全文获取类型
收费全文 | 60664篇 |
免费 | 1956篇 |
国内免费 | 1085篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 5322篇 |
工业经济 | 2475篇 |
计划管理 | 12082篇 |
经济学 | 10561篇 |
综合类 | 12121篇 |
运输经济 | 348篇 |
旅游经济 | 969篇 |
贸易经济 | 7877篇 |
农业经济 | 4122篇 |
经济概况 | 7826篇 |
信息产业经济 | 2篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 162篇 |
2023年 | 627篇 |
2022年 | 793篇 |
2021年 | 1158篇 |
2020年 | 1484篇 |
2019年 | 998篇 |
2018年 | 928篇 |
2017年 | 1048篇 |
2016年 | 1137篇 |
2015年 | 1445篇 |
2014年 | 3348篇 |
2013年 | 3958篇 |
2012年 | 4779篇 |
2011年 | 6232篇 |
2010年 | 4659篇 |
2009年 | 4178篇 |
2008年 | 4768篇 |
2007年 | 4565篇 |
2006年 | 4493篇 |
2005年 | 3329篇 |
2004年 | 2353篇 |
2003年 | 1944篇 |
2002年 | 1266篇 |
2001年 | 1126篇 |
2000年 | 745篇 |
1999年 | 372篇 |
1998年 | 190篇 |
1997年 | 197篇 |
1996年 | 149篇 |
1995年 | 85篇 |
1994年 | 67篇 |
1993年 | 76篇 |
1992年 | 55篇 |
1991年 | 40篇 |
1990年 | 39篇 |
1989年 | 30篇 |
1988年 | 20篇 |
1987年 | 12篇 |
1986年 | 12篇 |
1985年 | 174篇 |
1984年 | 192篇 |
1983年 | 137篇 |
1982年 | 99篇 |
1981年 | 56篇 |
1980年 | 73篇 |
1979年 | 45篇 |
1978年 | 36篇 |
1977年 | 23篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 506 毫秒
991.
论中国区域发展战略的三次转向 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
高萍 《中南财经政法大学学报》2006,3(1):9-12
《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十一个五年规划的建议》系统提出和阐述了区域协调发展的总体部署,标志着中国区域发展战略实现了第三次转向,即从局部区域优先发展战略转向区域协调发展战略。这次战略转向是建国以来区域发展战略理论与实践发展的必然结果,这一新战略具有以区域协调发展为战略目标,以区域协调机制的构建作为区域协调发展的战略重点等新的内涵。 相似文献
992.
Deepak K. Sinha 《Journal of Economics》1997,66(1):1-22
When all products in the economy are weak gross substitutes, preferences are homothetic, and firms face menu costs then all prices in an industry move together at the same rate. In the closed-loop Nash noncooperative equilibrium, all firms invest in productivity and reduce real prices. As a result, in the case of quadratic menu costs, the outputs of industries and the economy go up along S-shaped time paths characteristic of diffusion of innovations. 相似文献
993.
不同质量水平下的总质量成本研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
质量成本(COQ,Cost of Quality)是衡量提高质量活动的效果和效率的标准.COQ模型在质量成本研究中起着重要的作用.基于"6σ管理"中"持续改进"的思想和方法,用"kσ"作为质量水平(QL,Quality Level)的度量,笔者得到了不同质量水平下的动态总COQ模型.进而,还提供了不同质量水平下的总质量成本曲线. 相似文献
994.
What is the cost of off-site hazardous waste disposal? In addition to paying for disposal fees and shipments costs, generators of hazardous waste can potentially be held liable for the cost of cleanup if the waste disposal site contaminates the environment after closure or abandonment and thus falls under the federal or state Superfund legislation. This paper empirically examines the sensitivity of individual hazardous waste generators to these categories of costs, exploiting the variation across states in factors influencing disposal costs, and in the structure of the liability imposed on waste generators under certain circumstances by state laws. We fit nested logit models to predict the waste management method (incineration or landfill disposal) and the state of destination for shipments of halogenated solvent waste used for metal cleaning in manufacturing and reported in the Toxic Release Inventory in 1988–1990. Waste generators respond to transportation costs and to proxies for current disposal costs. Generators also find the concurrent presence of strict and joint-and-several liability a deterrent, but this deterrent effect does not vary with the wealth of the firm or the volume of the waste shipped. 相似文献
995.
Economic principles and fundamental model of the sustainable utilization of ecological resources 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Li Lin Du Jinpei Li Lin 《生态经济(英文版)》2006,2(4):395-403
1. Introduction The mainstream of present economy is the green eco-economy, including green products, green production, green consumption, green market, green industry, and so on. These are the concrete demands of sustainable development for economic life. With the development of economy, society and science and technology and the increase of the population, the abundant ecological resources become more and more scarce [1]. So the quantity and quality of eco- logical resources can’t increasin… 相似文献
996.
Summary. We consider an optimally managed renewable resource with stochastic non-concave growth function. We characterize the conditions under which the optimal policy leads to global extinction, global conservation and the existence of a safe standard of conservation. Our conditions are specified in terms of the economic and ecological primitives of the model: the biological growth function, the welfare function, the distribution of shocks and the discount rate. Our results indicate that, unlike deterministic models, extinction and conservation in stochastic models are not determined by a simple comparison of the growth rate and the discount rate; the welfare function plays an important role.Received: 20 October 2004, Revised: 28 February 2005, JEL Classification Numbers:
D90, O11, O41, Q32.Santanu Roy: Correspondence toResearch on this paper was completed when the second author visited Cornell University in July, 2003. We thank the Center for Analytic Economics and the Department of Economics at Cornell University for making this research visit possible. The current version has gained considerably from the comments made by an anonymous referee. 相似文献
997.
Oded Stark 《Journal of Evolutionary Economics》2004,14(1):37-42
We offer a game-theoretic proof of Hamiltons rule for the spread of altruism. For a simple case of siblings, we show that the rule can be derived as the outcome of a one-shot prisoners dilemma game between siblings.JEL Classification:
A13, C70, D64Correspondence to: Oded Stark, ZEF, University of Bonn, Walter-Flex-Strasse 3, 53113 Bonn, GermanyWe are indebted to an anonymous referee and to Uwe Cantner for helpful comments and suggestions. Partial financial support from the National Institute on Aging (grant RO1-AG13037) and from the Humboldt Foundation is gratefully acknowledged. 相似文献
998.
农地利用技术是一个多层次的体系,它能在扩大耕地面积、提高土地利用率和耕地质量等多方面发挥重要作用。通过对“市场机制自发作用下的技术选择”和“政府引导下的技术选择”两种现实模式的探讨,认为技术创新具有外部性,土地利用更是具有明显的“外溢效应”,加上我国农业比较利益偏低和农地使用权流转市场发育不全带来的农地价格扭曲,常造成市场机制下技术创新的方向与资源稀缺状况不相符合的现象,从而带来资源配置的低效率。因此,适当的政府引导是必要的,也是有效的。 相似文献
999.
Jointness in production and farmers' willingness to supply non-marketed ecosystem services 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper highlights how farmers' willingness to supply non-marketed ecosystem services (ES) is influenced by whether or not the non-marketed ES are produced jointly with agricultural products. When marketed products and non-marketed ES share some production inputs the production relationships between the two may be complementary, competitive or substitutive. Using a cost minimization framework, it is shown how complementary relationships lead to costless voluntary provision of non-marketed ES (typically the case for ES that are supportive of provisioning ES for marketed farm products). It is also shown how competitive production relationships lead to provision of non-marketed ES at lower cost than when non-marketed ES are direct substitutes for farm products or are produced outside of agriculture. The paper closes by showing how the minimum willingness to accept (WTA) payment for ES that are complementary/competitive is less than or equal to the minimum WTA for the same ES produced in substitute or independent production relationships. 相似文献
1000.
运用系统范式分析现代国家竞争力的构成因素,应当包括企业行为,产业环境,要素禀赋,国家政治、经济、文化、人口、科技、习俗,国际环境等。这些在国家、产业、企业发展中的不同阶段中具有不同作用,国家和企业应据此采取相应的措施,作为形成和提升国家竞争力的基本途径。 相似文献