Experts’ perceptions of the sloping land conversion program in the Loess Plateau,China

China’s Sloping Land Conversion Program (SLCP) is the world’s largest payment for ecosystem services program for improving ecological conditions and farmers’ livelihood. Communicating the SLCP outcomes across diverse stakeholder groups in ecological, socio-economic, political and institutional contexts can facilitate the effective implementation of the new round of the SLCP. Experts from various fields involved in the SLCP have developed good connections with governments, agencies, and farmers; therefore they can play an invaluable role in informing urgent policy changes. This study is based upon 24 interviews with the SLCP experts with the aims of assessing their perceptions of ecological, economic, political and social impacts of the SLCP on the Loess Plateau of China, and then gathering their policy recommendations to ensure that the new round of the SLCP would be implemented efficiently. Content analysis based on the grounded theory is used in present study. Judging from expert-based consensual statements from this study’s interviews, the main concerns about the first round of the SLCP on the Loess Plateau are that the dramatic increase in the farmer’s income and livelihood is mainly from off-farm sources rather than the SLCP subsidy, that equitable government compensation is dependent on the outcome of the SLCP, that the aggressive SLCP causes soil drought which have negative effects on ecological restoration, and that the stakeholders’ interaction could be improved. Based on the analyses of the experts’ interviews, the recommendations are summarised as follows: strengthening the farmers’ environmental awareness and vocational skills, establishing multi-source financial supports and flexible compensation mechanisms, establishing participatory planning that requires stakeholder involvement especially farmers and insisting that scientific studies on the ecological restoration of the Loess Plateau must be shared with local governments and farmers.     

恢复性环境感知对中高龄游客幸福感的影响

基于福州国家森林公园调查数据,采用结构方程模型,将恢复体验与积极情绪作为中介变量,分析恢复性环境感知对参与森林旅游的中高龄游客幸福感的影响机制。结果表明:恢复性环境感知对恢复体验与积极情绪具有显著正向影响,但对幸福感的直接影响不显著;恢复体验在恢复性环境感知与幸福感之间起到完全中介作用,且能通过积极情绪对幸福感产生间接影响;积极情绪同样起到完全中介作用,但是其作用强度远小于恢复体验。因此,为了提高森林旅游对中高龄游客幸福感的积极效应,森林旅游地应强化恢复性环境的塑造,提高管理服务水平以促进森林旅游产品的有效供给,在满足中高龄游客健康恢复的基础上,强化其积极情感。     

旅游地投射形象与感知形象对比研究——以秦皇岛滨海长城形象为例

良好的旅游形象可以刺激旅游动机的产生,从而引发相应的旅游决策行为。因此做好旅游目的地旅游形象定位和设计具有重要意义。以秦皇岛为例,基于网络文本数据利用内容分析法分析秦皇岛目的地滨海长城旅游形象。研究发现,官方投射形象与游客感知形象均围绕长城形象构建,但关注核心与构建路径具有差异;官方投射形象所关注的维度依次为人文吸引物、服务与管理、旅游体验、旅游设施、自然吸引物;游客通过感知建构的滨海长城旅游形象的关注维度依次为人文吸引物、旅游体验、自然吸引物、旅游设施、服务与管理。基于此,应将长城与滨海、人文与自然多维融合,立体化塑造滨海长城目的地形象,加强形象宣传力度,提升游客旅游体验感。     

Impact mitigation or ecological restoration? Examining the environmental sustainability practices of multinational mining companies

This paper examines the environmental sustainability practices of multinational mining companies in addressing their impacts and promoting the sustainable development of local communities in Ghana. Although large-scale mining companies have embraced environmental sustainability, the drivers and the mechanisms for addressing their impacts throughout the mine life cycle is not fully understood because of the limited research in this area. The focus in this study involves an examination of the drivers for environmental sustainability in a weak and non-enabling institutional context and the mechanisms for addressing impacts on biodiversity, water quality and quantity, and ambient climate. The findings show that the environmental sustainability practices of multinational mining companies are determined by regulatory compliance and corporate environmental responsibility based on perceived ethical obligation. Additionally, we find gaps in mine closure planning and rehabilitation because of the limited requirement for biodiversity restoration in the domains of flora repopulation and active fauna reintroduction. This paper provides empirical and theoretical insights for academics and practitioners in industry and policymaking.     

Five scale challenges in Ecuadorian forest and landscape restoration governance

The forest and landscape restoration (FLR) targets set as part of the Bonn Challenge draw attention to the governance arrangements required to translate national FLR targets into local action. To achieve the targets, actors at multiple levels of the governance scale aim to influence relevant processes on the ecological scale. In this article, we focus on the scale challenges relating to the implementation of Ecuador’s restoration targets, by analysing the implementation of the 2014–2017 National Forest Restoration Plan in the montane Chocó Andino and Bosque Seco landscapes. From 54 semi-structured interviews, a document review, and geographical data analysis, we identified two temporal (i, ii) and three spatial scale challenges (iii, iv, v): i) Political cycles mismatch with FLR timelines; ii) Planning horizons mismatch with FLR timelines; iii) National restoration objectives mismatch with decentralised land use planning realities; iv) The governance level of existing FLR efforts mismatches with the level receiving restoration funds; and v) Tensions exist between the spatial dimensions of biodiversity and water-related restoration efforts. The findings highlight that more attention must be given to scale-sensitive governance to make the process in which national FLR targets are translated into local action more effective.     

基于底线预警的国土空间生态修复规划实施监督体系研究

国土空间生态修复是推进生态文明建设的重大举措,构建基于底线预警的国土空间生态修复规划实施监督体系是完善国土空间规划“一张图”信息系统的重要组成部分和政策支撑。通过对生态修复规划实施监督体系建设的研究,把握底线控制与监测预警机制,对接国土空间生态修复业务管理各项需求,搭建“五梯度四体系”的生态修复规划动态监测实施监督信息系统,构建以“七个一”为主要内容的生态修复规划底线预警监测评估机制,并与各层级国土空间规划“一张图”实施监督信息系统进行衔接,实现对生态修复规划实施的动态监测和预警。     

论品牌意识形态与品牌崇拜

在大众传播时代,品牌是社会身份与文化的象征。品牌的象征意义通过反复的传播诉求,被演绎和转换生成为社会观念、生活方式和心灵体验——"品牌意识形态"。它是消费者通过品牌进行自我精神投射的体验方式,是人类被隐藏的欲望被激活的呈现。在品牌意识形态中,人与世界构建了独特的精神对话方式,在失落的心灵空间里,寻找和确认自我存在的价值与意义。     

环境约束下转变我国外贸增长方式的机制与对策

中国对外贸易规模快速扩张的同时,主要出口行业的工业三废排放指标和主要出口口岸及地区的污染指标也随之上升,对资源和环境产生了负面影响。在当前资源环境约束下,对外贸易发展应该从环境输出走向环境修复,用循环经济理念指导生产经营,激励环境技术创新,实施战略性的环境措施和贸易措施,实现环境、贸易、可持续发展的三赢。     

Resettlement's impact on the domestic economy in lake restoration:case study of Poyang Lake region

The Chinese government started a lake restoration project in Poyang Lake region 10 years ago,and the expost monitor of the migrants' livelihoods was limited.This paper compares the composition difference of domestic income and domestic consumption between migration and non-migration villages in Poyang Lake region.The results show that the migrants' domestic income has increased in the last 10 years,which originated from the increasing trend of active and extensive rural labor migration,while the resettlement has not influenced the domestic income significantly.The resettlement stimulates younger farmers to work far away from home whose wages contribute nearly 80% of domestic income.The resettlement decreases their savings due to higher expenditure of daily life for those who work far away from home,and higher expenditure of food for those who stay at home,losing cultivated lands with irrigation system for vegetable.On the other hand,the increase of rural labor migration leads the migrants who stay at home to have access to more cultivated lands for rice and cotton,and the farmers also apply more fertilizer in the same cultivated land for more agriculture products.The resettlement makes most of migrants spend their savings on the improvement of their housing conditions due to not enough governmental financial support for new building.After the analysis,some factors that influence migrants' income and consumption are discussed.The paper may contribute to the building of Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone.     

高校基建修缮工程项目招标管理分析

从工程金额一般较小、工程种类繁多、工程量核算困难三方面阐述了高校基建修缮工程项目的特点,在此基础论述了引入招标机制的意义,对修缮工程招投标中出现的问题进行了分析和探究,并提出了增强相关人员素质,健全修缮工程管理制度;实行合理评标方法,贯彻落实招标程序;加大招标阶段的审查力度;建立健全的招标监督机制四方面相应的解决方法与对策。