Consumption smoothing in Russia1

Using a panel from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (1994–2004), this paper investigates to what extent Russian households have been able to maintain their living standards while suffering income shocks. Consumption smoothing is modelled by means of an equilibrium correction mechanism, which disentangles short‐run dynamics and long‐run equilibrium adjustments. GMM estimation is used to control for individual household effects in the presence of dynamics. Additionally, we differentiate between food and non‐food consumption, positive and negative shocks, rural and urban areas, and several levels of poverty risk. We find that dynamics are important in the consumption equation, and that estimates are sensitive to imputation errors in home food production. No strong claims can be made regarding heterogeneity in smoothing behaviour.     

Why sustainable and ‘nutritionally correct’ food is not on the agenda: Western Sydney,the moral arts of everyday life and public policy

Within a context of delivering food security into the future, dietary guidelines are being reframed, corporations are replacing unsustainable products, and consumers are being encouraged to become ecological citizens. While there is a growing literature on the food practices of ‘alternative’ consumers, ‘mainstream’ consumers are less well understood. This paper describes qualitative research undertaken in a socio-economically disadvantaged area of Sydney, Australia, which aimed to uncover consumer views towards sustainable and healthy diets. Most participants indicated a discrepancy between their desired and actual behaviours: while they want to support Australian, or local, food producers they gravitate towards cheap and tasty food from ‘anywhere’; and while they associate nutritious food with fresh food, they will buy processed foods which can be less expensive, appeal to children and are prone to less waste. Reflecting mainstream Australian political culture, participants were compromising household food budgets in order to pursue a socially acceptable standard of living (including decent housing, car-reliance). They were also incorporating the pleasure and desires of family members as part of ‘the moral arts of everyday life’. Using social theories of consumption and practice sociology we argue that food choices and practices – easy or not – need to be interpreted as part of the role that consumption plays in political citizenship and moral subjectivity. In the Western Sydney context, food practices are essentially household budget and family nourishment practices rather than nutrition and sustainability practices; a position which is not addressed in the government’s new food policies or wage determination processes.     

高校图书馆考研服务平台建设研究

随着数字图书馆建设的推进，各类数字化资源应运而生，考研读者作为高校图书馆的重要读者群，需要图书馆为他们提供关于考研的各类资源的服务。这类资源可以是纸质的，可以是电子的，也可以是支撑他们所需服务的一种平台。图书馆人应该超越数字信息资源去探讨信息服务的实质，从读者的根本需求上去思考数字化资源建设。     

英美文学经典融入大学英语教学的路径

英美文学经典能够激发学生的阅读兴趣,提升学生的思辨能力,提高学生的伦理道德修养以及审美情趣.应修订大学英语教学大纲,增设与英美文学相关的拓展课程,有针对性地选编教材,改进教学模式,将文学经典融入大学英语教学.     

关于拓展我国农村消费信贷的思考

拓展农村消费信贷是建立现代农村金融制度的客观需要,约束我国农村消费信贷发展的因素主要是消费信贷的配套服务机制缺失、农村金融业不发达、农民收入不稳定等。因此,转变消费观念、改善消费信贷环境、增加消费信贷品种、健全社会保障制度、建立现代农村金融制度是拓展我国农村消费信贷的有效对策。     

The modernities of heritage and tourism: interpretations of an Asian future

Recent years have seen the emergence of a number of regional-based charters and declarations; all of which attempt to address the Eurocentric biases of the global heritage movement. For example, the Nara Declaration, China Principles, Hoi An Protocols and Seoul Declaration all reflect a desire to develop heritage frameworks that are sensitive to, and in tune with, the complexities and socio-cultural specificities of the Asian region. With the primary concern of these initiatives being the development of more appropriate ‘conservation philosophies’ or notions of ‘authenticity’, they have given less attention to the interface between heritage sites and their consumers, or tourists, and the rapidly changing nature of tourism in Asia. Indeed, the vast majority of reports and studies produced by UNESCO, ICOMOS, IUCN and others continue to talk of ‘the tourist’ as a singular, homogenous construct. The rapid growth of travel for leisure and recreation within Asia today, however, demands a re-appraisal of how such terms are used and deployed within the heritage industry. Accordingly, this article examines why Asian tourism is presenting new and unfamiliar challenges for policy makers regarding the management and presentation of heritage sites in Asia. More specifically, it considers the industry familiar discourse of ‘site interpretation’ against a backdrop of Asian modernities in order to ask questions about aesthetics and the politics of heritage narration.     

主体间性视域下高校德育中师生关系的异化与建构

主体间性的缺失是影响德育师生关系,造成德育实效性差的根本原因。要增强高校德育的实效性,必须在主体间性视域下研究目前德育中师生关系的异化原因并进行重新建构。把主体间性从哲学领域引进到德育领域,用一种崭新的视角来关注整个德育过程,对研究新时期高校德育师生关系的异化与建构具有重要的理论和实践的指导意义。     

人口结构调整对我国 城镇居民消费的影响

本文通过我国31个省的城镇居民消费结构数据，利用扩展线性支出系统（ELES），分析了人口结构调整对我国居民消费结构的影响。研究结果表明：（1）随着老龄化程度的加深，社会总抚养系数的提高会增加人们基本生活支出；（2）从边际消费倾向来看，虽然未来我国居民消费结构升级表现为娱乐文化和教育等支出的提高，但是因老龄化引起的社会总负担系数的提高很可能对该部分的消费产生挤压；（3）家庭耐用品、交通通信和娱乐文化教育的收入弹性大于1，未来消费结构优化的重点也应当增加其贡献，提高我国居民的消费潜力。     

我的学生 我的千里马

本篇文章从四个方面介绍了班主任管理经验：一是善于向他人学习，做学生的榜样；二是做学生闪光点的发现者，做学生的伯乐；三是了解每个学生的心声，做学生的听众；四是搭建师生沟通桥梁，做学生的良师益友。文章结合生动的教育案例教育，情境再现，着眼于学生的全面发展，体现了作者对教育本质的执着追求。     

加强思想政治理论课教师队伍建设的举措

进一步加强高等学校思想政治理论课教师队伍建设,突破影响思想政治理论课教学效果的主要瓶颈,要在提高"两个素质""三种能力"上下功夫。政治素质是思想政治理论课教师队伍建设的灵魂;业务素质是思想政治理论课教师队伍建设的关键;有较高的思想政治理论水平和较强的理论联系实际、高水平的教学能力,有较强的教学研究和科学研究能力,循循善诱、富有实效的教书育人能力,是思想政治理论课教师队伍建设的落脚点。