浅谈技术创新对我国国际贸易的影响

随着国际贸易和科技的相互促进与发展,在当今的时代,技术创新对国际贸易的影响越来越明显。其主要表现在技术创新可以诱发产业结构升级,促进国际分工深化,提高国际贸易产品的竞争优势,改进我国国际贸易产品结构,提高国际贸易的效率和效益等方面。     

建设用地扩张对经济持续增长能力影响

首先从索罗增长模型出发分析表示经济持续增长能力的关键指标,其次通过1998—2008年中国省际面板数据回归分析建设用地规模对相关关键指标影响,以推出建设用地扩张对经济持续增长能力影响。结果表明:①索罗增长模型中单位资本产出水平是考量经济持续增长能力的重要指标,其决定经济增长率与增长空间;②面板计量结果中1998—2008年间中国建设用地数量对单位资本产出水平有显著负影响,说明期间建设用地扩张减小经济增长率与增长空间。研究认为,在经济转型期中国应严控建设用地扩张,以减小经济增长对土地资源依赖程度,进而促进技术进步,倒逼经济增长方式转变。     

The niponic management of human resources in the performance of the enterprises in the Iberian Peninsula

This article had an objective of studying the niponic management of human resources in the performance of the enterprises that work in the Iberian Peninsula. The search was to evaluate the competition in these enterprises when the niponic management of human resources was used. There were two used data base： one with an economic nature treating the performance of productivity in an enterprise economic view, of salary and technologic, and the other about the niponic management of human resources adopted by the enterprises using an list of questions. Through statistic evaluations it was verified that the competition between enterprises with niponic capital, it＇s not induced by the economic competition, and the same enterprises used competitive strategies based on the qualification of the human resources and technological process.     

改革开放以来中国企业技术融合模式的演进

技术融合是企业技术创新活动中的基本行为,它是技术引进的后续环节,对提升企业的技术能力有着重要的作用。技术融合是技术学习的过程,是从技术引进到自主创新的过渡环节。改革开放以来,中国企业的技术发展经历了由引进到创新的过渡。这个过程中,技术融合起着重要的作用。30多年来,中国企业的技术融合模式发生了阶段性的变化,本文从技术融合的相关理论入手,分析了30年来我国企业技术融合的演变模式,分析了不同技术融合模式下的问题。     

生产性服务业的质与量对制造业的溢出效应研究—来自OECD国家的随机前沿方法的分析

本文用随机前沿生产函数方法对ＯＥＣＤ国家１９８９～２００８年间面板数据分析,得到生产性服务的质量因素可以显著解释无效率项,而数量因素则不能,且生产性服务对制造业产出增长的贡献度比科布—道格拉斯生产函数所估计的值高１２％ ～１３％。得出结论为：生产性服务对制造业的溢出效应由技术、知识密集度代表的质量因素和劳动占比代表的数量因素共同影响。故产业政策的制定需促进生产性服务质与量共同发展。     

长三角区域科技创新体系的特点及其启示

在区域科技创新能力方面,长三角地区两省一市位居我国前列,属于创新能力较强的省市。基于此,文章重点分析了长三角区域两省一市科技创新体系的具体特点,以期给我国其他地区建设创新型省市提供经验借鉴.     

区域科技计划中的中央与地方科技资源整合

分析了我国中央属科技资源在区域创新系统中所具有的优势地位,以及影响中央与地方科技资源整合效率的主要原因,探讨了以区域科技计划整合中央与地方科技资源的可行性,并从制定程序和加强项目管理两个方面,提出了利用区域科技计划整合中央与地方科技资源的具体措施。     

MNC foreign investment and industrial disasters: The moderating role of technological,safety management,and philanthropic capabilities

Research Summary: We investigate how industrial disasters can discourage FDI and how MNCs' technological, safety management, and philanthropic capabilities can moderate these effects. Using two unique panel data sets of entry and expansion of U.S. wholly‐owned manufacturing subsidiaries overseas, we found that industrial disasters are associated with reduced foreign entry of wholly‐owned subsidiaries in the disaster industry, but not for all firms in the host country experiencing the disaster. We also found that MNCs' technological, safety management, and philanthropic capabilities can, in some cases, positively moderate the negative relationships between industrial disasters and the foreign entry and expansion of wholly‐owned subsidiaries. Additionally, three‐way interactions with government stability suggest that technological and safety management capabilities substitute government stability in managing industrial disasters, while philanthropic capability complements government stability. Managerial Summary: How can MNCs' technological, safety management, and philanthropic capabilities overcome the effects of industrial disasters such as chemical spills and explosions in host countries? Our results show that industrial disasters are associated with reduced foreign entry of wholly‐owned subsidiaries in the industry in which the industrial disaster occurs, but not for other firms operating in the country experiencing the disaster. However, an MNC's technological capability can, in general, lower the negative consequences of industrial disasters in both the entry and expansion of its wholly‐owned subsidiaries. Regarding the institutional quality of a host country, the results imply that MNCs should develop philanthropic capability when the government stability of the host country is strong, and develop technological and safety management capabilities when the government stability is weak.     

芬兰科技创新之路及对我国西部大开发的启示

在全球信息科技革命浪潮中,芬兰通过重视发展教育和对科技人才的培养、加大研发投入对科技自主创新的支持,迅速地从上世纪初落后的农业国而快速发展成为1960年代经济、科技高度发达的高福利制国家,同时在2003年之后又超过美国成为世界最具竞争力的经济体,被誉为"芬兰奇迹".当前,我国西部地区与芬兰经济腾飞前有许多相似之处.文章主要分析了芬兰走科技创新之路的前提,阐述了其高科技发展战略及相应举措,重点探讨了主要科技创新领域的发展现状,最后,结合我国当前的西部大开发提出了一些启示.     

Employer-provided training,innovation and skills in post-Soviet countries

This paper analyzes the extent of employer-provided training in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Ukraine and investigates its relationship with innovation, having international business contacts, use of computers at work, reported skills shortages and other firm characteristics. It contributes to the literature by examining different types of training – initial on-the-job learning, more formal in-house training and external training, which is provided by firms to two categories of workers – white- and blue-collar workers. After controlling for a range of firm characteristics, we find a positive link between technological innovation and intensity of training of all types provided to white-collar workers that points to the technology-skills complementarity. Furthermore, the level of computer use at work is a significant determinant of the incidence and intensity of external training provided to white-collar and blue-collar workers.