产业转移对江苏区域经济发展贡献的实证分析——以南北共建产业园为例

以江苏南北共建产业园为例,通过目前较前沿有效的灰色关联模型,分析江苏产业转移所带来的系统因素行为序列对系统特征序列影响的关联度和关联序。从模型结果可以看出,苏北交通运输、南北项目总投资和南北产业转移产业个数是江苏、苏南、苏北GDP值重要的影响因素,而产业转移活动对苏北经济发展影响最大。这表明尽管目前基于南北共建产业园的产业转移活动影响力还不是很明显,但其已经成为江苏各区域,特别是苏北经济发展的重要推手。     

Reconciling the Rawlsian and the utilitarian approaches to the maximization of social welfare

Under a deadweight loss of tax and transfer, there is tension between the optimal policy choices of a Rawlsian social planner and a utilitarian social planner. However, when with a weight greater than a certain critical value the individuals’ utility functions incorporate distaste for low relative income, a utilitarian will select exactly the same income distribution as a Rawlsian.     

竹类植物夏季微气候特征及其对 人体舒适度的影响

增加植被绿化是调节城市微气候和改善城市热岛效应的主要策略之一。然而,对竹类植物群落的微气候特征和热舒适度调节却鲜有研究。以杭州11种常见竹类植物为研究对象,分析了不同竹类植物群落的微气候变化特征,并采用不舒适指数来评价不同竹类植物群落对人体热舒适度的影响。结果显示,不同竹类植物群落与对照点相比,其空气温度、相对湿度以及光照强度存在显著差异。与对照点相比,乔木状竹类植物群落能够降低空气温度1.5~2.6℃,增加相对湿度3.0%~7.9%,遮光率达95.4%~99.9%。不同竹类植物群落与对照点相比,其平均不舒适指数的差异表现为极显著。与对照点相比,乔木状竹类植物不舒适指数降低2.1%~3.5%。通过对微气候因子与竹类植物群落冠层结构特征之间的相关性分析表明,冠层结构特征对植物群落微气候和不舒适指数起着重要的调节作用。本次研究可以提供更多关于竹类植物缓解热岛效应的基础知识,有助于在风景园林规划设计中合理选择竹类植物种类,从而改善城市热环境。     

Monotone risk aversion

Summary. This paper defines decreasing absolute risk aversion in purely behavioral terms without any assumption of differentiability and shows that a strictly increasing and risk averse utility function with decreasing absolute risk aversion is necessarily differentiable with an absolutely continuous derivative. A risk averse utility function has decreasing absolute risk aversion if and only if it has a decreasing absolute risk aversion density, and if and only if the cumulative absolute risk aversion function is increasing and concave. This leads to a characterization of all such utility functions. Analogues of these results also hold for increasing absolute and for increasing and decreasing relative risk aversion.Received: 31 January 2003, Revised: 15 January 2004, JEL Classification Numbers: D81.The views, thoughts and opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author in his individual capacity and should not in any way be attributed to Morgan Stanley or to Lars Tyge Nielsen as a representative, officer, or employee of Morgan Stanley.     

Selection and incentives in contests: evidence from horse racing

The designer of internal labour market promotion contests must balance the need to select the best candidate with the need to provide incentives for all candidates. We use an extensive data set from horse racing – where there is abundant variation in contest design features – to analyse if there are particular features that help to achieve these two objectives. We find that contests with higher prize money and fewer participants are the most successful at achieving the dual remit of selection and incentives.     

横向比较评价在商业银行中的应用及思考

在当前市场竞争激烈、环境高度不确定的情况下,商业银行如何对＂最为宝贵的人才或人力资源＂进行客观、科学评价,从国际、国内已有的经验看,方法之一是引入横向比较评价。但横向比较评价应用不当也会引发一系列的功能失效行为,为此,从追溯横向比较评价理论根源入手,分析了横向比较评价的利弊,并结合商业银行实践提出了改进建议。     

利益相关者理论视角下中粮屯河的成功分析及启示

任何一个公司都不可能孤立地存在于市场中,它要与各种利益相关者建立密切的联系与合作,只有获得了来自各合作阶层全方位的支持,企业才会有一个理想的社会环境。本文从利益相关者理论视角分析了中粮屯河的成功运作方式及对新疆其他企业的启示。     

利益相关者与企业伦理关系分析

20世纪90年代之后,利益相关者理论逐渐完善和发展.企业要对利益相关者开展伦理管理,以德治企.以"双赢"策略处理与其利益相关者之间的关系.对内赢得员工的忠诚,建立良好的员工关系;对外赢得公众支持、顾客满意、投资者青睐和供应者信任.     

Responses to risk in tournaments

Due to their inefficient use of information, promotion incentives, which can be modeled as tournaments, can induce sub-optimal actions on the part of managers. This is a problem for firms because it leads to choices that do not maximize profit. This also can pose interpretation and comparison problems for research studies that employ tournament incentives. We demonstrate a situation where tournament incentives eliminate the effects of project risk on managers’ decisions as concerns with winning take precedence over concerns of maximizing expected profit. We also report the results of an experiment and find actual behavior to be fairly well explained by theoretical predictions. However, we find systematic deviations that lead to decisions that are more consistent with profit maximization than the economic theory predicts.