Receptivity of India's small and medium-sized enterprises to information system adoption

This study surveys the receptivity of India's small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to the adoption of information systems (IS). Utilising a portion of Rogers' model of innovation diffusion as the framework, and treating IS as a form of new innovation, this study analyses factors affecting IS diffusion. A multiple regression analysis is carried out, with the five attributes of innovation highlighted by Rogers, to determine the attributes that affect the willingness to adopt. Out of the five factors affecting the adoption of IS by SMEs, only relative advantage, compatibility and trialability appear significant, with the overall regression explaining around 39% of willingness to adopt.     

E-Traveling via Information Technology

ABSTRACT

The travel industry has begun to leverage the Internet by mirroring the electronic ticketing systems used by the airlines enabling hotels and tourism institutions in general to develop IT systems similar to American Airlines' Sabre system. These systems initially allowed travel agents to search for flights electronically. Now the customer is empowered to follow the lines of disintermediation and bypass the travel agent entirely. Thus, the travel industry is in a similar phase that manufacturing companies are dealing with, namely more transparent supply chains and flatter organizational structures-a common theme found in conducting e-commerce. Several models are suggested from industry to leverage connections that sell directly to the customer or buy directly from the manufacturer, although they all present potential risks, especially since this direct contact and transparency makes additional customer-partner contact easier and more likely to occur outside the direct control of the companies involved. The most compelling example of this situation is in the travel industry. In essence, the hospitality industries in general (hotels, airlines, car rental companies, and other travel services) are providing information and reservation systems directly to end consumers, entirely bypassing the traditional intermediary of travel agencies.     

RMA and Strategic intelligence: The case of China and Japan

Two cases of China and Japan are compared in the two dimensions of strategic doctrine and the RMA program. China is disadvantaged in its general military capability; it cannot help but gain the initiative by striking first and doing the operation under a high degree of secrecy, mobility, accuracy in its concentration of firepower, and surprise. This is called the doctrine of “strategic attack” and the Chinese defense planning is called “strategic modernization.” On the other hand, the Japanese approach to RMA is called “Info‐RMA”. The Japanese basic defense strategy is a passive one and it is critical to protect the information infrastructure as Japanese territories might turn out to be the battlefield. Japan should be ready for the possibility that some pre‐RMA forces would employ asymmetrical means such as weapons of mass destruction (WMD), terrorism, or guerilla warfare. Self‐Defense Forces (SDF) also should be ready to accomplish diverse missions, such as rear‐area support for U.S. troops, as well as peacekeeping operations and disaster relief. It is ironic that the Chinese doctrine could not help but be aggressive to compensate for the weakness of strategic intelligence capability in comparison to the U.S. On the other hand, Japan could develop power‐projection capability under the name of strategic intelligence as a part of the Exclusively Defense‐Oriented Policy.     

Resources as dual sources of advantage: Implications for valuing entrepreneurial‐firm patents

Why and how do resources provide sources of competitive advantage? This study sheds new light on this central question of resource‐based theory by allowing a single resource—entrepreneurial‐firm patents—to play distinctive roles in different competitive arenas. As rights to exclude others, patents serve a well‐known role as legal safeguards in product markets. As quality signals, patents also could improve access and the terms of trade in factor input markets. Based on the financing activities of 370 venture‐backed semiconductor start‐ups, we provide new evidence that patents confer dual advantages in strategic factor markets, improved access and terms of trade, above and beyond their added product‐market protection. The study has important implications for empirical tests of resource‐based theory and the measurement of resource value. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Software firm turnarounds in the 1990s: An analysis of reversing decline in a growing,dynamic industry

Investigations into management actions that reverse organizational decline have produced inconsistent findings. Prior studies have focused on the value of retrenchment actions versus strategic actions to engineer a performance turnaround. These studies, however, have generally not controlled for the cause of firm decline, overlooking a major theoretical contingency. Examining prepackaged software firms in the 1990s, we test the association of strategic and retrenchment actions in facilitating turnarounds in a munificent industry. The results show that measures of strategic actions—new product introductions, strategic alliances, and acquisitions—were positively associated with turnarounds. Conversely, measures of retrenchment actions—layoffs, asset reductions, and product withdrawals—were negatively associated with performance recovery. Our results suggest declining firms in munificent industries cannot retrench their way back to prosperity. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

走资源节约之路--由美国石油资源利用引发的思考

在能源消费中过度依赖石油构成了美国经济的脆弱点 ,我们不应当效仿美国的石油消费方式 ,节约资源是我们的战略选择。     

湖北战略性新兴产业的发展成效与政策走向——基于湘鄂赣三省比较分析的视角

面对中部崛起支点战略的重大机遇和建设“中三角”城市群带来的挑战,战略性新兴产业可以而且应当成为湖北支点战略的产业支点.近年来,湖北推动高新技术产业尤其是战略性新兴产业发展的重大决策已取得明显成效,但仍然存在着诸如市场化引导力量缺乏、人才激励机制落后、科技金融机制不够完善等问题.通过与湘赣两省的比较分析,湖北应当在抓好现有重点工作的同时,在培育发展重点、优势企业和品牌培育等方面出台细则,完善战略性新兴产业发展的政策支撑体系.     

会展业和旅游业合作动因——基于战略联盟视角的分析

文章从构建会展业和旅游业战略联盟视角分析其合作的动因,采用定量研究方法对合约式联盟和股权联盟动因、处于不同产业链位置的联盟动因、不同类别组织间的联盟动因的差异性进行了分析。     

国有商业银行战略转型：理论框架与路径选择

国有商业银行面临的国内外经营环境和金融生态环境已发生深刻的变化,国有商业银行迫切需要重新审视自身的经营战略,进行再次定位,战略转型势在必行。国有商业银行应立足国内外经济金融形势,结合商业银行发展格局,明确差异化的市场定位和客户定位,重筑组织架构,进行结构调整,加速国际化进程,推进银行业务和盈利渠道的多元化,最终实现从本土的、单一的融资中介向国际化、全能型的国民财富管理银行转变。     

资源学派的战略联盟研究

从资源的战略联盟观的角度,对华为与3COM联盟案例进行了分析。公司之间的战略联盟有着明显的动态特征,公司之间的合作竞争关系是不断变化的。企业战略联盟会因为双方资源能力互补性的消失或互补性资源不能达到预期效用而解体。联盟的解体并不一定是联盟失败,联盟是具有生命周期的,联盟解体是联盟的最终归属。