公共管理社会化与公共服务市场化--美国"政府再造"对珠海市城市管理制度创新的启示

文章认为公共管理社会化与公共服务市场化是美国“政府再造”的重要政策工具。在分析美国地方政府推行公共管理社会化和公共服务市场化经验教训以及珠海城市管理面临问题基础上 ,提出珠海城市管理体制创新的具体策略 ,包括 (1)推动非政府、非营利组织发展 ;(2 )大力推进社区建设 ;(3)完善“两级政府、三级管理”的城市管理体系 ;(4)全面开展公共服务市场化改革 ;(5 )吸引非国有资本参与基础设施建设 (6 )建立科学的政府绩效评估制度。     

基于网格技术的城市公共汽车到站时刻预测研究

在介绍了网格技术的含义和基础知识后,结合我国目前公共汽车预测研究的现状,设计了基于网格技术的城市公共汽车到站时间的预测系统,并对其进行了详细的设计。     

中国大城市空间的"多中心"重组

从介绍国际大城市在构建"多中心"空间结构方面的经验入手,对国际大城市的经验教训进行总结,并在借鉴国际经验的基础上,结合中国"多中心"空间结构成长的复杂环境,提出中国大城市进行"多中心"空间重组的五大规划策略.     

构建和谐社会需要正确处理的十大关系

构建和谐社会,是一个长期的过程.在经济高速发展的轨道上,各种利益、各种关系的摩擦、碰撞是激烈的.构建和谐社会,要处理的关系非常多.其中,尤其要正确处理好十个主要方面的关系:经济增长与可持续发展的关系;人口与就业的关系;经济和教育的关系;城市和乡村的关系;高新技术产业与传统产业的关系;积累和消费的关系;内需和外需的关系;强势群体与弱势群体的关系;改革与发展的关系;中国特色与国际惯例的关系.     

Integrating ecosystem services into conservation assessments: A review

A call has been made for conservation planners to include ecosystem services into their assessments of conservation priority areas. The need to develop an integrated approach to meeting different conservation objectives and a shift in focus towards human wellbeing are some of the motivations behind this call. There is currently no widely accepted approach to planning for ecosystem services. This study contributes towards the development of this approach through a review of conservation assessments and the extent to which they include ecosystem services. Of the 476 conservation assessments identified by a set of search terms on the Web of Science, 100 were randomly selected for this review. Of these only seven had included ecosystem services, while another 13 had referred to ecosystem services as a rationale for conservation without including them in the assessment. The majority of assessments were based on biodiversity pattern data while 19 used data on ecological processes. A total of 11 of these 19 assessments used processes, which could be linked to services. Ecosystem services have witnessed an increase in attention received in conservation assessments since the year 2000, however trends were not apparent beyond this date. In order to assess which types of ecosystem services and how they have been accounted for in conservation assessments, we extended our review to include an additional nine conservation assessments which included ecosystem services. The majority included cultural ecosystem services, followed by regulatory, provisioning and supporting services respectively. We conclude with an analysis of the constraints and opportunities for the integration of ecosystem services into conservation assessments and highlight the urgent need for an appropriate framework for planning for ecosystem services.     

"建筑节地"理念在城市化进程中的诠释

目前我国城市建设用地规模不断扩张，导致耕地资源严重不足，如何节约用地．就成为城市化进程中的首要问题。因此，在城镇建设过程中要贯彻“建筑节地”理念．合理确定城市用地规模。发达国家城市化进程中占用耕地状况或许能够给我们一些启示。     

Business models for material efficiency services: Conceptualization and application

Despite the abundant research on material flows and the growing recognition of the need to dematerialize the economy, business enterprises are still not making the best possible use of the many opportunities for material efficiency improvements. This article proposes one possible solution: material efficiency services provided by outside suppliers. It also introduces a conceptual framework for the analysis of different business models for eco-efficient services and applies the framework to material efficiency services. Four business models are outlined and their feasibility is studied from an empirical vantage point. In contrast to much of the previous research, special emphasis is laid on the financial aspects. It appears that the most promising business models are ‘material efficiency as additional service’ and ‘material flow management service’. Depending on the business model, prominent material efficiency service providers differ from large companies that offer multiple products and/or services to smaller, specialized providers. Potential clients (users) typically lack the resources (expertise, management's time or initial funds) to conduct material efficiency improvements themselves. Customers are more likely to use material efficiency services that relate to support materials or side-streams rather than those that are at the core of production. Potential client organizations with a strategy of outsourcing support activities and with experience of outsourcing are more keen to use material efficiency services.     

EDGAR on the internet: The welfare effects of wider information distribution in an experimental market for risky assets

Policies such as the SEC’s Fair Disclosure Rule, and technologies such as SEC EDGAR, aim to disseminate corporate disclosures to a wider audience of investors in risky assets. In this study, we adopt an experimental approach to measure whether this wider disclosure is beneficial to these investors. Price-clearing equilibrium models based on utility maximization and non-revealing and fully-revealing prices predict that in a pure exchange economy, an arbitrary trader would prefer that no investors are informed rather than all are informed; non-revealing theory further predicts that an arbitrary trader would prefer a situation in which all traders are informed rather than half the traders are informed. These predictions can be summarized as “None > All > Half”. A laboratory study was conducted to test these predictions. Where previous studies have largely focused on information dissemination and its effects on equilibrium price and insider profits, we focus instead on traders’ expected utility, as measured by their preferences for markets in which none, half, or all traders are informed. Our experimental result contradicts the prediction and indicates “Half > None > All”, i.e. subjects favor a situation where a random half is informed. The implication is that in addition to testing predictions of price equilibrium, experiments should also be used to verify analytical welfare predictions of expected utility under different policy choices. JEL Classification D82, D53, G14, L86 This work was largely completed while this author was at The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology.     

城市轨道交通的外部性对房地产的影响研究综述

城市轨道交通的外部性给房地产的发展造成巨大的影响,使沿线房地产得到增值,如何将这种外部效益转化为内部效益成为研究的课题.在综述了国内学者关于轨道交通对房地产外部经济性的研究成果,以及轨道交通与房地产联合开发的应用研究后,又结合我国实际,提出轨道交通应与房地产联合开发,实现双赢的建议.     

赛博空间技术支撑及在城市地理研究中的应用

赛博空间是一种崭新的人类生活和交往空间，它以计算机技术、现代通讯网络技术、虚拟现实技术综合应用为基础，为人们提供了全亲的经济活动场所，本文讨论了赛博空间的概念，以及支撑赛博空间的关键技术，即信息高速公路、遥感技术、地理信息系统技术、数据库管理和虚拟现实技术等，并就其在城市规划，城市交通，商业布局及城市旅游中的若干应用进行探讨。