关于科学发展观的逻辑思考

马克思关于发展的世界观是唯物的,关于发展的方法论是辩证的,马克思提出的发展的世界观和方法论是科学发展的抽象形式和最高境界.科学发展观无疑是好的发展观,但在贯彻落实这一发展观过程中却现实地存在着认识上、理论上、体制上诸多方面的误解和障碍,形成科学发展上的"博弈困境".     

欠发达地区易地搬迁扶贫面临的问题与对策探讨——从贵州扶贫主题调研引发的思考

易地搬迁扶贫是一种兼有消除贫困、发展经济、保护生态环境和促进社会和谐多重效益的自愿性移民扶贫方式,是新世纪扶贫工作和实施西部大开发战略的重要举措。本文在总结分析"十五"以来贵州开展易地扶贫搬迁试点工作经验与问题的基础上,结合扶贫主题调研中反映出来的一系列问题,对进一步推动贵州易地扶贫搬迁工作进行了深入探讨。     

我国农村法治的缺失与建设

当前制约中国社会发展的根本问题是"三农"问题,"三农"问题的解决需要有良好的社会机制。法治作为现代社会控制的有效机制正在成为中国社会发展的战略选择,靠传统礼俗和政策为主要调节和运行手段的中国农村社会也最终要步入现代法治的轨道。彻底打破城乡二元体制,这是发展农村法治的体制前提;充分发掘传统法律文化和农村民间法资源,则是完善农村法治的重要路径;而积极培育农村市场经济主体,提高农民法律意识,将是完善农村法治的根本途径。     

Consistent representative democracy

We study axioms which define “representative democracy” in an environment in which agents vote over a finite set of alternatives. We focus on a property that states that whether votes are aggregated directly or indirectly makes no difference. We call this property representative consistency. Representative consistency formalizes the idea that a voting rule should be immune to gerrymandering. We characterize the class of rules satisfying unanimity, anonymity, and representative consistency. We call these rules “partial priority rules.” A partial priority rule can be interpreted as a rule in which each agent can “veto” certain alternatives. We investigate the implications of imposing other axioms to the list specified above. We also study the partial priority rules in the context of specific economic models.     

Stability of jurisdiction structures under the equal share and median rules

We consider a finite society with of individuals distributed along the real line. The individuals form jurisdictions to consume public projects, equally share their costs and, in addition, bear a transportation cost to the location of the project. We examine a core and Nash notions of stable jurisdiction structures and show that in hedonic games both solution sets could be empty. We demonstrate that in a quasi-hedonic set-up there is a Nash stable partition, but, in general, there are no core stable partitions. We then examine a subclass of societies that admits the existence of both types of stable partitions. Financial support through grants R98-0631 from the Economic Education and Research Consortium, # NSh-1939.2003.6 School Support, Russian Foundation for Basic Research No. 04-02-17227, and the Russian Science Support Foundation is gratefully acknowledged.     

Vickrey allocation rule with income effect

We consider situations in which a society tries to efficiently allocate several homogeneous and indivisible goods among agents. Each agent receives at most one unit of the good. In this paper, we establish that on domains that include nonquasi-linear preferences—preferences exhibiting income effects—an allocation rule that satisfies Pareto-efficiency, strategy-proofness, individual rationality, and nonnegative payment uniquely exists, which is the Vickrey allocation rule. H. Saitoh is a JSPS Research Fellow.     

中国传统管理思想的逻辑层次

本文将中国传统管理思想分为3个层次,认为对基层员工管理的中心在于法字,从经济学和管理学的角度分析了法的作用;对中层干部管理的中心在于忠字,中国人并不忠于专业和企业,而是忠于自己的信念。要使中层干部忠于上级,儒家用德治而法家则用权治;而高层领导管理的中心则是一个道字,道体现了中国企业家做人和做企业的合一,以及对提升人格境界的追求。高层领导团体管理的关键在于志同道合。     

The Copeland rule and Condorcet’s principle

Summary. The purpose of this note is to shed some light on the relationship between the Copeland rule and the Condorcet principle in those cases where there does not exist a Condorcet winner. It will be shown that the Copeland rule ranks alternatives according to their distances to being a Condorcet winner.Received: 30 July 2003, Revised: 31 December 2003, JEL Classification Numbers: D70, D71.Christian Klamler: I am very grateful to Daniel Eckert and Nick Baigent for their helpful comments.     

The Cultural Paradigm of Virtue

Social and moral issues in business have drawn attention to a gap between theory and practice and fueled the search for a reconciling perspective. Finding and establishing an alternative remains a critical initiative, but a daunting one. In what follows, the assumptions of two prominent contenders are considered before introducing a third in the form of Aristotle’s ancient theory of virtue. Comparative case studies are used to briefly illustrate the practical implications of each paradigm. In the quest for a better sense-making and sense-giving lens, this paper refines and encourages the search by highlighting some of the key features required of a worthy paradigmatic challenge. The author proceeds to identify a particular type of institutional community, and a promising champion, for the practical unification of strategic and normative excellence.     

Utility of Ethical Frameworks in Determining Behavioral Intention: A Comparison of the U.S. and Russia

Using Reidenbach and Robin‘s ( Journal of Business Ethics 7, 871–879, 1988) multi-criteria ethics instrument, we carried out the first empirical test of Robertson and Crittenden‘s (Strategic Management Journal 24, 385–392, 2003) cross-cultural map of moral philosophies to examine what ethical criteria guide business people in Russia and the U.S. in their intention to behave. Competing divergence and convergence hypotheses were advanced. Our results support a convergence hypothesis, and reveal a common emphasis on relativism. Americans are also influenced by the justice criterion while Russians tend to emphasize utilitarianism. Rafik I. Beekun (Ph.D., the University of Texas at Austin) is Professor of Management and Strategy in the Managerial Sciences Department at the University of Nevada, Reno. His current research focuses on business ethics, national cultures, and the link between management and spirituality. He has published in such journals as the Journal of Applied Psychology, Human Relations, Journal of Management, Journal of Business Ethics and Decision Sciences. Correspondence regarding this article should be addressed to him: MGRS 28, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557–0206. James Westerman is an Associate Professor of Management at Appalachian State University. He received his Ph.D. in management from the University of Colorado at Boulder. His research interests include person-organization fit, employee ethics, compensation, and selection. Jamal Barghouti (B.Sc., MBA, Ph.D Management) is currently Advisor on Petroleum Affairs, H.H. Ruler’s Court, Dubai. He is also a lecturer at local universities including Dubai University College in human resources management, international business, organizational behavior and business communication. He has about 35 years of experience in the oil industry in the U.S.A., U.K., Russia, and the Middle East.