宽带短波技术在测量船中的应用

针对现有岸船短波通信系统存在的数据传输速率低、多业务支持能力弱等问题，提出了一种宽带岸船短波通信系统。在应用数字调制技术和正交频分复用(OFDM)技术后，系统接收机灵敏度由-74 dBW降到了-91 dBW，数据传输率由9 kbit/s提升为50 kbit/s。对宽带岸船短波通信系统与其他岸船通信系统的多网融合潜力进行了分析，为新一代岸船通信网的建立提供了思路。     

黄浦江两岸游憩空间意象比较研究

基于城市意象理论,采用网络文本分析法对黄浦江两岸游憩空间结构性意象与独特性意象进行比较研究,以推动黄浦江两岸旅游意象塑造,促进两岸协同发展。结果显示:各具特色的意象元素使黄浦江西岸形成了历史文化景观,东岸形成了现代都市景观,整体意象感知由核心区向周围衰减;意象五要素在两岸空间意象构成中的作用强度不同,标志物和区域是两岸公共主导意象要素,西岸道路要素可意象度高于东岸,共享边界黄浦江是两岸意象形成的基本参照系;文化内涵是西岸特色意象形成的基调,现代服务功能是东岸特色意象形成的关键。基于以上研究,对黄浦江两岸游憩空间意象塑造、品质提升及协同发展提出相关建议。     

一种基于视觉感知的舰船目标智能化识别方法

为有效识别视觉系统采集的可见光图像中的舰船目标，提出了基于YOLO（You Only Look Once）网络模型改进的10层的卷积神经网络（Convolutional Neural Network,CNN）用于水面舰船目标的智能识别，通过反卷积的方法可视化CNN中不同卷积层提取到的舰船目标特征。按照传统目标识别方法提取了舰船目标的四类典型人工设计特征，将所提CNN的舰船目标识别结果与YOLO网络模型及四类人工设计特征结合支持向量机用于舰船目标识别的结果进行比较。实验结果表明，与YOLO网络模型相比，综合精确率、召回率和效率3个舰船目标识别的性能指标，改进后的CNN性能更好，从而验证了所提方法的有效性。不同数据量下采用典型特征识别舰船目标与基于深度CNN识别舰船目标的识别结果比较说明了不同类型目标识别算法的优劣势，有利于推动综合性视觉感知框架的构建。     

Residents,their use of a tourist facility and contribution to tourist ambience: Narratives from a film tourism site in Beijing

Any tourist site open to local residents represents a point where residents and tourists become a back drop for the experiences of the other. This paper examines a specific Beijing film tourism attraction, Grand View Gardens, and the manner in which the site is used by local residents, the meanings attributed to it, and residents' role in creating an ambience for tourists. Residents have a daily connection with the site, and form audiences for events held at the Gardens. They often interact with tourists, becoming a source of information for tourists. The paper examines residents' motives for using such attractions, their attitudes towards tourists and suggests they possess a role in the creation of a sense of place that is valued by tourists. The paper fills a gap in an under-researched area, where, in the Chinese context, both residents and visitors form backdrops to each other's experience of place.     

Earmarking conservation: Further inquiry on scope effects in stated preference methods applied to nature-based tourism

The way people assign value to nature conservation policies has important implications for management choices. Economic valuation surveys are affected by individual behavioural patterns that are not exhaustively explained by traditional sources of bias such as embedding, flagship species, fixed-budget, commodity misspecification and warm glows. Through a Contingent Valuation study of Alpine wildlife, we use an external scope test to evaluate the difference in willingness to pay among tourists for conservation policies targeted either to the ibex alone, or to the four ungulates populating the Gran Paradiso National Park in Northwest Italy (ibex, red deer, roe deer, chamois). We find that park users are willing to contribute significantly more to policies protecting one of the four ungulates than all four of them, a result that we argue should be ascribed to pure aversion to less specific policy objectives, i.e. to a preference for punctual earmarking of resources devoted to conservation.     

How feasible is coastal management? A social benefit analysis of a coastal destination in SW Spain

Very few assessments of the beach recreational experience value have been made in Spain. This is both surprising and discouraging considering the importance of sun-and-sand tourism to the country. The present study applies the Travel Cost Method (TCM) to assess the non-market user value of three Atlantic beaches in southern Spain. The results reveal that there are statistically significant differences in visitor type by season and by beach. Calculations show that the socioeconomic benefits generated by one hectare of any of the studied beaches during the high season are one order of magnitude greater than the average annual amount of capital invested in coastal management projects and actions. It is apparent that expenditure on management strategies for the beaches of Cadiz is justified. Policy-makers should recognise that the consumer surplus is an important component of economic value because it represents a measure of social benefits rather than on-site expenditures alone.     

三峡升船机齿条、螺母柱一期埋件安装

三峡升船机是目前世界上规模最大和技术难度最高的升船机,为保证升船机设备安装、调试的顺利施工和安全运行,对升船机埋件(齿条、螺母柱等)的安装精度提出了远超一般埋件的要求。同时在埋件设计的各个方面采取了一定的措施,设置了三期埋件来逐级保证最终升船机的安装精度。本文通过对具有代表性的螺母柱一期埋件安装的一些措施介绍了如何保证一期埋件的精度,进而保证二期、三期埋件的安装质量。     

基于消费者娱乐休闲行为的RBD建设方向探讨——以长沙市为例

RBD建设是城市发展的重要研究课题,而分析城市的娱乐休闲消费行为,是合理规划建设RBD的重要途径。采用理论演绎法和现象归纳法得出生活形态、娱乐休闲态度、娱乐休闲行为、娱乐休闲场所选择的影响因素等变量体系,以长沙市RBD区域为调查对象,用大样本随机抽样调查方式获得基础数据,对生活形态和娱乐休闲态度进行聚类回归分析得到消费者类群,结合娱乐休闲消费行为进行类群命名;对娱乐休闲场所选择影响因素进行因子分析得到主要因子,与消费者类群进行对应分析揭示对应关系,基于研究结果提出RBD建设方向。     

中国当前农村公共文化设施供给:问题识别及原因分析——基于河南嵩县的实证调查

城乡统筹战略的提出标志着我国农村公共物品供给发展进入了一个新的阶段。作为公共物品的一部分,农村文化供给也明显增加。但是总量的增加并不意味着结构的改善和效率的提升。本文利用河南省嵩县调查数据,重点对我国新形势下的农村公共文化设施供需结构和供给效率进行了研究。结果表明,目前农村公共文化供给存在较为明显的供需结构失衡和供给无效等问题。造成结构失衡的主要原因在于供给的自上而下,供给无效则与干群关系恶化、农民需求表达、农民自身特点存在着密切相关的关系。     

基于客体感知的人工生态游憩地评价及开发策略——以成都市浣花溪为例

人工生态游憩地建设的成功与否基于其对游憩者吸引力大小,吸引力大小取决于游憩地本身的品质和能否符合游憩者需求。选择成都市的浣花溪作为人工生态游憩地样本,采用问卷调查分析方法,进行基于客体感知的人工生态游憩者评价。结果表明:游憩动机体现游憩者效益最大化原则;活动感知表明主体与客体具有相对一致性;吸引力因素中感知偏好最强烈是环境品质;满意度感知影响购买意愿;重游率是感知评价的结果。以此为依据,提出了了解游憩者动机,重视环境质量、稳定客源市场、克服游憩障碍、重视游憩者满意度评价等人工生态游憩地可持续发展的开发策略。