Implementing reverse e-auctions: A learning process

Reverse e-auctions, which enable suppliers to compete on-line in real-time, are changing the way organizations select their suppliers. We explore how five large firms in different industries learned to use e-auctions, and how e-auctions were integrated into their purchasing processes. To successfully implement e-auctions, organizations should: (1) build e-auction competencies; (2) organize for knowledge management; (3) create a holistic sourcing process; (4) focus on the total cost of ownership; and (5) experiment with e-auction designs. Key observations are drawn from the case studies, and implications for supply managers are presented.     

Does success diminish competitive responsiveness? Reconciling conflicting perspectives

Previous research provides conflicting evidence of the association between the past performance of a business and its competitive responsiveness, with researchers observing both positive and negative relationships. To clarify this issue, the authors test a model using survey data from the retailing industry. The model delineates direct and indirect mediated paths through ability to respond, motivation to respond, and awareness of competitors’ actions to show how past performance can have both positive and negative influence on competitive responsiveness. However, the overall impact of past performance of an organization on its competitive responsiveness is positive. The implications of these findings for research, practice, and theory are discussed. Satish Jayachandran (satish@moore.sc.edu) is an assistant professor of marketing in the Moore School of Business at the University of South Carolina. His research interests are focused on issues related to the market responsiveness of firms. His research has been published in theJournal of Marketing and theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science. He was a recipient of the Harold H. Maynard Award for 2001 from theJournal of Marketing. He was nominated a young scholar by the Marketing Science Institute in 2003. Rajan Varadarajan (varadarajan@tamu.edu) is Distinguished Professor of Marketing and holder of the Ford Chair in marketing and e-commerce at Texas A & M University. His teaching and research interests are in the areas of strategy, international marketing, and e-commerce. His research on these topics has been published in theJournal of Marketing, theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, theAcademy of Management Journal, Strategic Management Journal, Sloan Management Review, California Management Review, Business Horizons, theJournal of Business Research, and other journals.     

Static and dynamic efficiency of pollution control strategies

A great deal of the economic literature on pollution control strategies concentrates on the efficiency of environmental policy instruments. Most analytical studies in this field show that market instruments are more efficient with respect to the cost of pollution abatement of a given number of polluters than non-market instruments. According to several analytical studies, market instruments should also be more efficient with respect to innovation in pollution abatement equipment than non-market instruments. In the empirical literature a great number of case studies exist with estimations of the savings of abatement costs of market instruments in a situation without technological progress. Empirical studies about the impact of environmental policy market instruments on the abatement costs in situations with technological progress are lacking.The purpose of this paper is to fill this gap. The paper deals with an empirical estimation of abatement costs for the emission of SO₂ of coal-fired electricity units in the Netherlands from 1985 to 2000. First, the working of market instruments and non-market instruments (the existing environmental policy of the Dutch government) is simulated in a static situation. Second, we analyse the learning effects of flue gas desulphurization. The efficiency advantage of market instruments turns out to be larger in a situation of technological progress than in a static situation.     

马铃薯在中国传播的技术及社会经济分析

本文从生物、技术及社会经济的角度考证马铃薯在中国传播的过程，重点对传播条件和传播障碍进行阐述，分析了20世纪中国的社会变迁和科技进步对马铃薯传播的影响，并进一步讨论马铃薯扩种对我国粮食生产和社会生活的作用。     

激发大学生英语学习动机提高大学生英语学习效果

大学生英语学习动机对英语学习效果有积极影响.教师应重视激发学生的英语学习动机.     

Competitive decision making: Two and a half frames

We argue that the study of competitive decision making has been heavily influenced by the frames of reference that are adopted by researchers. The dominant economic frame and the emergent behavioral frame describe largely separate phenomena and have little overlap. Drawing from examples of learning in games and markets, we show how each of these frames falls short of capturing some interesting elements in competitive decisions. We then describe how a coevolutionary perspective may be emerging as an integrative paradigm for the study of competitive decisions.This paper was prepared for the conference, Understanding Competitive Decision Making. Comments by the participants of that conference and Paul Shoemaker are gratefully acknowledged, as are discussions with Colin Camerer, Eldar Shafir, and Sharoni Shafir.     

党校函授教育学员学习风格分析与教育教学策略选择

本文通过对党校函授学员学习风格展开问卷调查及对问卷结果实施科学的统计分析,明确了党校函授学员的认知特征和学习风格,论述了学习风格与学习业绩、学习风格与学习能力之间的关联,提出党校应当基于函授学员的学习风格确立有效的教育教学策略.     

Research on Generation Mechanism of Technical Innovation

Technical advancement includes technology generation, diffusion and aggregation. This paper focuses on researching the mechanism of technology generation from the viewpoint of technology cycle, and the source spring of the generation of the innovation based on technology is scientific discovery. The technical perfection and secondary innovation are determined by the pulling force of demand, unbalanced inducement mechanism and profit. Standardized innovation is the sign of technology mature stage, the limit in demand and supply of technology drives the technical innovation into lag phase.     

青藏铁路施工与环境保护

文章详细介绍了青藏铁路施工对环境保护的影响,指出了强化青藏铁路环境保护工作的意义,提出了青藏铁路环境保护工作的主要内容和应当采取的措施,阐述了将青藏铁路真正建成21世纪的世界屋脊的环保型铁路的实施要点。     

对GB／T 13361—92《技术制图 通用术语》中部分定义的一些意见

就《技术制图与机械制图》中的几个“通用术语”,如投影与视图、轴测投影与轴测图等,从原理上发表自己的一些看法,提出修改意见,指出了该标准中的一些不足之处。