On structural inelasticity of modal substitution in freight transport

At the European level there is an increasing focus on how freight transport can be moved from trucks on roads to more environmentally friendly modes such as rail and ship. A large proportion of the transport services between OD pairs, however, cannot be substituted since there is only one alternative available. The paper investigates the magnitude of this “structural inelasticity” of modal substitution in freight transport due to a sparser layout of rail and ship-based freight networks compared to road. In the analysis we use a recent Scandinavian freight demand model covering more than 800 zones. We find that the structural inelasticity is very significant - in particular for transportation over less than 500 km. Moreover, the inelasticity varies greatly with commodity groups and between OD pairs, and it depends strongly on the port and rail infrastructure. The results suggest that pure charging instruments (road pricing for trucks) in many regions will have limited mode substitution impacts. However, if combined with structural changes in terms of improved infrastructure for rail and ship, impacts may be greater.     

基于快铁融合的上海铁路集装箱快运站选址研究

快铁融合可以充分发挥快递企业和铁路运输的优势,有效提升物流作业效率,达到运输资源分配平衡的效果,是多元化运输的发展方向。在既有和计划建设的铁路货运站中选择铁路集装箱快运站与快递企业集散网络衔接,以快递企业时间满意度和集散运输成本为目标,构建基于时间满意度的铁路集装箱快运站选址模型,以上海铁路集装箱快运站为例进行实证分析,提出保证铁路集装箱快运站与快递企业合理衔接的对策,为铁路集装箱运输融入快递市场提供决策支持,加速快铁融合的实施。     

谈金安桥水电站左岸护岸边坡开挖的控制爆破

金安桥水电站左岸护岸边坡开挖爆破区环境复杂,紧挨将要拆除的下游围堰,在爆破时不能丝毫破坏其下游围堰。为了确保下游围堰、基坑抽水设备的安全,采用预裂爆破、孔间微差爆破、孔内微差爆破,选用较为合理的爆破参数控制爆破,顺利完成了左岸护岸边坡开挖爆破工作,为下游围堰的如期拆除创造了条件。     

越南昆江2水电站埋藏式压力钢管设计

越南昆江2水电站二级电站为典型的高水头水电站,其埋藏式压力钢管段是该电站设计施工重点部位.文章就管径管材选用、高压管道钢衬起点位置、抗内外压力稳定以及灌浆排水等方面进行了计算分析。     

大型水电站工程设计项目生产管理系统研究

针对水电站设计项目的知识性和复杂性,基于一种P3E/C的大型水电站设计项目生产管理系统实现模式,设计了系统运行的网络结构和系统运行平台。通过系统实现的动态矩阵网络图、项目工序表流转、项目产品安全3个关键技术的解决方法,提出了基于P3E/C的项目计划管理、作业过程管理、作业人员绩效管理3个核心子系统的实现方法。     

深圳盐田港的发展困境与竞争力研究

盐田港自开港以来,集装箱吞吐量持续增长,已发展成为全国集装箱吞吐量最大的单一港区,但也面临竞争日益激烈、经济危机带来增长锐减、物流业不断开放等困境。盐田港到底如何走出困境,提升竞争力,这是摆在盐田港面前的一道难题。本文将从四大方面给出盐田港应对困境,提升竞争力的措施。     

鄂尔多斯铁路枢纽客运系统布局方案研究

为加强鄂尔多斯铁路枢纽建设,提高鄂尔多斯与外界联系通道的运输能力,完善铁路枢纽内客运系统布局,基于鄂尔多斯铁路枢纽现状分析,结合城市现状规划和枢纽客运预测,从铁路枢纽内线路走向、铁路枢纽内客运站布局、枢纽内高速铁路车站选址3个方面,对鄂尔多斯铁路枢纽客运系统布局方案进行研究。经综合比选分析,分别采用沿既有铁路通道的中线引入方案、高速铁路"两站"格局方案及新设东胜北站。在此基础上,提出鄂尔多斯铁路枢纽内客运站建设方案,不断提高鄂尔多斯与外界联系通道的运输能力。     

The strategic berth template problem

A marine container terminal operator may have a situation with excessive calling requests to be served especially when some new service contracts are under consideration. For this situation, we propose a strategic berth template problem (BTPS) that selects the ships among the requesting ones to be served and arrange their berth-windows within a limited planning horizon. The BTPS employs the subgradient optimization procedure, which is an improved version of the procedure that the authors developed for the operational berth allocation problem. A wide variety of numerical experiments indicate the improved subgradient procedure works well for the BTPS.     

Get Ready for Innovation by Invasion

From many years of field research in West Germany and the United States, and especially from a recent study of relatively mature firms in Ohio, Gerhard Mensch has become aware of the disruption caused by the invasion of industries by new technologies from the outside. He sees the frequency of these invasions increasing in coming years for reasons that go beyond technological matters to the pressures for change coming from the capital markets. In this Perspective , he suggests the invasions can be countered and the capital markets satisfied by giving a more prominent role to the innovation manager in the strategy development process.     

英国铁路经营管理状况探析

铁路是国民经济大动脉,在我国综合交通运输体系中居于骨干地位。十四五时期,为继续深化我国铁路市场化改革,在交通强国建设中当好先行,推动新时代铁路高质量发展,有必要对国外铁路市场化改革和经营管理状况进行研究和探讨。通过分析英国铁路市场化改革后的行业结构、主要资金来源和经营状况,阐述路网公司、客运公司、货运公司等不同类型铁路企业的经营状况,总结得出重视铁路基础设施的投资、补贴不同类型的铁路企业、制定鼓励铁路运输的政策法规和平衡路网企业与运输企业利益等启示,为我国铁路市场化改革提供有益借鉴。