced, emissions from the residential sector will play an important role in jeopardizing the ability of the U.K. government to meet its international obligations.     

液压系统的油液污染监测与控制

本文通过对油液污染问题的探讨,寻求对油液污染的控制措施,使得系统油液的污染度与重要液压元件的污染耐受度之间达到一定平衡,从而使元件的寿命和可靠性得以保证。着重分析了液压系统污染控制与系统监测问题,以期望能为维护液压系统正常工作提供一定的指导和借鉴作用。     

面源污染防治视角下农村土地经营方式选择的博弈分析

随着点源污染逐步得到有效控制和治理,农村面源污染上升为影响环境尤其是水环境的重要污染源。分析农业面源污染现状及成因,建立村集体与农户间土地生产方式博弈模型,博弈分析表明:农村面源污染受多方面因素影响,地方政府的监管对农民的经营方式选择有着重要影响;政府除了要加大对污染物末端的技术治理外,更应该重视源头控制,即由地方政府运用适当的治理政策对农户行为进行调节,从而将农户高消耗、高投入的传统经营方式转为更加注重环保的生态型经营方式。     

对重大环境污染事故罪的探讨

20世纪70年代以来，我国环保工作由于政府的重视而逐渐进入了法制的轨道，大量关于环境保护的法律法规相继出台；但目前仍存在大量的环境污染和环境破坏问题，这给社会经济发展和人民生命财产造成了严重危害。为了适应惩治环境犯罪的需要．重大环境污染事故罪作为新增罪名被写入97刑法中。目前法学界对该罪仍存争议，从犯罪构成要件入手对本罪主、客观要件作一些探讨具有现实意义。     

现代城市环境治理:美、德、日等国案例分析

美、德、日等发达国家在城市环境治理过程中,对空气污染、水污染、废弃物污染、噪声污染等采取了行政、经济、立法、技术与教育等措施,有效地控制了主要污染的肆意蔓延,从根本上改善了环境质量。发达国家城市环境治理的经验主要有：完善环境保护法律制度,保证治理措施的有效实施;健全环境管理体系,强化环境行政管理;注意推动自愿性行动来保护环境,积极推动公众参与环境治理;运用经济手段,制定激励奖惩措施,提高环境治理的效率;合理划分环境治理权限,建立权威性的管理机构;大量发展环境教育,通过民众环境保护意识,形成民族心理。这些经验及其教训留给人们诸多启示,值得中国学习与借鉴。     

On the Management of Prevention and Control of Water Pollution in China

In China, per capita water resource is hard up very much, and it has already become a very important restrictive factor to the economic growth, for over 20 years, the water quality of the river basins of our country has worsened continuously, further aggravated the pressure from water resource !o society and economic development. Though the party and government have done a large amount of work; and have made great achievements in prevention and control of water pollution, but as a whole, the severe situation of water pollution hasn＇t been changed radically, in some areas, it＇s being still aggravated. The appearance of this situation involves numerous causes of many aspects, such as the thought, technology, method and system, etc. The author maintains that we must strengthen the construction of legal system, and overcome the problem of soft management existing at pre sent, to enhance the dynamics of prevention and control of water pollution; simultaneously sets forth a concept： on the basis of green accounting, use the economic means, harden the interest restriction, strengthen the management of preventing and controlling of water pollution; hopes to offer a new way of thought for improving the water quality and environment.     

我国省以下财政分权对环境污染的影响

基于我国2003-2011年地级市的数据,文章采用联立方程模型,实证分析了省以下财政分权对地级市环境污染的影响。回归结果表明：从总体上看,省以下财政分权对地级市污染物的排放有正向影响,省以下分权程度的提高不利于污染物排放量的减少,不利于增加地方政府管制污染物排放的努力程度。研究还表明,由于各地区的经济发展水平不同,并且各种污染物的外溢效应不同,使得财政分权对污染物排放的影响程度存在显著差异。