Formally modelling a gender-segregated economy: A response to William Darity, Jr

William Darity Jr.'s model, presented in the November 1995 issue of World Development (Darity, 1995), is an important attempt to provide an outline for gender-based analysis at the household level. The model falls short, however, because it focuses on income maximization without specific constraints on the man's time. This paper demonstrates that as formulated there is no internal maximization solution possible, and then offers additional economic information that would be meaningful and appropriate to make Darky's model well-specified.     

解析“民工荒”

2004年我国出现的"民工荒"现象是我国农村富余劳动力向城市转移过程中出现的一种特殊现象,但其背后有其发生的历史必然性,而解决这一问题则需从政府、用人单位、劳动者三个方面同时入手.     

What Drives the Property Price-Trading Volume Correlation? Evidence from a Commercial Real Estate Market

The significant price-trading volume correlation found in the residential property market presents a challenge to the rational expectation hypothesis. Existing theories account for this fact with either capital market imperfection (down-payment effect or loss-aversion consideration) or imperfect information (search theoretic models). This paper employs data from a commercial real estate market, which face a different degree of severity of capital market constraint than the residential market, and thus provide an indirect but effective test for alternative theories. Policy implications are also discussed.     

The choice between resale price maintenance and exclusive territories: Evidence from litigation

A manufacturer's choice between resale price maintenance (RPM) and exclusive territories to protect dealer provided services is examined empirically. The relative efficacy of RPM in solving the free rider problem depends on the life cycle of the product being distributed. A manufacturer of a product with a long life cycle is more likely to protect its dealers' investment in service with exclusive territories, whereas RPM becomes the more probable restraint for products of short life spans. Data gleaned from vertical restraint litigation strongly support this hypothesis.The author wishes to thank Howard P. Marvel, Laura A. Boyd, and two anonymous referees for comments on earlier versions of this paper. The financial support of The Procter and Gamble Fund is also gratefully acknowledged. Any errors are mine alone.     

Estimating the Accounting Price of Foreign Exchange: An Input–Output Approach

When adjustments in the foreign exchange market involve changes in the production of marginally traded goods, the traditional formula for calculating the accounting (shadow) price of foreign exchange assumes that domestic prices and marginal costs at efficiency prices for those goods are equal. In this paper, a method is proposed for estimating an accounting price ratio of foreign exchange in a partial equilibrium framework, abandoning that assumption. For that purpose, input–output techniques are used, to take into account the effets of changes in the production of traded goods.     

完全市场中的资产定价——有限离散时间情形

研究完全市场中有限离散时间情形下的资产定价问题。首先,给出了无风险收益的概念,借助无风险收益定义了一种风险中性概率。基于这个概率,得到了资产的价格等于随机现金流与随机贴现因子乘积的期望,而且资产的价格还等于资产支付关于q的期望对无风险收益的贴现值。其次,借助无风险概率考虑了资产在多期情形下的资产定价,得出了相应的股票期权公式,尤其作为推论给出了欧式看涨期权的定价公式,并对资产价格过程的鞅性作了讨论。     

人民币汇率升值预期对我国国内生产成本的影响

改革开放以来,我国凭借国内生产的成本优势在国际贸易中获取了大量利益。出口刺激了经济的快速增长,然而持续顺差带来的本币升值问题却成为我国经济发展中的两难。虽然汇率升值可能造成出口部门竞争力下降,但是,理论上讲,汇率的升值也能够缓解国内通货膨胀的压力,并且能够降低进口原材料价格,从而降低国内的生产成本。然而,自汇改以来,人民币的升值并没有减缓通胀压力,相反的,升值一直伴随着物价的上涨,于此同时,人民币汇率、国内资产价格和物价之间的联动越来越明显。本文从人民币汇率预期、资产价格和物价的关系入手,研究人民币汇率升值预期对我国国内生产成本的影响。结果表明,人民币升值预期会导致我国国内生产成本的上涨,即成本优势的丧失。     

高端白酒的市场营销策略浅析

白酒是中国的国酒,有着千年历史,白酒也承载着中华的文化。同时酒类行业具有很高的回报率和利润率。正是因为这样诱人的企业利润,酒饮料市场在我国竞争日益激烈,分析高端白酒所面临的机遇与挑战有助于其在该市场的竞争,保持并不断扩大市场份额。同时探讨解决品牌白酒扩大酒饮料市场份额的可行方法和白酒营销在市场中的创新,为确立品牌白酒在酒饮料市场中的龙头地位,发扬中华文化有着积极而深远的意义。     

马克思“重建个人所有制”涵义浅释

马克思＂重新建立个人所有制＂的思想是对共产主义社会所有制关系的科学设想,它是马克思主义政治经济学的基本理论之一,同时也是国内外学者讨论的焦点之一,尤其是对于＂个人所有制＂涵义的理解众说纷纭,莫衷一是。实际上,国内学者关于马克思重新建立个人所有制的争论焦点多数是针对译文的而非理论本身。通过对《资本论》第一卷德文四个不同版本及其中译版的考察可以看出,马克思＂重新建立个人所有制＂更应该理解为重新建立生产资料全社会共同占有基础上的＂个人财产＂。     

价格歧视下四种市场类型的消费者剩余

市场按垄断程度由高到低可以分为四种类型：完全垄断市场、寡头垄断市场、垄断竞争市场和完全竞争市场。在发生二度价格歧视的情形下,这四种市场的价格歧视程度的定量结果是一个值得研究的问题。在二度价格歧视下,用微分法研究了一个垄断厂商市场情形,用博弈论方法研究了n厂商市场情形的均衡总产量,均衡价格,均衡总收益,总收益增长率,消费者剩余,厂商占有的消费者剩余率。最后把各种市场情形的上述指标归纳为统一的公式并详细分析了其性质。