印度知识产权管理及科研机构技术转移政策初探

印度建有比较完善的知识产权法律体系。本文介绍了印度知识产权法律制度、管理机构以及专利发布渠道，并以印度科学与工业研究理事会、印度农业研究理事会、坎普尔理工大学、孟买理工大学、印度科学学院等著名研究机构和大学为例，介绍了印度科研机构和高等院校的知识产权政策和管理规定。     

农村土地生产要素市场化内涵辨析及建设性思考

文章从法律和经济学视角对农村土地生产要素市场化中的关系问题展开分析，以此揭示农村土地生产要素市场化的内涵，分析农村土地生产要素市场化的特殊性。明晰农民产权、依法保障农民土地承包经营权是农村土地要素市场化的根基，这有益于保障农民的主体权益，有助于维护农村土地要素市场秩序，有利于提高农业生产效率。     

从产业转移到产业集群形成的微观机理研究

产业转移与厂商重新选择厂址是连在一起的。多数厂商选择同一区位就可能导致产业的空间集聚,最终形成产业集群。从研究厂商选址到产业空间集聚的微观机理出发,深入研究厂商选址与产业集群的关系,揭示产业转移的内在原因,并从中得到我国如果实现产业转移的启示。     

高管更换与经理人市场有效性

从控制权转移、经营业绩、股东财富与高管更换关系的角度回顾了国内外关于高管更换的研究文献,并从理论性障碍与技术性障碍两个方面指出了这一领域研究中的困难。     

光照水电站左岸帷幕灌浆试验区成果探析

通过左岸灌浆试验区项目施工，论证光照水电站两岸地层施工采用小孔径钻孔、自上而下分段、不待凝、孔口封闭、孔内循环的高压灌浆工艺的可行性，论证经过灌浆处理后的防渗能力，确定适宜的灌浆材料和较优的浆液配合比，并推荐合理的施工程序，提出有效的钻灌方法及合理的灌浆参数。     

产业区域转移粘性分析

中国区域经济二元结构特征,使不同区域形成了明显的发展差距.按照区域梯度理论应该发生的先发区域边际产业向后发区域的大规模转移,却没有按照预期的发生.文章通过对产业区域转移粘性的分析,寻找制约产业区域转移的原因,从而为实现区域经济协调发展提供实践参考.     

Why India is mainly engaged in offshore service activities,while China is disproportionately engaged in manufacturing?

We extend the model of Antràs and Helpman (Antràs, P., Helpman, E., 2004. Global Sourcing. Journal of Political Economy 112(3), 552–580) by incorporating the merits of Zhang and Markusen (Zhang, K.H., Markusen, J.R., 1999. Vertical Multinationals and Host-country Characteristics. Journal of Development Economics 59(2), 233–252.) to demonstrate why China has been so successful in disproportionately attracting foreign offshore manufacturing activities, while India has been engaged mainly in offshore service activities. We argue that the host country's industry-specific technology capabilities make the difference in FDI composition between China and India. In addition to incomplete contract frictions, the host country's technological capabilities, which affect technology transfer costs, are essential to FDI inflows. We also find that, after excluding overseas Chinese investment, India is almost on par with China in terms of the market size it offers to marketing-seeking FDI.     

DOMESTIC AND INTERNATIONAL INNOVATION PARTNERSHIPS: DO THEY MATTER FOR INNOVATION OUTCOMES OF SOUTH AFRICAN FIRMS?

This paper studies the impact of the diversity of domestic and international innovation partnerships on the innovation outcomes of South African firms. A number of competing hypotheses are formulated and tested empirically using a sample of South African firms in manufacturing and services by applying Ordinary Least Squares regression analyses. Results show that having an innovation partnership, particularly an international partnership, is beneficial to innovation outcomes. However, it also emerges that too diverse a set of international partnerships is detrimental to innovation outcomes. The paper concludes with a discussion and a number of proposals for future research.     

Transfer or localize? International reward and compensation practices of South Korean multinational enterprises in China

International reward and compensation has received little academic attention, but past research was mainly conducted in advanced Western economies. This study explores the extent to which multinational enterprises (MNEs) from an emerging economy, South Korea, transfer reward and compensation practices from business headquarters to a transitional economy, China and the determining factors for transfer. Using a qualitative approach to analysing 10 South Korean MNEs in China, this study reveals that the sample companies adopt home-oriented focal reward and compensation policies and practices (including base pay and performance-based pay) and an integrative approach to peripheral components (including allowances and benefits) for expatriates. However, the companies adopt an integrative approach to focal components of reward and compensation and a localized approach to peripheral components for host country nationals (HCNs). These findings indicate that Korean MNEs adopt different approaches to reward and compensation for expatriates and HCNs, as well as to focal and peripheral components of reward and compensation practices. The transfer of reward and compensation is due to the dominance effect resulting from the fact that the home economy is relatively more advanced than the host economy. On the one hand, the tendency to localize reward and compensation results from contextual differences between host and home nations, such as economic development, living costs and compensation traditions.     

关于完善我国财政转移支付的探讨

有关实证研究表明,我国财政转移支付可以通过均衡地方政府财力缩小地区差距。然而,不断加大力度的财政转移支付功效尚嫌不足,还存在一些亟待解决的问题。完善我国财政转移支付可采取的措施包括:明确各级政府的事权与财权;健全有关法律法规体系和监督机制;进一步扩大转移支付规模,优化转移支付结构;统一转移支付分配标准,推广因素法;规范专项转移支付管理方式;切实推进省对下转移支付改革。