中国乡村旅游的文化内涵建设探析——基于“涵化”理论

中国现代乡村旅游的发展已有20多年时间,但发展层次大多处于低水平的“农家乐”阶段,加强乡村旅游的文化内涵建设将是破解之道．乡村旅游是城乡文化接触和传播的重要途径。城市文化以其鲜明的现代化、市场化等特征。强势地冲击着乡村文化．城乡文化涵化的结果,一方面是乡村文化的振兴;另一方面是乡村文化的同化、商品化．从涵化理论出发,加强中国乡村旅游的文化内涵建设,应确立乡村文化的地位,建立“农民主体、政府扶持”的文化创新体制,在旅游者和旅游利益相关者中倡导负责任旅游。     

云南文化产业与旅游产业藕合发展研究

文化与旅游业的耦合发展已经成为趋势。云南文化产业借旅游扩大知名度,旅游产业借文化提升品位,实现了文化产业与旅游产业的耦合发展。针对云南文化产业和旅游产业耦合发展面临的环境、机制、人才、创意和企业等难题,可通过改善环境质量、创新耦合机制及加大复合型人才培养等途径为产业耦合发展提供外部保障,同时通过强化产品开发和营销创意及提升耦合企业竞争力等途径为耦合发展提供内部动力。     

“西江经济带”文化发展的世界图景

当下世界经济全球化和文化产业经济的历史发展必然趋势,为西江经济带文化发展绘制了鲜明的世界图景：现实存在的软实力竞争国际环境,使得西江经济带文化发展作为一种文化软实力而发挥特殊作用;世界城市文明形态从“政治型城市”、“经济型城市”向“文化型城市”的转型,赋予了西江经济带文化发展的文化产业绿色经济内涵;世界范围内的城市群战略规划,在推动西江经济带以城市群形态进入国家战略框架的同时,凸显西江城市群与文化生态之间的矛盾,生态优先战略由此成为西江经济带文化发展特别关注的命题。     

旅游对龙脊梯田文化景观影响研究

文化景观及其保护是当前的研究热点之一．以龙胜龙脊梯田文化景观为研究对象。从旅游社会文化影响的角度进行综合分析。研究影响感知、人口社会学特征与影响感知的差异性以及影响下存在的问题和解决的途径和方式。研究发现：（1）旅游对梯田文化景观的感知负面影响大于正面影响．主要原因是旅游开发后,发生了旅游与梯田争夺水源、劳动力的问题,以及旅游利益分配不协调;（2）被调查者的人口社会学特征与梯田的旅游影响感知存在差异,主要是年龄与建筑用地占用梯田用地程度问题的感知．最后提出旅游影响下龙胜龙脊梯田文化景观发展对策．实现龙脊旅游可持续发展。     

基于因子分析与聚类分析的城市设施水平综合评价

对2010年全国31个省(市、自治区)的城市设施水平进行因子分析和聚类分析发现,东部及沿海地区等经济较为发达的省份,城市设施水平较高;中西部地区等经济落后的省份城市设施水平较低。因此要通过大力发展中西部经济来提高中西部城市设施水平。     

Tourism's contribution to the Yugoslav economy

Tourism is an important sector of the post-industrial economies of the developed nations. This article concentrates on the contribution of tourism to the balance of payments in Yugoslavia. Current methods of assessing the value of tourism transactions are inadequate and make international comparisons impossible. The complexity involved in defining ‘tourism’ has led to the accumulation of meaningless data. The IMF's standard balance-of-payments model is described, and the ways in which Yugoslavia's measurements of tourism income and expenditure could be standardized according to IMF recommendations and thus become use- ful in economic policy formulation.     

Climate change and tourism: a scientometric analysis using CiteSpace

The interaction between climate change and tourism has been one of the most critical and dynamic research areas in the field of sustainable tourism in recent years. In this paper, a scientometric analysis of 976 academic publications between 1990 and 2015 related to climate change and tourism is presented to characterize the intellectual landscape by identifying and visualizing the evolution of the collaboration network, the co-citation network, and emerging trends. The results show that the number of publications in this field has increased rapidly and it has become an increasingly interdisciplinary research subject. The most productive authors and institutions in this subject area are in Australia, USA, Canada, New Zealand, and European countries. In this paper, we identify the most pressing topics of climate change and tourism research, as represented in the existing literature, which include the consequences of climate change for tourism, necessary adaptations, the vulnerability of the tourism industry, tourist behaviour and demand in response to climate change, and emission reductions in the tourism sector. The paper presents an in-depth analysis of climate change and tourism research to better understand global trends and directions in this field that have emerged over the past 25 years.     

The contribution of social tourism to sustainable tourism: a case study of seasonally adjusted programmes in Spain

Recent policy from the European Union has attempted to justify social tourism initiatives on the basis that they lead to a more sustainable tourism industry. However, the majority of latest research in the field has been focused on the benefits for participants, with the addition of some evidence on the economic impacts of such programmes on destinations, which have pointed towards sustainability outcomes including: a longer tourism season, more even spread of demand, and longer periods of employment for tourism workers. Yet there is a lack of direct evidence linking such programme to these outcomes. This paper aimed to explore this important disconnect between policy assumptions and evidence-based outcomes through an analysis of the deseasonalising effects of the Spanish social tourism programme for older people. The research found that this programme does have an effect on the seasonal nature of employment and economic activity in most regions studied, but that the huge volume of demand from international tourists in the high seasons masks the quantitative effects in the regions with the highest seasonal concentration of international tourists. Recommendations for policy and practice in sustainable tourism are made that are transferable to many countries and regions that adopt social tourism programmes.     

Sustainability practices of family firms: the interplay between family ownership and long-term orientation

Sustainability practices are critical for family firms, as they relate directly to the continuity of the business and relationships with important stakeholders, such as members of the local community. Nevertheless, not all family firms wish to adopt sustainability practices. To examine this, we draw upon the socioemotional wealth perspective in order to develop a theoretical model of the direct negative effects of family ownership on the adoption of sustainability practices. We also suggest moderating effects of long-term orientation (LTO) on this link. Our model is tested on a sample of 195 family firms in the tourism and hospitality sector. The results support our hypothesis that family ownership negatively influences the adoption of sustainability practices. Additionally, LTO moderates the relationship between family ownership and the adoption of sustainability practices, such that family owners with a high LTO are more likely to adopt this particular practice compared to those with a low LTO.     

Planning for ecotourism in the protected area of Manesht and Ghelarang,Ilam Province,Iran

ABSTRACT

This paper reports a study of the Manesht- and Ghelarang-protected area in Iran. The study sought to identify ways in which sustainable tourism policies could be generated that aid the natural and human environments. From surveys and questionnaires completed by tourists, residents, and officials, an initial set of 10 areas of weakness, 9 strengths, and 6 opportunities were identified. Using these classifications combined with mapping techniques that included maps of topography and flora, a subsequent Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution analysis identified potential future policies that require infrastructure development and reinforced pro-environmental policies to address the problems currently being experienced.