Estimating cell frequencies under inequality constraints based on the Kullback–Leibler information

This article considers the problem of estimating the cell frequencies in a contingency table under inequality constraints. Algorithms are proposed for cell frequency estimation via minimizing the Kullback–Leibler distance subject to inequality constraints. The proposed algorithms are shown to be simple, easy to be used, fast, and reliable. Theorems are derived to guarantee the convergence of the algorithms. Applications and extensions of the algorithms are provided for more general problems than contingency table. The R programs that implement the proposed algorithms are presented in Appendix B.     

湖南武冈市垃圾填埋场生态修复及景观绿化

文章以武冈市垃圾填埋场为研究对象,通过对其生态修复及景观绿化的方法和过程进行系统性研究,对类似被破坏的土地的生态恢复和景观绿化起到一定的借鉴作用。     

基于投影寻踪分类技术的各地区吸纳就业能力综合评价

摘要：根据吸纳就业能力评价指标体系,针对我国2007—2010年31个省市21个指标的124组样本数据,采用投影寻踪分类技术对各地区吸纳就业能力进行综合评价、排序和分类研究。实证结果表明：广东吸纳就业能力最强,广东和江苏为第1类地区,山东、浙江和上海为第1I类地区,中西部绝大部分省市属于第1V或V类地区;2007—2010年期间,所有省市吸纳就业能力都是增强的,但省市之间存在较大差异;地区经济实力对吸纳就业能力影响最大,其次是投资水平;在21个指标中,货物进出口总额、地区GDP等权重大于0．2433的10个指标最重要,占总权重的71．5％,地区GDP增长率和第三产业GDP比重是逆向指标。实证结果与我国当前经济发展和吸纳就业情况是吻合的。     

A general weighted least squares approach for the projection of input–output tables

In the context of input–output analysis, it is often necessary to update a matrix for a date when only the sum of its columns and rows are known. This projection problem is quite similar to temporal disaggregation. I borrow from this literature a class of solutions for which the exact result can be implemented without iteration. These solutions minimize the adjustment made to the out-of-date matrix and as such can be said optimal according to a chosen criteria. The framework I expose is flexible enough to encompass many of the existing methods and develop new ones. I propose one of such methods to project a matrix between two given benchmarks. I exemplify the technique on 35 years of input–output tables for France and show in particular that the issue of negative cells can be avoided.     

基于灰色关联投影模型的长沙市土地利用多功能性评价

在分析了长沙市土地利用现状的基础上,从经济、生态和社会3个层面构建了土地利用多功能评价指标体系,采用灰色关联投影模型对其2007-2017年长沙市土地利用多功能性进行分析与评价。结果表明：①近11年来长沙市土地利用总功能波动上升,功能类型日趋完善和多元化,且各功能之间的协调性不断增强;②社会功能的提高程度高于经济和生态功能,且表现最为优异;③单项功能中除农业生产功能快速退化和维持生态平衡功能呈缓慢退化趋势以外,其他功能均有不同程度的提高。     

Evaluation of inequivalent projections of Hadamard matrices of order 24

Screening designs are useful for situations where a large number of factors (q) is examined but only few (k) of these are expected to be important. It is of practical interest for a given k to know all the inequivalent projections of the design into the k dimensions. In this paper we give all the (combinatorially) inequivalent projections of inequivalent Hadamard matrices of order 24 into k=3,4 and 5 dimensions, as well as their frequencies. Then, we sort these projections according to their generalized resolution, generalized aberration and centered L₂-discrepancy measure of uniformity. Then, we study the hidden projection properties of these designs as they are introduced by Wang and Wu (1995). The hidden projection property suggests that complex aliasing allows some interactions to be estimated without making additional runs.     

基于DEA方法的地市财政效益评价

首先运用DEA方法对安徽省十七个地市的财政收入和支出从有效性方面进行评价,然后计算出输入冗余和输出亏空,再对十七个地市的财政支出和收入进行了投影分析,通过指标分析和投影分析找出了非DEA有效地市的问题及今后的改进方向。     

基于文化传承的北京大运河景观规划研究

北京大运河纵贯千年，价值意义极其突出，是国脉肇始，是兴都之廊。新时代背景下，国家对于保护好、传承好、利用好这一伟大的世界文化遗产提出了更高的期望与要求，但是高水平、高标准的发展建设诉求与部分遗产资源被侵占破坏、滨河空间文化彰显不足等现状对比鲜明。从风景园林的专业视角提出“HSES”分析模式，基于历史文脉的总结梳理，通过历史演变的空间叠合、文化遗产的价值评估和沿线景点的调研分析的技术方法，在运河水系恢复、遗产保护利用、公园景点塑造、讲好运河故事等方面提出发展建议，在北京大运河的景观规划层面传承历史文化，弘扬运河文明。     

西部大开发中城市化发展的几个关键问题

实施西部大开发战略，缩小东西部差距，是我国现代化发展战略的重要组成部分。本文在分析了西部地区城市化的现状特征，针对其面临的问题，提出了未来城市化进程应该注意的几个关键性问题。笔者认为西部大开发其实就是西部的城市化，西部大开发战备的具体落实应该体现在城市之上。而西部大开发也应当以城市化为先导，以城市化作为实现西部地区经济和社会持续发展的重要手段，带动整个西部地区的经济发展。     

Projection justification of generalized minimum aberration for asymmetrical fractional factorial designs

Recently, Xu and Wu (2001) presented generalized minimum aberration criterion for comparing and selecting general fractional factorial designs. This criterion is defined using a set of _u(D) values, called J-characteristics by us. In this paper, we find a set of linear equations that relate the set of design points to that of J-characteristics, which implies that a factorial design is uniquely determined by its J-characteristics once the orthonormal contrasts are designated. Thereto, a projection justification of generalized minimum aberration is established. All of these conclusions generalize the results for two-level symmetrical factorial designs in Tang (2001).Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to the editor, the associate editor and the referees for their valuable comments. This paper is supported by NNSF of P.R.China grant No. 10171051. and RFDP grant No. 1999005512.