浅析旅游业中的“零、负团费”现象

旅游"零、负团费"现象是现代旅游经济快速发展的特殊产物,极大地危害了旅行社及其工作人员、游客以及旅游目的地的利益,文章针对这些问题,从各个利益相关者的角度提出了相应的对策和建议。     

Build Coalitions to Fit: Autonomy Expectations,Competence Mobilization,and Job Crafting

Job crafting offers several beneficial organizational outcomes, yet little is known about what makes employees engage in it. In particular, the role of leaders in influencing their subordinates to engage in job crafting has been insufficiently studied. Drawing on role theory, we suggest that the congruence of leader‐subordinate autonomy expectations nurtures subordinates’ experiences of having their competences adequately utilized in their jobs. This experience, which involves the competence mobilization of their work roles, subsequently fosters subordinates’ engagement in job‐crafting behavior. A two‐stage field study of 145 leader‐subordinate dyads using cross‐level polynomial regression and response surface analysis supported the (in)congruence hypotheses. The results also demonstrated that subordinates’ perceived competence mobilization mediates the relationship between autonomy expectation (in)congruence and job crafting. In addition, leader coalition as a moderator strengthens the effect of perceived competence mobilization as a psychological condition for job crafting. Implications for practice and future research are discussed. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

发达国家反倾销贸易保护主义探源——基于经济理性角度的分析

发达国家的反倾销从本质上看具有贸易保护主义的性质.从经济学角度考察,只有针对掠夺性倾销的反倾销才是经济理性的和具有经济效率的;从经济理性角度考察发达国家反倾销目的演化的历程,发现发达国家的反倾销以保证"公平竞争"为名偏离了经济效率的轨道,而反倾销措施直接限制进口的结果使得反倾销必然成为发达国家不顾经济效率而体现其对产业保护关注的工具.     

用益损矩阵法对采购物流进行风险决策的优化研究

从定性及定量分析相结合的角度,采用益损矩阵预测分析法,对如何实现采购物流的最优化进行风险决策分析。通过建立采购物流风险决策模型,并列举实例进行量化分析,得到采购的损益期望值,通过选取最大期望值确定最优的采购方案。同时指出为更好的实现采购物流的优化管理应加强的几方面工作。     

制度改进的基本思维:演化动力和优化原则

新古典主义主要基于力量博弈解释制度变迁,但实际上促进制度变迁的因素有三类:一是社会力量结构的自发变动,二是社会力量结构的自觉变动,三是对制度本质的社会认知提高。其中,后两者都与认知有关,认知在非正式制度转化为正式制度中扮演着重要角色。同时,新古典主义主要基于效率原则设计社会制度,但实际上制度优化有两大原则:正义原则和效率原则。其中,正义原则是根本性的,制度的设立和完善必须体现不断深化的社会正义和应得权利。     

How do advertised brands benefit from private labels? An application of rational expectations models

Private labels have traditionally been viewed as a threat to advertised brands. Contrary to traditional wisdom, this study uses a two-asset rational expectations model to show that advertised brands could benefit from private labels. While the manufacturer’s advertising creates product differentiation, the retailer’s synchronous pricing strategy further enhances the product differentiation and raises profits as well as the efficiency of price discounts for the advertised brand. In addition, the existence of private labels improves the advertising efficiency, especially for newly introduced brands. The economic role of private labels is not limited to taking a free ride on the manufacturer’s advertising efforts, and this role cannot be replaced by another advertised brand.     

Rationality of inflation–output forecasts of MMS survey: international evidence

We analyse the individual rationality of inflation and output forecasts from Money Market Survey (MMS) for a group of G7 countries and EU under asymmetric univariate Linlin and Linex loss functions. We also test for joint rationality of inflation–output forecasts using the forecast rationality test under multivariate asymmetric loss functions proposed by Ulu (2013). Our results indicate that rationality is often rejected under symmetric loss, and results improve towards rationality when asymmetric loss functions are assumed. The assumption of multivariate asymmetric loss compared to univariate asymmetric loss provides further evidence towards rationality. We also analyse directional forecast accuracy of the inflation and output forecasts and find that the inflation–output forecasts of MMS are valuable when considered both jointly and separately.     

我国奢侈品消费现状分析

当今社会,我国的人均奢侈品消费额越来越高,奢侈品市场持续高速发展。通过对这一社会现象的产生原因的分析,以揭示现今社会中人们的消费观、价值观等及一些问题,探析我国政府在面对这些社会问题时所能发挥的作用。     

生态视域下的农村共同体的历史演进、破坏与再造

我国的农村共同体具有的生态性质是几千年生生不息的传承演变的结果,这是一种文化共同体形态,是在低水平物质新陈代谢基础上的与时代相适应的生态共同体.但这个共同体在今天市场经济条件下遭到极大破坏,并向个人的理性共同体转变,这造成了农村全面的生态性危机.立足于传统的文化共同体,发挥新型政治共同体的优势,有节制地利用市场机制,克服传统共同体的生态自发性、农村物质新陈代谢低水平、社会生态无意识、共同体的阶级化政治化倾向,就能再造新的农村生态共同体.     

预期对我国消费信贷的影响

预期是个人对未来经济发展情形的一种判断,它对我国消费信贷有着重要的影响。虽然我国近年来为了扩大内需,将消费信贷作为一项重要措施推出,但由于受居民预期因素的作用和影响而发展缓慢。因此,政府应从多方面制定政策以解决预期对我国消费信贷的干扰。