The Exogamic Nature of Sino-Foreign Joint Ventures

The paper suggests that Sino-foreign joint ventures areexogamicpartnerships. Three hypotheses were formulated: (1) partners pool differentiated sets of idiosyncratic and non-substitutable resources into their joint ventures; (2) they establish cooperation to gain access to resources provided by their counterparts; (3) the younger the partnership, the less the partners contribute with idiosyncratic resources. A questionnaire investigation was conducted into 67 Sino-foreign joint ventures. The test for H1 clearly demonstrated that each partner pools very different resources into the joint venture. H2 was also clearly supported by the data collected. However, H3 was weakly supported.     

TJ药物研究院工资改革问题研究

TJ药物研究院现行工资制度存在着与单位改制不适应、不支持战略目标的实现、激励机制不足、科技人员收入高但工资风险过大等问题。按照建立现代企业收入分配制度的要求,适应改制和科研、产业、经营（科工贸）三业并举发展战略的需要,从有利于继续搞活、做大市场、保护积极性和促进发展出发,工资改革方案应以“按岗位定酬、按技术定酬、按绩效付酬”为主线设计;同时要从实际出发,把握好改革的政策和策略。     

“Watch that Space! The County Hierarchy in Firm Births and Deaths in the UK, 1980–1999”

The paper investigates the relationships between registrations, de-registrations and population density at county level in the UK using VAT data for 20 years over the period 1980–1999. The rationale for this is based on the need to understand how the extent to which, in different parts of the UK, differences in the relationship between birth rates and death rates combine to produce an interpretable pattern in net birth rates. The analysis of the net birth rate shows that a strategy aimed at the net birth rate might, in principle, just as well aim at reducing business failure, rather than raising the birth rate. Indeed this might be more efficient, since it implies that less start-ups are “wasted^” as it would avoid the necessity, if targets are to be reached, of encouraging those individuals who are patently unsuited to running their own business into business ownership.     

从跨文化角度谈英语谚语的翻译

每一则谚语背后都隐含有其民族文化的内容,在跨文化的视野下分析探讨英语谚语的汉译,必须在搞懂弄通英汉两种语言文化背景的基础上,吃透英汉谚语的文化内涵、民族特征,应用一定的翻译技巧——以直译为主的方法和以意译为主的方法,力求减少信息失真,尽量达到信息对等,让译文读者享受到与原文读者一样的信息,使跨越英汉两种文化的交际得以顺利开展,实现跨文化交际的最终目标。     

商业银行知识产权专利与创新策略研究

随着信息网络技术的快速发展，技术创新成为当代金融创新的主要动力，提高商业银行创新能力，并把创新成果转化为专利保护，是金融企业真正的不断增长的利润。针对目前国内商业银行在创新和知识产权专利保护方面存在的重视程度不够，专利保护体系和激励机制有待完善，信息反馈渠道不畅，专利保护意识薄弱以及投入不足等问题，本文提出了相关对策：建立相应的知识产权专利组织、制度和操作流程；建立创新体系，实行全面创新管理；做好培训宣传，提高员工创新能力和专利知识水平；建立专用基金，对创新和专利者实施激励；重视创新及专利的质量。     

A demand‐based perspective on sustainable competitive advantage

We develop an approach to analyzing the sustainability of competitive advantage that emphasizes demand‐side factors. We extend the added‐value approach to business strategy by introducing an explicit treatment of how firms create value for consumers. This allows us to characterize how consumer heterogeneity and marginal utility from performance improvements on the demand side interact with resource heterogeneity and improving technologies on the supply side. Using this approach, we address a variety of questions including whether technology substitutions will be permanent or transitory; the sequence in which new technologies attack different market segments; how rents from different types of resources change over time; whether decreasing marginal utility and imitation give rise to similar rent profiles; the extent of synergies within a firm's resource portfolio; the emergence of new generic strategies; and the conditions that support strategic diversity in a market. Our focus on consumer utility and value creation complements the traditional focus in the strategy literature on competition and value capture. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

论外语写作的错误及纠错策略

从认知角度看,英语学习过程主要涉及语言理解和语言产出.写作作为一项产出技能在英语教学中占有十分重要的地位.写作教学既可以巩固学生已学过的语言知识,又能够发展他们的语言技能.外语学习者在写作过程中出现语言错误是必然的现象,传统的“有错必纠”外语写作教学方法在教学实践中并没有达到预期的教学目的,采用新的写作教学策略势在必行.     

Marketing strategies for hotels

The aims of this article are to investigate the application of hotel marketing strategies by independent vs group (chain) hotels and to investigate comparatively the performance — along a number of criteria — of these two types of hotel organisation.The study presents in detail the main stages in developing a hotel marketing strategy and a taxonomy of the 9 major strategies available for hotels, discussing their features, characteristics and when appropriate for application.Any meaningful analysis of hotel marketing should be based on the marketing strategies employed by the individual establishment and group/chain organisation. No doubt effective selling of hotels' products and services depends to a large extent on the marketing strategies selected. As the market for hotels' services is dynamic and accompanied by rapid changes in the environment due to uncertain economic conditions, increased competition, advancement in technology, and inflation, increased attention will be given by hotels in the future to the selection of an appropriate marketing strategy.     

Context Variables as Cognitive Effort Modulators in Decision Making Using an Alternative-Based Processing Strategy

This paper examines how a number of decision context variables affect the cognitive effort required for decision making on dichotomical choice tasks. Subjects are trained in the use of a strategy in which information processing is alternative-based. The correlation between the attributes of the alternatives and the mean and variance of the difference between the attributes is manipulated. The results show that the effort needed for decision making increases as the mean of the differences decreases. Yet, neither the variance of the differences nor the correlation context affect the decision making effort in this type of strategies.     

纺织英语的语言特点及其翻译

随着我国对外经济交流活动日趋频繁,国际竞争也日益激烈,我国纺织企业对自身的要求也在不断的提升。英语在纺织企业的贸易合作中起到至关重要的作用。本文分析纺织英语的语言特点,并介绍纺织英语的翻译策略及相关注意事项。