我国区域职业结构与经济社会发展的关联性分析

职业结构是就业结构的重要组成部分,反映一定社会经济条件下劳动力的职业配置状况,而不同的经济发展阶段的职业结构存在不同的特征。将职业结构定义为就业人口的职业分布,借助"六普"数据的分析总结我国现阶段各地区职业结构状况,可以看出:区域经济社会发展与区域就业人员的职业结构关系密切,各地区随着人均GDP的不断增高,其非农职业的就业人员所占比重有逐渐增高的趋势;区域经济社会发展指标对职业结构的影响差异较大。期望这些结论对各地政府的就业管理、职业管理工作和职业培训工作有一定的指导意义。     

Sandwich-Course Training in Higher Education as a Major Strategic Thrust Regional Policy of Professional Training： Lessons Learned From the Pioneering Example of the University Institute of Technology Corsica

Corsica is an island economy marked by the complete absence of any of the big holdings and multinationals that fuel and forge the worldwide economy. Equally absent is any of the kind of medium-sized enterprises servicing big business that have spearheaded local economies in other regions like Lombardy. Corsica＇s economic fabric is essentially made up of small and home businesses, farm smallholdings, artisans, and small-scale retail. Given how public-sector capital investment is already hypertrophied, a policy of investment in human capital could be a compelling new opportunity to trigger a dynamic regional development impetus. Leading the way, the University Institute of Technology Corsica, Corsica University＇s affiliated school of applied vocational technologies, is demonstrating its ability to act as a structurally engaged facilitator of island-wide spatial planning and regional branding. As a founding pillar in pioneering the emergence of a sandwich-course training system in higher education in Corsica, in 2010 the university made its entire training curriculum fully accessible to all through the signature of apprenticeship training or vocational qualifications agreements. This grass-roots programme is the outcome of a committed core strategy to develop partnerships with the island＇s key social and economic communities （businesses, community groups, and local authorities）, and it plays a fundamental role in shaping and selling the most vital valued assets that typify a regional territory emerging into a structured destination-brand identity （simultaneous growth in the employability and quality of school-to-work transition shown by its human capital, mass shift in the degree of skill acquisition directly tied to the regional territory＇s own organic needs, fluidity of knowledge transfer fully controlled through sandwich placements, deep sustainable entrepreneurship education etc.）. After highlighting the specific features of the sandwich training policy development process in Corsica as a shaper of the Regional Vocational Development Programme, this paper brings an analysis of the lessons learned from the pioneering example of the University Institute of Technology Corsica as a dynamic engineer of structured future and regional brand for Corsica.     

区域产业投资策略与区域产业结构趋同：锦标赛机制的视角

通过对地方官员晋升锦标赛进行建模,分析了各地区产业结构趋同的深层次原因。以经济绩效为主要标准的地方官员晋升选拔机制,直接影响各个互为竞争地区的地方官员的产业投资策略选择,进而导致区域产业结构趋同。模型结果显示,当两地区初始绩效无差异时,产业结构必然趋同。当初始绩效存在差异时,以两地区高利润产业绩效之间相关系数的临界值1/2为分界点：小于等于1/2时,区域产业结构必然趋同;大于1/2时,产业结构是否趋同则受初始绩效差异、高利润产业期望绩效与落后区域比较优势产业绩效差值以及两区域选择高利润产业的绩效相关系数三者间关系的影响。该相关系数可能代表着两区域所投资的同一产业内不同产品间的替代或互补关系。不能仅因产业投资方向上的趋同就认为产业结构存在严重趋同,还需要对产品结构是否趋同进行分析研判。     

Field Experiments in a Course on Behavioral Economics: Nudging Students Around Campus

In experiential education, the student learns through experience by observing a concept or phenomenon and applying this knowledge in a real-world context. A research project conducted by undergraduate students at a U.S. private liberal arts college is described in this article. The project provided opportunity for students to think about their decision-making processes, compare them to existing literature, and apply this knowledge in examining their own hypotheses through primary data collection on campus. While the research design's simplicity ensured that the project could be completed in time for a final grade and sacrificed lecture material in favor of feedback opportunities, this behavioral field experiment was a rewarding experience because of students’ enthusiasm and their ability to defend and think critically of their own ideas.     

Undergraduate Coursework in Economics: A Survey Perspective

Survey results from a large sample of economics departments describe offerings for principles courses, coursework requirements for economics majors, and program augmentations such as capstone courses, senior seminars, and honors programs. Findings are reported for all institutions, and institutions are subdivided into six different categories based on public or private control and the highest economics degree offered. The coursework required for the economics major typically consists of ten courses, five in a required core and five electives. The most conspicuous curriculum change over the past 30 years is the rise of econometrics as a required course, now mandatory at about half of major programs. The authors estimate that about 40 percent of students who matriculate as first-year undergraduates take at least one economics course before they leave.     

Trade policy uncertainty,development strategy,and export behavior: Evidence from listed industrial companies in China

On the basis of new structural economics theory and heterogeneity of firm viability, this study analyzes the effect of trade policy uncertainty on firm export behavior using panel data of Chinese listed companies in the industrial sector. Empirical results show that the high uncertainty of trade policy significantly inhibits the extensive and intensive margins of firm export, while heterogeneity effect occurs across firms with different levels of viability. The development strategy that violates comparative advantage strengthens the negative impact of trade policy uncertainty on firm export. Despite their correlation with viability, the type of ownership, total factor productivity, and long-term loan are not suitable proxies for firm viability. Under high uncertainty of trade policy, export market diversification can alleviate the restraining effect of development strategy on firm export, whereas firms in regions with high industrial-oriented development tend to be vulnerable to cost shocks, thus reducing export market diversification. Findings present important implications for emerging market countries to enact better international trade and economic policies.     

金融中介发展、企业家精神与区域经济增长——基于省级面板数据的实证研究

本文利用1999--2010年我国30个省市的面板数据,对金融中介、企业家精神和区域经济增长之间的关系进行了实证研究。实证结果显示：金融中介发展尤其是效率的提高,对经济增长有直接的推动作用,但其增长效应存在地区差异;企业家精神能够促进经济增长,但企业家创新精神的经济增长效应远低于创业精神的经济增长效应;金融中介发展主要通过支持企业家创业活动促进经济增长。     

商事代理概念重构：法经济分析的视角

传统法学对“商事代理”概念的界定具有一定的缺陷,以至于商事代理概念仅停留在法学理论研究层面而不能指导我国司法实践。作为方法论的创新,本文引入法经济分析方法,剖析商事代理交易的内在经济含义及经济特征,提出具有司法可适用性的商事代理概念,为我国民法典编纂与商事法律制度完善奠定理论基础。     

区域旅游业与能源消费的灰色关联分析——以张家界市为例

能源是人类社会赖以生存和发展的重要物质基础,旅游业与能源消费息息相关。随着区域旅游业的日益繁荣,能源消费总量呈日渐上升趋势。本文采用灰色关联方法,测算并分析了2005~2012年张家界市旅游业典型统计指标与能源消费的关联度,并且比较分析了各关联度之间的大小,结论是:区域旅游业中接待游客总人数、旅游总收入、旅游创汇收入、接待境外游客对能源消费具有一致、较高的解释程度。最后从吃、住、行、游、购、娱各方面,提出了降低张家界市旅游业能源消费的对策和建议。     

产业经济学视角下地勘单位改革思考

地勘单位改革中存在的问题：忽略了矿产资源勘查行业自身的基本特点、地质勘查产业的一般性以及行业改革与国内外市场经济大环境的协调。当今世界矿产资源勘查产业组织呈现清晰的二元结构,即“大型巨轮”与“小型舢板”,这也是我国地勘单位与国际通行模式接轨的目标模式。在体制转轨的过渡时期,可以通过地勘单位的子模式与整合模式来实现地勘单位的改造。产业经济学视角下地勘单位改革建议：①发挥政府机构在地勘单位改造中的促进作用;②发挥行业协会在地勘单位改造中的指导作用;③发挥中介组织在地勘单位改造中的影响作用;④发挥从业人员在地勘单位改造中的参与作用。