运用税收政策促进战略性新兴产业发展

本文主要介绍了中国促进战略性新兴产业发展的历史背景,对现行的与战略性新兴产业有关的税收政策进行了分析,指出了现行税收政策存在的问题,在借鉴市场经济发达国家有关税收优惠政策的基础上,提出了促进中国战略性新兴产业发展的税收政策建议。     

转轨背景下国有经济的功能及其战略重组

伴随着我国经济转轨的深入,国有经济的功能及其产业、区域分布已经发生了很大变化,但依然与市场经济体制的要求相差甚远,特别是近年来又出现了大型国有企业再次向外扩张的势头,再次引起人们对国有经济重组问题的关注。如何认识国有经济在新体制中的功能,以及现实中已经形成的各种有助于国有经济战略重组的条件和机遇,并及时对其实施重组,是一个既具理论又具现实意义的问题。     

Horizontal Strategic Alliances and Company Behavior

Abstract

Despite the growing interest over the last ten years in strategic alliances as a source of competitive advantage, such initiatives have often been affected by different sorts of problems during implementation. This paper examines the categories into which such problems can be classified-environmental problems, structural problems, and problems with management attitudes and expectations-and discusses their effect on two cases of horizontal strategic alliances in Brazil.

A pesar del creciente intérs en los últimos diez años con respecto a la utilización de alianzas estratégicas como una fuente para generar ventajas competitivas, estas iniciativas han sido frecuentemente afectadas ppor diferentes tipos de problemas en su fase de implementación. Este artículo examina las categorías en que estos problemas pueden ser clasificados-problemas ambientales, problemas estructurales y problemas inherentes a las actitudes y expectativas de la administración-y discute sus efectos en dos casos de alianzas horizontales en Brasil.

Apesar do crescente interesse a respeito de alianças estratégicas como uma fonte de vantagem competitiva durante os últimos dez anos, essas iniciativas tem sido freqüentemente afetadas por toda a sorte de problemas durante a implementação. Esse trabalho examina as categoriasnas quais esses problemas podem ser classificados-problemas ambientais, problemas estruturais e problemas com as atitudes e as expectativas dos gestores-e discute os seus efeitos sobre dois casos de aliança estratégica horizontal no Brasil.     

我国高速铁路公司引入战略成本管理的思考

目前,我国高速铁路处于起步阶段,经营存在诸多问题。由于受经营管理体制的影响,目前高速铁路公司在成本管理方面普遍不够深入。因此,分析了高速铁路公司目前在成本管理方面存在的缺陷,即成本管理观念滞后、可控成本空间较小、成本管理资料缺乏等。结合自身工作体会,提出高速铁路公司要加强成本管理,就必须在引入战略成本管理理念、塑造企业战略成本文化、发挥专业部门成本源头控制作用、明确受托方的经营责任、硬化成本约束、提高投入效益等6个方面加强成本管理。     

HR flexibility and firm performance: analysis of a multi-level causal model

Human resource flexibility as a construct, how it develops, and its effect on firm performance have not received adequate attention in strategic HRM literature in spite of their obvious importance in today's dynamic competitive environment. Based on a study of 98 manufacturing and 103 service firms in India, this paper addresses these issues by developing and testing a multi-level model that attempts to explore the ‘black box’ of the interlinkages between the various components of HR flexibility and firm-level human, operational, and financial outcomes. The results suggest that a certain set of ambidextrous HR practices constitute a distinct dimension of HR flexibility, beyond the dimensions of flexibilities of skill, behaviour and HR practices as already identified in the existing literature. Evidences from both manufacturing and service sectors support the notion of HR value chain that suggests that HR system has a direct impact on firm-level HR outcomes which are most proximal, and its effects on increasingly more distal operational and financial outcomes are mediated by HR outcomes that it produces. Another important finding is that HR practices as a system have both direct and indirect (mediated by behavioural flexibility) effects on firm-level HR outcomes. Existence of significant direct effects highlights the important role that HR practices play as a structural mechanism in achieving superior firm performance.     

Implicit contracts and the cyclicality of the skill-premium

To examine the cyclical behavior of the skill-premium, this paper introduces implicit labor contracts in a DSGE model where production is characterized by capital-skill complementarity and the utilization of capital is endogenous. It is shown that this model can reproduce the observed cyclical patterns of wages and the skill-premium. The feature of capital-skill complementarity coupled with variable capital utilization rates does not come at odds with the acyclical behavior of the skill-premium. The paper argues that the skill-complementarity of capital is not a quantitatively significant factor at high frequencies. The key aspects are the contracts and the capital utilization margin.     

CH市利用外商投资的发展战略

CH市利用外商直接投资工作优势与劣势并存,机遇与威胁同在,但二者比较,优势大于劣势,机遇大于威胁,故采取SO战略即增长型战略。本文尝试以波特的菱形理论为基础,从要素禀赋、需求情况、相关和支持产业以及企业战略、结构和竞争等方面构建CH市利用外商直接的优势,得出关于CH市利用外商直接投资的战略选择。     

Two are Better Than One: The Link Between Management Systems and Business Performance

Little is known about the complementary performance benefits associated with facilities’ combined use of both quality management systems (QMSs) and environmental management systems (EMSs), and how these performance benefits might differ from those associated with facilities’ use of only one of these management systems (or neither). We suggest that complementarities arise because each management system fosters the development of internal capabilities that facilitates the adoption and routine operationalization of the other, while maintaining differentiated goals that enhance strategic value. We examine these relationships using a sample of 2619 manufacturing facilities operating within six OECD countries, while controlling for self‐selection issues. Our findings support the idea of complementarity, in that facilities that adopt both QMS and EMS are more associated with positive business performance than facilities that adopt either a QMS or an EMS on its own, or no management system. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

Planned or Emergent Strategy Making? Exploring the Formation of Corporate Sustainability Strategies

In strategy research, there is a consensus that strategy making resides on a continuum from planned to emergent where most strategies are made in a mixed way. Different contingency factors have been suggested to explain the factors that influence strategy making. Sustainability research seems to overlook most of this development and assumes instead that sustainability strategies are made in a purely planned way. We contribute to a better understanding of the role of different strategy making modes for sustainability in three ways. First, we point to the bias towards planned strategy formation in sustainability research. Second, we propose a new contingency factor to help explain sustainability strategy making based on the nature of the problem addressed. Third, we discuss strategy making for different types of sustainability problems. We argue that planned strategy making is expected for salient and non‐wicked problems while emergent strategy making is likely for non‐salient and wicked problems. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

Competitive advantages of the mobile phone operators in the Asia Pacific region: analysis from the strategic groups approach

This paper studies the existence of strategic groups in the mobile phone industry. The analysis has been conducted in an international context characterised by major differences in regional wireless infrastructures, types of customers, government regulations and economic development, such as the Asia Pacific region. The purpose is to find the competitive advantages of the groups identified and the strategies that have led them to achieve them. The empirical research was carried out using data from a sample of the 28 largest firms of the industry in 2013. The results reveal the existence of three different strategic groups pursuing different strategies. The main determinant variables of the competitive advantages are price and size. The differences in environmental characteristics in this industry might explain the formation of strategic groups.