湖南入境旅游市场竞争态势演化、成因机制及政策研究——旅游客源地和目的地两个维度

旅游市场竞争态模型是反映区域旅游发展态势和旅游竞争格局的重要工具。在相关文献回顾的基础上,选择市场竞争态模型和亲景度模型相结合的方法研究旅游市场竞争态。研究发现,十五和十一五时期湖南省入境旅游客源地市场和目的地市场经历了以增长率略有加快、集中度显著下降、市场结构明显调整为特征的演变过程,并从旅游目的地间的空间作用、客源地与目的地空间相互作用、旅游危机等三个方面揭示演变过程特征的成因机制,根据演化过程特征和成因机制,从旅游市场营销、旅游文化内涵、旅游交通建设、旅游服务管理、旅游合作、旅游危机管理、旅游发展方式等7方面提出湖南入境旅游竞争力的政策建议。     

Marketing and persistent innovation success

Despite their critical roles in innovation success, marketing activities are overlooked when the sources of innovation persistence are considered. Using three waves of the French Community innovation survey covering the period 2002–2008, this paper investigates the influence of marketing activities on innovation success and in particular on persistent innovation success in high-tech industries. Our results confirm that innovation success depends on past innovation success. Innovation marketing does not positively influence persistent innovation success in low-tech industries. The dynamic of innovation marketing is found to be more complex in high-tech industries: innovation marketing positively influences persistent innovation success for incremental innovation but negatively influences it for radical innovation. We therefore provide support to the existing literature on ambidextrous organizations which, for the most part, associate incremental innovation success with marketing and radical innovation success with R&D resources. Innovation marketing also impacts innovation success over the short term. However, there is no evidence of a positive carry-over effect from innovation marketing activities over time (short or long term). The results regarding the short-term effects of innovation marketing activities mainly hold for low-tech industries.     

Determinants of persistence in innovation: evidence from the case study of the ‘Eye Microsurgery’ Complex

This study aims at determining the major factors supporting innovative persistence based on an in-depth analysis of the internal organizational processes of the state-owned medical institution, ‘Eye Microsurgery’ Complex in Moscow. I propose a systemic approach to the study of innovation activities, which incorporates aspects of evolutionary economics, institutional analysis and dynamic capabilities theory. The study explicitly incorporates the changing external environment as a factor shaping innovation dynamics. The findings suggest that at the earliest stage of the firm's development, the interaction between the nature of the technology and the nature of the demand, the presence of prolific innovators and a certain organizational structure that supports learning, effective knowledge production and accumulation are determinant of persistence in innovation. In later periods, the availability of resources (material, financial, specialized human capital), external collaborations, specific production techniques, well-organized technological diffusion, and motivational factors are the elements providing the basis for innovative persistence. Leadership plays a crucial role in supporting innovation and organizational transformation.     

国有煤炭企业内部审计风险防范措施

阐述了对国有煤炭企业内部审计风险存在的主要问题,并从保障国有煤炭企业内部审计员独立性、规范国有煤炭企业内部审计行为等4个方面分析了有效的防范内部审计风险的具体措施。     

Reconstructing the Maize Market in Rural Mexico

The transition in Mexico from a maize market once characterized by heavy state intervention along the entire maize–tortilla chain to the ‘free market’ of today has been a long and complex process. Over two decades, the production of maize has seen a radical transition both in the geographical location of maize agriculture and the type of farmers growing maize. In this paper, I argue that the restructuring of the domestic maize supply is due to policy decisions to support private agents in the maize market; hence the state did not withdraw its involvement but, rather, has had a key role in the construction of the ‘free’ maize market, with the result that domestic supply for the market is concentrated in the hands of relatively few agents and in relatively few regions. I discuss the background to these policies and analyse the programmes implemented by the state agency ASERCA (Apoyos y Servicios a la Comercialización Agropecuaria) that support the commercialization of maize.     

Size and Structure of Disaster Relief when State Capacity is Limited: China’s 1823 Flood

This paper presents new archival evidence about the amount and structure of central government disaster relief during China’s devastating flood of 1823. The flood affected 20 per cent of China’s counties, and spending per capita was sizable and distributed between provinces depending on the intensity of flooding. Because of its relative small size and limited state capacity, the Chinese government ultimately spent about half of its annual tax revenues on relief during 1823. Given China’s ensuing secular economic stagnation, this is consistent with models emphasising state capacity for economic growth.     

新形势下国有能源集团财务风险管控探析

当前宏观经济增速放缓、能源开采具有自然风险、能源集团规模庞大以及制度、人员等方面的欠缺导致我国国有能源集团财务风险大增。分析了新形势下国有能源集团财务风险管控存在的问题,提出从风控意识、财务治理结构、内部控制、全面预算管理、专业组织建设、专业人员培训等多个角度入手,全面提升国有能源集团财务风险控制能力。     

水利部国库集中支付制度改革有关问题分析

通过对水利部国库集中支付制度改革现状的研究,分析水利部国库集中支付制度改革中存在的问题。为进一步深化水利部国库集中支付制度改革,有针对性地提出了强化预算硬约束、注重项目研究、优化考核制度、提高信息化水平等意见和建议。     

Using partially state-owned enterprises for development in Indonesia

The Indonesian government, under Joko Widodo, has begun to actively use partially state-owned enterprises (PSOEs) to achieve its development goals. This government has pursued its plans despite minority shareholders’ dissatisfaction with the shift in PSOEs’ corporate goals towards national development objectives. This paper investigates the state’s influence on PSOEs by analysing the government’s direct and indirect ownership, control of corporate governance and financial systems, and inter-firm relations. The paper demonstrates that the business system, under the government’s strong influence, has enabled Indonesian PSOEs to focus on carrying out development projects and shielded PSOEs from minority shareholders’ demands.     

Do bilateral investment treaties attract foreign direct investment? The role of international dispute settlement provisions

This paper studies the effects of the strength of bilateral investment treaties (BITs) on foreign direct investment (FDI) activity. We develop an index for the strength of international dispute settlement provisions included in BITs in order to examine the role the content of BITs plays in attracting FDI. To this end, we make use of data from UNCTAD's International Investment Agreement Mapping Project and measure the provision strength of 2,571 BITs. Using panel data of bilateral and total FDI inflows and inward FDI stocks, we study the effect of BITs on FDI. Our main finding indicates that stronger international dispute settlement provisions in BITs are indeed associated with positive effects on FDI activity.