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51.
52.
通过培养基无菌灌装模拟试验,明确针剂车间进行盐酸赖氨酸注射液灌装作业的控制要求,为今后针剂车间进行灌装作业管理提供依据。本厂区无菌操作生产线,按《药品生产质量管理规范(2010版)》及其附录要求进行设计,是专用于小容量注射剂非最终灭菌产品生产使用。 相似文献
53.
许明箫 《中小企业管理与科技》2021,(1)
为提高企业的综合效益,论文对管理会计在中小企业中的应用问题展开详细讨论,以此为基础,提出管理会计在财务共享模式下的具体应用策略,为中小企业未来的可持续发展及经济效益稳定增长提供有利保证。 相似文献
54.
郭媛媛 《中小企业管理与科技》2021,(4)
现阶段,我国针对经济的实际情况,推出了一系列减免税优惠政策,以此进一步推动经济的平稳发展,能够有效地帮助一些小微企业缓解经营过程中面临的压力。鉴于此,论文针对现阶段基于结构性减税降费的小微企业税收筹划路径进行分析和阐述。 相似文献
55.
本文根据供应链金融理论,分析存货质押供应链金融融资模式中各主体间的博弈关系,对复制动态方程表示的银行、物流企业及中小企业利益函数进行数值分析,认为存货质押供应链金融融资模式对三方收益具有积极影响,三者之间信任关系的建立及维护对供应链金融融资模式的实施具有重要影响。最后提出了同一供应链条上的核心企业与中小企业加强信任与合作、强化物流企业对中小企业贷款抵押存货的监管、建立和完善银行对中小企业的还款追加制度和存货质押管理制度以及成立中小企业政策性银行四点政策建议。 相似文献
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57.
Robert M. Feinberg 《Applied economics》2013,45(7):769-779
This article examines the impact of the important, yet little studied, state-level antitrust enforcement activity on entry and relocation behaviour by small US firms. Feinberg and Husted (2011) have shown that this enforcement, especially nonhorizontal cases, may be viewed by potential entrants as a negative aspect of the state business climate. However, they did not pursue a more disaggregate analysis of small firm entry behaviour; nor did they investigate different responses between manufacturing, wholesaling and retailing firms. Another related issue is the extent to which state cases filed in tandem with federal investigations have the same impact on establishment entry as do purely ‘independent’ cases. These considerations are dealt with in this article. The author uses annual state-level data from the Statistics of US Business to examine entry and relocation reactions to state antitrust enforcement by firms within three small-business categories: 1–19 employees; 20–99 employees; 100–499 employees. Generally speaking, the smallest retail and wholesale firms seem to favour vigorous antitrust activity, especially enforcement targeted against cartel behaviour by suppliers. The largest small-firm retailers and wholesalers (those with 100–499 employees) seem somewhat threatened by such activity, especially the more controversial nonhorizontal enforcement. However, it must be acknowledged that the effects on entry or relocation of small firms – both positive and negative – are quite small. 相似文献
58.
Lisa De Propris 《Economics of Innovation and New Technology》2013,22(5):421-446
Drawing upon the innovative milieux and industrial districts literature, the paper provides substantial empirical evidence that firms have a greater chance of being innovative if they co-operate with other firms over innovation, albeit undertaking no investment in RLD. This is an important result especially for small firms. In particular, the paper focuses on inter-firm cwperation along the supply chain, using a swey of firms in the West Midlands to investi-gate co-operation over innovation between suppliers and buyers. A probit model is used to test the link between innovation performance and four innovation inputs: R&D expenditure, R&D personnel, networking with suppliers and networking with client firms. 相似文献
59.
Jan Youtie Diana Hicks Philip Shapira Travis Horsley 《Technology Analysis & Strategic Management》2013,25(10):981-995
This paper presents results from a pilot study of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) based on a web-scraping and content analysis of current and archived nanotechnology enterprise websites. We use this approach to explore nanotechnology SMEs transitions from discovery to commercialisation and understand how transitions vary by SME characteristics, technology and market sectors. Our findings suggest that although the idealised linear innovation model is present, important instances of divergence exist. Cluster analysis uncovered sectoral differences but even more distinctions based on the age, funding source, and research intensity. 相似文献
60.
The topic investigated competition in marketing as a survival yardstick for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria. The objectives addressed by this study were: (1) identifying different types and intensity of competition that SMEs are exposed to along the life-cycle portfolio in Nigeria; (2) quantifying the strength of SMEs vis-a-vis some foreign enterprises in terms of market competition; and (3) proffering solutions on how best they could match competitively these foreign enterprises. Relevant models and theories were employed in literature to evolve detailed analysis of issues relating to the variables used in terms of competition in marketing and survival of juice-producing SMEs. Two hypotheses were investigated through the survey of 20 prominent Ikeja based SMEs using Cluster sampling, 5-points Likert summated rating scale was adopted, while Yard's formula with 95% confidence level and 5% error tolerance was used. Alternative form validity of the instrument was measured at 0.63 while its reliability was measured at Cronbach's alpha of 0.70. Pearson's product-moment correlation was used in testing hypothesis 1 while standard multiple regressions were used to test hypothesis 2. Findings revealed that there was strong relationship between survival of juice-producing SMEs with forms of competition on a firm's life-cycle; while competition had positive effects on survival components for the enterprises. It was concluded that since competition subsists in any firm's life-cycle, strategies to support operations for survival must be adopted. It was recommended that operators of SMEs have to monitor and manage competition as it affects their businesses positively and/or negatively. 相似文献