实体企业金融化对企业价值的影响

选取2010—2017年A股上市公司面板数据,研究实体企业金融化对企业价值的影响,探究企业金融化—投资效率—企业价值的作用路径,分析融资约束水平在金融化程度与企业价值之间的异质性作用。结果表明：出于市场套利动机,实体企业金融化与企业价值之间呈现“倒U型”关系。投资效率在实体企业金融化影响企业价值过程中发挥中介效应;当融资约束较高时,金融化程度正向影响企业价值;当融资约束较低时,金融化程度负向影响企业价值。     

农业综合开发、农技推广培训与农机购置补贴效率

农机购置补贴是中国推动农业机械化最重要的支持政策。本文通过DEA Tobit模型测算了全国30个省份2004—2012年购置补贴政策的综合技术效率、纯技术效率和规模效率,并着重分析了农业综合开发和农技推广培训对补贴效率的影响机制。研究结果表明,全国农机购置补贴政策的综合技术效率水平不高,主要是由于纯技术效率过低;各省份之间的效率值存在较大差异,但规模效率普遍较高;实证结果显示补贴政策实施方式的优化以及农机从业人员的素质对补贴效率有显著的促进作用,但是农业综合开发和农技综合培训却并没有达到理论分析的预期效果。本文对以上问题做出了解释,并给出政策建议。     

西南地区金融发展水平评价与比较研究

近年来,西南地区经济快速发展,金融业在经济发展中的地位也日益提升。从社会融资规模、金融业增加值占GDP比重、金融市场发展等方面分析西南地区金融发展态势,并从金融规模、金融结构和金融效率三个维度构建金融发展水平评价指标体系,采用因子分析法对2007—2015年西南六省区市金融发展水平进行综合评价和比较分析,结果表明：西南地区金融发展水平由金融规模相对重要向金融结构和金融效率相对重要变化,金融发展开始从重视规模扩张的粗放型增长模式向注重效率提升的集约式发展模式转变;西南地区区域内金融发展不均衡、差异明显,金融发展水平受制于经济基础条件。应建立金融与经济协调发展机制,注重金融效率的提高,加强区域金融发展的稳健性。     

区域经济效率与公平兼顾模型的构建及实证分析

如何兼顾效率与公平,一直是经济学研究的主题和难题之一。针对区域经济发展中的效率与公平问题,基于SUP-CCR-DEA模型,在保证整体效率最优的同时,增加政府进行区域补贴后的居民收入区域差异最小化的约束条件,建立区域经济效率与公平兼顾模型,对中国东、中、西、东北四大区域进行实证分析,并用锡尔系数进行验证。分析表明,通过政府补贴改变区域间居民的收入分配,可以改善区域经济公平性,也可增进整体经济效率;西部和中部地区应获得更多的政府补贴;在缩小四大区域经济发展差距的同时,也要积极改善各大区域内部的经济公平性。     

中国海洋渔业空间生态格局探究——以我国沿海11个省市为例

海洋渔业是我国海洋强国的重要组成部分,但近年来全球气候变暖、海域环境污染等严重的资源问题和生态问题日益对我国海洋渔业生态文明建设提出新的挑战。本文选取 2006-2016年我国沿海11个省市海洋渔业相关面板数据,首先将海洋渔业二氧化碳排放量作为非期望产出纳入超效率 SBM-DEA窗口分析法中,测算出海洋渔业生态效率值并评价其有效性。然后进一步探究海洋渔业生态效率的空间效应并运用Tobit随机效应面板模型,分析了海洋渔业生态效率的影响因素。结果显示：（1）我国沿海 11个省市海洋渔业生态效率有效水平较低且存在区域差异。（2）我国 沿海 11个省市海洋渔业生态效率水平逐步由随机相异发展空间格局向聚集态势变动。（3）我国沿海 11个省市的海洋渔业经济发展水平对海洋渔业生态效率的影响呈现出显著的负相关关系;渔业产业结构、海洋环境政策与海洋渔业生态效率的影响呈现出 正相关关系。最后基于实证研究,提出建设海洋生态渔业,提升海洋渔业生态效率有效水平的建议。     

PRODUCTIVE EFFICIENCY IN THE IVORIAN MANUFACTURING SECTOR: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY USING A DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS APPROACH

The African industrial structure is characterized by firm‐size heterogeneity with the coexistence of small, if not micro, enterprises in the informal sector and large formal organizations operating with modern technology. In this paper, using the Data Envelopment Analysis production frontier methodology, we investigate the technical efficiency of Ivorian manufacturing firms in four sectors of economic activity: textiles and garments, metal products, food processing, and wood and furniture. Efficiency scores are adjusted to take into account the impact of the external operating environment. These scores are then broken down into three elements: the purely managerial effect, the impact of the scale of production, and a technological effect capturing the potential gain that could result from the adoption of modern technology by small informal organizations. Not only formal activities prove to be more efficient in scaling their production but also, they greatly benefit from their modem technology.     

Random Walks and Market Efficiency Tests: Evidence from Emerging Equity Markets

We use the multiple variance-ratio test of Chow and Denning (1993) to examine the stochastic properties of local currency- and US dollar-based equity returns in 15 emerging capital markets. The technique is based on the Studentized Maximum Modulus distribution and provides a multiple statistical comparison of variance-ratios, with control of the joint-test's size. We find that the random walk model is consistent with the dynamics of returns in most of the emerging markets analyzed, which contrasts many random walk test results documented with the use of single variance-ratio techniques. Further, a runs test suggests that most of the emerging markets are weak-form efficient. Overall, our results suggest that investors are unlikely to make systematic nonzero profit by using past information in many of the examined markets, thus, investors should predicate their investment strategies on the assumption of random walks. Additionally, our results suggest exchange rate matters in returns' dynamics determination for some of the emerging equity markets we analyzed.     

Accounting for Environmental Influences in Stochastic Frontier Models: With Application to International Airlines

The principal aim of this paper is to measure the efficiency of international airlines. We obtain measures of technical efficiency from stochastic frontier production functions which have been adjusted to account for environmental influences such as network conditions, geographical factors, etc. We observe that two alternative approaches to this problem have been proposed in the efficiency measurement literature. One assumes that the environmental factors influence the shape of the technology while the other assumes that they directly influence the degree of technical inefficiency. In this paper we compare the results obtained when using these two approaches. The two sets of results provide similar rankings of airlines but suggest differing degrees of technical inefficiency. Both sets of results also suggest that Asian/Oceanic airlines are technically more efficient than European and North American airlines but that the differences are essentially due to more favourable environmental conditions. Nevertheless, it is among Asian companies that the major improvements in managerial efficiency (technical efficiency with environmental factors netted out) took place over the sample period (1977–1990).     

论产品布置形式的物流搬运设计

工厂布置是对工厂的各部门按一定方式的布置,分为产品布置、工艺布置和定位布置三种基本形式。物料搬运是指不同形式的物料移动,在各种现代化生产系统中占有极为重要的地位。物流搬运设计与布置形式是紧密相联的。本文从理论上和实践上论述产品布置形式的物料搬运系统设计。     

金融市场发展与金融风险防范研究

随着防范和化解金融风险问题研究的深入,揭示和探讨金融风险的深层原因及根本性防范化解措施非常重要。本文分析了金融市场效率、信息不对称引发金融风险的两个深层原因及治理策略,并认为资产证券化是防范和化解金融风险的重要举措