A policy analysis to promote conservation and use of small millet underutilized species in India

Despite the important role of Neglected and Underutilized Species (NUS) in diversifying agriculture, supporting traditional farming systems and improving food and nutritional security particularly in marginal lands, very little attention is being paid to their mainstreaming in national policies and institutions. Based on a detailed review of the regulatory frameworks governing the conservation, sustainable use and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of plant genetic resources and the circulation and registration of seeds and improved varieties, this paper discusses the extent to which the measures in place in India may favour or affect the conservation and use of NUS. In addition to these frameworks, in view of the major change realized by the 2013 National Food Security Act which has included coarse cereals in the country’s Public Distribution System (PDS), the paper also incorporates this latest policy in its analyses. A special focus is given to small millets, a group of species with unexploited economic and nutritional potential but extremely important for marginal communities’ food security and livelihoods. A set of policy recommendations and opportunities to explore are proposed to address the identified constraints with the purpose of creating a more supportive policy environment and enhancing the national capacity to promote NUS.     

美国宪法构造的历史逻辑及其宪政文化意义

一方面 ,美国宪法成长的历史轨迹充分反映了宪法发展的自我逻辑 ,并影响和规定了美国宪法的构造。美国宪法的架构是美国社会变迁的制度轨迹 ,其构造规定着美国的权力结构及其行使方式 ,蕴涵了权利至上的宪政理念 ,也塑造了美国独有的分权制衡模式并深刻地影响了西方的宪政架构。另一方面 ,美国宪法的成长有其深厚的社会基础 :以普通法为中心的自然法理念奠定了美国宪法成长的观念性基础 ;多元利益集团是美国宪法得以产生的社会结构基础 ;市场经济的发展对美国宪法的成长提供源源不断的动力。     

Beyond the agroecological and sustainable agricultural intensification debate: Is blended sustainability the way forward?

With the sustainable development goals has come a renewed global interest in ending hunger and achieving food security, while preventing natural resource degradation. Despite this renewed interest and increased commitments to invest in agricultural development, there is an outstanding debate over the technological trajectories to sustainability. The debate centres on sustainable agricultural intensification (SAI) and agroecological intensification (AEI) pathways to agricultural sustainability. Using a systematic literature review approach, this study examines the debate over AEI and SAI. This study employs a theoretical framework based on the economic, social, and ecological dimensions of sustainable agriculture within a policy and institutional space. Based on the sustainability dimensions, a discourse analytical technique is applied to unravel the debate. The results reveal differences in actor composition in the SAI and AEI pathways. Both pathways aim to promote food security with optimal and sustainable use of inputs; however, the actors differ on discourse relating to the concept of farming, the role of genetic engineering, the scale of operation, land use and soil health. Resolving these differences requires a blended sustainability approach that moves beyond the current AEI and SAI debate by acknowledging the tradeoffs and synergies of the socio-economic and ecological dimensions.     

Assessing qualitative similarities between financial reporting frameworks using visualization and rules: COREP vs. pillar 3

Financial institutions are struggling with larger volume, more specific and greater frequency of regulatory reporting after the global financial crisis in 2008, especially those that need to report to multiple jurisdictions. To help to improve reporting efficiency, this paper aims to assess the existence of similarities between templates related to credit and counter party credit risk of COREP and Pillar 3 regulatory reporting frameworks by applying Correspondence Analysis and Association Rules Mining. Our results suggest a high degree of overlap between these reporting frameworks, more prominently the three business functions as Front office, Finance and Risk. These patterns can be used as guidance for financial institutions to reshape their reporting architecture.     

系统性金融风险的历史考察与防范对策

深入学习习近平在中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会上的报告,在考察20世纪以来的12次金融危机的基础上,对系统性金融风险发生的根源进行了研究,并结合我国当前系统性金融风险面临的形势,提出了防范系统性金融风险的对策建议。研究表明,将过去100多年引发金融危机的系统性金融风险的根源与我国当前的金融形势进行比较分析,可以发现我国面临的系统性金融风险形势十分严峻,必须在党的领导下,采取打击金融腐败、适当收紧货币政策、完善金融监管体系、维护币值稳定、加强金融科技监管等相关政策来防止系统金融风险的发生。     

Career mentoring in context: A multilevel study on differentiated career mentoring and career mentoring climate

This study explores how supervisor career mentoring contributes to contemporary organizational career development, which strives to foster employees' promotability while strengthening their intention to stay. Specifically, we focus on the implications of career mentoring in team contexts. Applying a multilevel framework, we distinguish between individual‐level differentiated mentoring (i.e., an employee's mentoring perceptions as compared to those of other team members) and group‐level career mentoring climate (i.e., the average perception across all group members). In a workplace setting, we collected data from vocational job starters (N ranged from 230 to 290) and their company supervisors (N ranged from 56 to 68). We find that career mentoring climate positively relates to promotability, more so than differentiated career mentoring. Both career mentoring climate and differentiated career mentoring are positively related to the intention to stay. At the individual level, this relationship is mediated by job satisfaction. We discuss theoretical and practical implications of differentiated and group‐level mentoring.     

中日韩三国的公允价值计量属性比较研究——基于财务会计概念框架角度

作者在研究过程中,综述了公允价值计量属性的相关理论.在比较中日韩三国财务会计概念框架中,作者在公允价值计量属性表述的基础上,分析了中日韩三国之间的差异,提出中日韩会计准则制定机构在公允价值研究领域存在着区域性合作的共同课题,并就加强合作的路径安排提出了笔者的构想.     

浅析软件项目风险管理

软件项目的风险及其管理一直没有得到太多的重视,但它对软件项目的成功起着至关重要的作用。本文概述了软件项目的风险;在现有软件项目风险管理理论的基础上,提出了软件项目风险管理的三维理论框架;并对时间维、知识维和逻辑维进行综合探讨和分析,明确了这三维之间的关系;最后结合我国当前的社会环境和技术环境,提出了几项建议。     

“丝绸之路经济带”框架下的能源合作

通过对“丝绸之路经济带”线路及辐射区与能源合作线路对比分析,概述了能源合作与“丝绸之路经济带”框架下的经贸合作产业合作、互联互通、区域经济合作、金融合作四个方面的关联。并从国际地缘政治、经贸合作、强化国际能源合作机制等维度,归纳了“丝绸之路经济带”能源合作的重大战略意义。     

The effects of multilateral trading systems on risk and return in equity markets

The event study methodology of Brown and Warner (1985) is adopted and augmented to evaluate the effect of the launch of multilateral trading systems on risk and return in equity markets. The methodology is supplemented with various techniques, such as the nonparametric ranking test and kernel regression, to find out if announcements about the introduction of Chi-X Australia generated abnormal returns (ARs). Asset pricing models are fitted with interaction variables, while GARCH, threshold ARCH (TARCH), exponential GARCH (EGARCH) and power-ARCH (PARCH) are used to determine changes in systematic risk. We find evidence in favour of Fisher’s separation theorem and detect a new market anomaly, which we call the ‘Fisher market anomaly’. Our results show that Chi-X system testings affect ARs. Consistent with the adaptive expectations theory, we confirm that the first announcement about the launch of Chi-X affected systematic risk the most. In addition, we identify industry and firm effects in risk analysis.