国有企业财务管理目标的探析

针对国有企业同时具有企业性和社会性两重属性的特征 ,提出了国有企业应当在充分考虑社会责任的基础上 ,建立“以相关者利益最大化”为终极目标或根本性目标 ,以“企业价值最大化”、“社会贡献最大化”为中间目标或过渡性目标 ,以“资产剩余利润率最大化”、“成本最小化”、“社会贡献指标最佳化”为具体目标或执行性目标的新观点 ,以求在限定的社会资源成本下国有企业的社会性目标和企业性目标达到最佳结合 ,从而实现社会财富的最大化     

Peers Versus National Culture: An Analysis of Antecedents to Ethical Decision-making

Given the recent ethics scandals in the United States, there has been a renewed focus on understanding the antecedents to ethical decision-making in the research literature. Since ethical norms and standards of behavior are not universally consistent, an individual’s choice of referent may exert a large influence on his/her ethical decision-making. This study used a social identity theory lens to empirically examine the relative influence of the macro- and micro-level variables of national culture and peers on an individual’s intention to behave ethically. Our sample consisted of respondents from Germany, Italy, and Japan. The results indicated that both national culture and peers were found to act as significant referents in ethical decision-making dilemmas. Although peers exerted a much stronger influence on an individual’s ethical decision-making, the impact of peers varied depending on the national culture levels of individualism and power distance. James W. Westerman is an Associate Professor of Management at Appalachian State University. He received his Ph.D in Management from the University of Colorado at Boulder and an MBA from Florida State University. His research interests include person-organization fit, compensation, and employee ethics, and has been published in the Journal of Organizational Behaviour, Journal of Business Ethics, Academy of Management Learning and Education, Group and Organization Management and the Journal of Business and Psychology, among others. Rafik I. Beekun (Ph.D., the University of Texas at Austin) is Professor of Management and Strategy in the Managerial Sciences Department at the University of Nevada. Reno, and Co-director, Center for Corporate Governance and Business Ethics. His current research focuses on business ethics, national cultures and the link between management and spirituality. He has published in such journals as the Journal of Applied Psychology, Human Relations, Journal of Management, Journal of Business Ethics and Decision Sciences. Yvonne Stedham is a Professor of Management in College of Business at the University of Nevada, Reno. She received a Ph.D. in Business and an MBA from the University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas and undergraduate degrees in Economics and Business from the University of Bonn, Germany. She joined the University of Nevada, Reno in 1988 and served as Chair of the Managerial Sciences Department from 1999-2002. Dr. Stedham's research covers a broad spectrum of management issues with a special focus on international, business ethics and gender aspects, and has been published in the Journal of Management. Women in Management Review, the Journal of Management Studies, the Journal of Business Ethics,the Journal of European Industrial Training, and the Journal of Knowledge Management Practice, Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resource, and others. Jeanne H. Yamamura, CPA, MIM, PHD, is Associate Professor at the University of Nevada Reno. Her research is focused in the area of the international management of accounting professionals and in ethical decision making. She has published in journals such as the International Journal of Accounting, the International Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Performance Evaluation and the International Journal of Human Resource Management.     

公共财政在社会保障发展中的贡献与作用：浦东案例

中国社会保障制度已经成为社会普遍关注的热点。在建设有中国特色的社会保障制度发展进程中 ,公共财政发挥了重要的核心作用。以浦东新区为案例 ,探讨公共财政在社会保障发展中的贡献与作用     

科学、技术进步与社会环境

科学、技术和社会是同一事物所表现的三个方面 ,它们之间有密切的联系。技术进步对社会所发生的推动作用必须要有一个适合的社会环境 ,即需要由公共部门的支持来获得。对中国而言 ,就是要借鉴市场经济发达国家的经验 ,通过“知识转化为技术和技术转化为产业”两个步骤来实现社会的进步     

SA8000:基于“以人为本”的企业文化再造

以SA8000为代表的企业社会责任运动,随着经济全球化而逐渐波及全球。中国作为基本靠劳动密集型产品出口的贸易大国,受社会责任运动的影响最为明显。SA8000既体现了人文关系又注重对社会的贡献,是社会文明与进步的产物,应该成为人们的学习目标。     

中国收入分配结构演变对国内旅游消费的影响

国内旅游是成熟旅游业的主体，其发展与经济水平高度相关。本文从居民收入及其分配结构演变角度，对20年来中国国内旅游消费及其特征进行理论性分析。     

社会网络和同伴效应视角下农户农业绿色技术采用研究综述

[目的]农业绿色技术的推广和应用有助于促进农业集约经营、实现农业生态良性循环、推动农业由“量”到“质”转变。文章旨在对社会网络、同伴效应与农户技术采用之间关系进行系统阐述与分析,发现现有研究不足,提出进一步研究方向。[方法]采用文献研究法和总结归纳法,以社会网络、同伴效应与农户技术采用之间关系研究的主要内容为主线,从农业技术采用、社会网络与农户技术采用、个体行为与同伴效应识别、同伴效应形成机制四个方面对现有研究进行梳理、概括和评价。[结果]目前政府和学界对农户绿色技术采用行为展开了大量研究,但大多强调农户自身特征或决策对绿色技术采用行为的影响,在很大程度上忽略了社会网络,以及同伴效应对农户绿色技术采用所起的作用。[结论]未来应深化社会网络、同伴效应对农户技术采用的影响机制的定量及动态研究;应进一步探索社会网络和同伴效应的“中国特色”;应丰富和改进研究方法和实验技术。     

社会信任、感知价值对农户秸秆还田技术采纳意愿的影响——基于鄂豫两省样本农户的实证

目的 研究揭示社会信任、感知价值对农户秸秆还田技术采纳意愿的影响机制和效应。方法 文章基于社会嵌入理论和感知价值理论,以秸秆还田为例,利用湖北、河南1 776份农户调查数据,采用结构方程模型（SEM）实证分析社会信任、感知价值对农户秸秆还田技术采纳意愿的影响,并探讨不同分化水平下农户采纳意愿的差异性。结果 （1）社会信任、感知利益对农户采纳意愿具有显著正向影响,而感知风险具有显著负向影响;（2）社会信任主要通过感知利益间接作用于农户秸秆还田技术采纳意愿,感知风险的中介作用不显著,其中介效应分为别为0.165和0.001;（3）从多群组分析结果来看,低水平分化和高垂直分化农户的社会信任对其秸秆还田技术采纳意愿的影响更强烈。结论 政府应构建农户高度信任的外部环境,提高农户多维度价值感知,针对不同分化水平的农户制定差异化宣传策略,以切实增强农户采纳秸秆还田技术的积极意愿,实现秸秆综合利用与生态保护的双重目标。     

劳动力信心、成绩和社会关系对行业进入的影响

本文在控制教育、年龄、性别、工龄、民族、婚姻、健康、社会关系、家庭背景、户籍等变量的情况下,利用有序概率模型(Ordered Probit Model)实证研究了劳动力信心、离校成绩对劳动力能否进入高收入行业的影响,研究的结果表明较强的自信心、较高的成绩、较好的社会关系网络均有利于劳动者进入高收入行业。     

民生科技创新视角下的全国社会保障基金管理研究

民生科技已成为我国社会保障制度建设的重要内容与手段,全国社会保障基金管理中的民生科技应用不足导致基金目标规模不明确、投资渠道受限和社会监督缺失。文章提出从社会保障基金的行政管理、目标管理、运营管理、投资管理方面进行民生科技创新,以提高社保基金的管理水平和社会效益。