汇率制度:变迁轨迹与经济绩效

通过对汇率制度变迁下实际汇率水平、内外部均衡目标的实证研究发现:钉住一揽子货币制度能较好的实现内部均衡目标,经济绩效显著;相对浮动汇率制度在内部均衡目标实现方面的经济绩效不显著,却能有效的促进外部均衡目标的实现;固定汇率制度能促进内部均衡目标的实现,国内经济绩效显著,却不能有效促进外部均衡目标的实现。我国汇率制度的变迁揭示,汇率变化要与国内经济结构和市场能力相适应。当前人民币升值虽然是趋势,但要循序渐进缓步推进,给予国内经济结构和出口行业留有转型时间和空间。我国均衡汇率的逐步形成,需要实现国内经济绩效和国际经济绩效的协调同步,才能实现经济可持续发展。     

美国政府审计人员角色对我国绩效审计的启示

我国的“审计风暴”暴露了政府资金使用效率问题，为此，我国的政府审计应转向绩效审计。美国是绩效审计发展比较成熟的国家之一，其政府审计人员履行诸多角色，包括查证所报告绩效信息的可靠性和有效性、积极协助管理者建立和使用绩效评价体系、利用现有的绩效计量方法对所审计部门进行评价完成验证工作等。借鉴美国经验，我国构建绩效审计应建立相关的绩效审计准则，转变管理层和审计人员的观念，提高审计人员素质。     

The evolution of consumer knowledge and sources of information: Hungary in transition

The authors’ research in Hungary during the period of transition to a market economy provides an opportunity to examine the evolving relationships between consumer product knowledge and its antecedents, including advertising, personal search, interpersonal sources, and brand experience. Their findings, based on survey data collected in Budapest in 1992 and 1998, indicate that the market information variables explain more variance in consumer knowledge later rather than earlier in the transition. Advertising is an important predictor of consumer knowledge later but not earlier in the transition, personal search is important at both times, and interpersonal sources are not important in either time period; brand experience is negatively related to knowledge earlier in the transition and positively related later in the transition. This study allows one to begin to understand the boundary conditions associated with studies conducted in developed economies. Managerial implications for firms investing in transitional economies are presented. Robin A. Coulter (robin.coulter@business.uconn.edu) is Ackerman Scholar and an associate professor of marketing in the School of Business at the University of Connecticut. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Pittsburgh. Her research interests include branding, cross-cultural consumer behavior, advertising, and research methods. Her work has appeared in theJournal of Consumer Research, the Journal of Consumer Psychology, theJournal of Applied Psychology, and theInternational Journal of Research in Marketing. Linda L. Price (llprice@email.arizona.edu) is Soldwedel Professor of Marketing in the Eller School of Management at the University of Arizona. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Texas at Austin. Her research combines qualitative and quantitative methodologies to examine the active, emotional, imaginative aspects of consumers’ decisions and activities, and the social and cultural context of marketplace behaviors. Her work has appeared in theJournal of Consumer Research, Journal of Marketing, and other leading marketing, management, and social science journals. Lawrence Feick (feick@katz.pitt.edu) is a professor of business administration in the Katz Graduate School of Business at the University of Pittsburgh. He received his Ph.D. from Pennsylvania State University. His current research focuses on cross-cultural consumer behavior, consumer word-of-mouth, and referrals. His work has appeared in the Journal of Marketing, theJournal of Marketing Research, the Journal of Consumer Research, Psychological Bulletin, andPublic Opinion Quarterly. Camelia Micu (camelia.micu@business.uconn.edu) is a marketing doctoral candidate at the University of Connecticut. Her research interests include advertising and product trial and cross-cultural consumer behavior.     

Using a customer-Level marketing strategy to enhance firm performance: A review of theoretical and empirical evidence

It is becoming increasingly apparent from the literature that marketers need to consider customer-level information when they generate a marketing strategy for the firm. In this article, the authors develop a customer-focused framework that uses a marketing strategy with an overall objective of maximized financial performance. This strategy is driven by seven customer-level marketing tactics and shows how actual customer data can be used to generate an actionable marketing strategy leading to optimal levels of profitability, customer equity, and shareholder value. In addition, the authors discuss a successful implementation of this strategy for several business-to-business and business-to-consumer firms and offer insights as to how to customize an implementation strategy for any firm, along with presenting potential challenges a firm may encounter during the implementation process. Several suggestions for future research are offered to explore and harness this newly available evidence. V. Kumar (VK) (vk@business.uconn.edu) is the ING Chair Professor of Marketing and the executive director of the ING Center for Financial Services at the University of Connecticut. He spends his time by transferring his knowledge (however little it may be) to his two daughters about customer lifetime value, diffusion models, forecasting sales and market share, retailing, and marketing strategy. J. Andrew Petersen (apetersen@business.uconn.edu) is a doctoral candidate in marketing at the University of Connecticut. His research interests include customer lifetime value, word-of-mouth effects, and customer-level marketing strategy. His research has been published inMarketing Research Magazine and theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science.     

增加证券市场透明度不一定改善市场质量

近年来 ,基于增加市场透明度将促进市场效率及公平的信念 ,许多证券监管当局试图建立高度透明甚至完全透明的证券市场。然而 ,我们的研究表明 ,增加透明度并不一定改善市场质量 ,其对市场效率与投资者福利影响十分复杂 ,监管当局应当根据市场特征建立适度透明而不是过度透明的信息披露制度 ,同时需要采取措施规制基于强制信息披露的市场操纵行为。     

目标设置与任务绩效的关系研究

目标激励在现代管理中应用得非常广泛,目标的明确度和难度与绩效的关系是目标设置研究领域的重要课题.实验表明,有明确的目标和没有明确的目标对绩效水平的影响不显著;目标难度和绩效水平正相关,两者的关系曲线表现为逐渐上升的波浪型曲线.     

中国创业投资业的产业组织研究——基于SCP范式的中美创投业比较分析

本文运用现代产业组织中的SCP范式,从创业投资机构角度具体测算了中美两国市场集中度、进入与退出壁垒、产品差异化、组织结构等因素对创业投资业市场结构的影响,并通过中美两国创业投资管理运作行为、投资行业和阶段的选择、产品定价行为的比较,得出其对市场绩效的影响以及结构、行为、绩效之间的互动关系。结果表明,现阶段我国创业投资业未获得较高的报酬水平,尚未形成垄断竞争的市场格局。短期内制约了市场行为,又决定了市场绩效。长期中三者应是双向因果关系。美国创业投资业在市场结构的培育、市场行为的规范中确有众多值得我国学习之处。     

循环型城市建设绩效评价指标体系研究

根据循环型城市的内涵,构建循环型城市建设绩效评价的DSR模型及评价指标体系,分析了城市经济发展、资源减量利用、污染物减量排放、资源再利用和资源环境安全等对循环型城市建设绩效的贡献机理。结果表明GDP增长、资源减量利用等指标贡献率较高,而与城市生态环境相关指标贡献率相对较低,城市居民的决策意识亟待转变。最后提出了加快循环型城市建设进程的政策建议。     

战略人力资源管理研究的新进展

战略人力资源管理理论兴起于20世纪80年代中后期,经过二十余年来的发展,该领域不断地丰富,在战略人力资源开发、战略国际人力资源管理、绩效研究三个方向取得了新的进展,本文对此三个方向的理论研究进行了梳理,为进一步研究战略人力资源管理理论奠定了基础。     

科技成果推广转化特点及其绩效的评价方法

科技成果推广转化绩效评价对建立创新型国家有重要意义.本文论述了科技成果推广转化的特点及推广转化绩效的评价方法.建立了评价指标体系,特别提出了资源节约的评价指标并提出了该评价指标对创建节约型社会的重要意义.