行驶里程数对车险净保费的影响研究 ——基于公路里程对交通事故损失的影响视角

目前国内几乎所有财险公司的数据库中还没有行驶里程数的统计数据。文章首次研究了行驶里程数对车险净保费的影响,即利用我国2000年～2009年31个省、市、自治区10年的面板数据单位根检验、协整检验等计量经济学方法来研究交通事故损失额与公路里程数之间长期稳定的均衡关系,得出事故损失额与公路里程数之间存在显著正相关关系。本研究的应用价值在于,该相关关系可以作为车险净保费与行驶里程数之间关系的有效参考,并提出了考虑车险净保费与行驶里程数之间关系的三种可行方案。这些研究为将行驶里程数这一影响因素纳入我国车险GLM定价提供了重要的理论支持和实践参考,也对解决我国交通、能源和环境问题具有一定的借鉴作用。     

国外车险里程定价理论与实践

基于里程定价的车险产品不但可以通过合理反映被保险人的保险成本以体现保费收取的公平性,而且一定程度上具有有效缓解交通堵塞、降低能源消耗、减少环境污染和温室气体排放等综合社会效益,目前已成为欧美发达国家车险市场上一款流行的产品。在系统梳理和总结国外车险按里程定价的理论与实践的基础上,对其进行了效益分析,并对实施中可能存在的问题进行了深入探讨,将为我国车险市场改革和产品结构升级提供启示,也为我国财险公司开发按里程定价的车险产品提供有益的理论支持和实践参考,以更加有利于我国车险费率市场化和非寿险公司的科学经营。     

印度铁路考察报告

印度经验表明,在铁路运输资源相对落后的情况下,通过优化铁路运输组织,减少编组站作业量,开行点到点的区间列车,构建适宜的货运信息系统,压缩机车车辆周转时间,可以有效改善铁路运营效率。通过固定和可移动运输资源的共用,印度铁路承担了孟买、清奈、加尔各答、新德里等城市的市郊铁路运输。印度铁路构建"货车池"制度、减少铁路分局数量、较灵活的价格体系、货运专线规划等,对我国铁路都有一定的借鉴意义。     

物流中配送路线选择的优化分析

配送线路的正确选择,有利于提高企业的服务质量,降低成本。通过实际调研,绘制城市道路的距离网络图,并通过交通工程中的浮动车法计算网络图的时间权值,绘制配送时间网络图。运用运筹学中的动态规划算法分别计算配送路线及配送时间的最优线路,并比较说明相应的实际问题。     

改进的遗传算法在战时油料运输车辆路径问题中的应用研究

文章首先对战时油料运输车辆路径问题（VRP）进行了分析,阐述了战时油料运输车辆路径问题的优化目标,并建立了多目标的优化模型;接着简介了遗传算法的优缺点,并设计了一种改进的遗传算法运用到问题的求解中;最后举例进行了计算和分析．验证了模型和算法的有效性     

DPM与SMM在物流配送中心车辆配载中的运用

文章首先分别阐述了DPM与SMM的基本原理与思想,接着分别结合实例推演出该原理在实践中的具体运用,最后总结其产生的实际社会效益。     

Logistics Information System Evaluation: Assessing External Technology Integration and Supporting Organizational Learning

Firms often outsource the development and acquisition of logistics information systems (LIS) needed to improve logistics processes. Managers tasked with such outsourcing decisions often struggle to understand and balance the external technology's impact on existing logistics processes, individual stakeholders, firm strategies, and the financial and operational performance of the firm. Unfortunately, research is limited on (1) methods for evaluating the performance capabilities of systems from external sources prior to full implementation, and (2) the impact of external technology integration (ETI) on organizational behavior and learning related to a firm's logistics processes. Through the lens of organizational learning (OL) theory, this research uses a case study approach to examine the transportation division of a major U.S.‐based fuel retailer to gain insights on the management control of ETI efforts. The study builds theory to fill important literature gaps then develops a conceptual framework and supporting propositions to inform future research on logistics ETI. The findings highlight important OL implications for firms involved in ETI efforts and also provide a practically relevant management control tool that can be used by logistics practitioners.     

Business Strategies of Incumbents in the Market for Electric Vehicles: Opportunities and Incentives for Sustainable Innovation

This paper focuses on the relation between large car manufacturers’ incentive and opportunity to innovate and their electric vehicle (EV) business strategies. We analyze how environmental regulation and the firm's incentive (measured by net income) and opportunity to innovate (measured by EV asset position, determined from a combination of patent, partnership and prototype data) affected EV sales over the period 1990–2011. During the EV's R&D period in the 1990s, large car manufacturers that were regulated by the full zero emission vehicle mandate developed a significantly stronger EV asset position, but did not sell significantly more EVs than their rivals. During the EV's commercialization period (2007–2011), large car manufacturers with both a strong incentive and a strong opportunity to innovate sold significantly more EVs. Based on these results, the paper offers a typology of business strategies, several managerial implications, and recommendations for policy makers to stimulate sustainable development. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

A prediction model of Consumer's willingness to fly in autonomous air taxis

As companies begin to consider new alternatives to urban transportation and urban air mobility, one method under investigation is autonomous air taxis. Literature indicates that people, in general, have positive attitudes towards innovation and new technology. However, complex factors determine their willingness and speed in acceptance. The objective of this study was to examine which factors significantly forecast consumer willingness to fly in autonomous air taxis. A quantitative methodology and non-experimental design were accomplished using 510 participants to develop the regression equation and assess model fit. Six significant predictors of consumer willingness to fly in autonomous air taxis were found: familiarity, value, fun factor, wariness of new technology, fear and happiness. Three additional analyses were assessed using an independent sample of participants, revealing strong model fit. Few previous studies have provided a quantitative assessment of which factors significantly predict consumer willingness to fly in autonomous air taxis. The study contributes to the body of knowledge by identifying six significant factors which account for over 76% of the variance. These findings may help the industry, manufacturers and regulators identify the types of individuals most willing to try this new form of transportation and provide more information on the type of consumer most likely to buy in to this new form of transportation.     

Steady-state properties in a class of dynamic models

We characterize the location, stability and approach-time of optimal steady states in single-state, infinite-horizon, autonomous models by means of a simple function of the state variable, defined in terms of the model's primitives. The method does not require the solution of the underlying dynamic optimization problem. Its application is illustrated in the context of a generic class of resource management problems.