A Method of Grouping Projects for Comparisons

Most methods currently available for grouping an agency fundedprojects are well suited for continuous data (e.g., Dalenius and Hodges Cum frule) but not for grouping a few projects based on their means. This is because these projectmeans form a set of discrete observations. So, applying Dalenius and Hodges Cum frule to such discrete observations generally does not help in forming as homogeneousgroups as one would desire. Seeking more homogeneous groups in practice is necessary becauseoften an administrator needs as accurate comparisons among projects as possible (e.g.,evaluation of project performances) to make correct decisions about continuation or administrationof agency funded projects. Therefore, in this paper an iterative procedure is given togroup projects in such a situation. To apply this procedure, the only requirement is that the variableused for stratification is not a categorical or a nominal variable. The iterative procedure isillustrated by three examples. As should be expected, the procedure yields a different and morehomogeneous set of strata than the one obtained by the Cum f rule. For administration ofprojects, to form as homogeneous a group of projects as possible is important and , therefore,it is advisable to use this procedure to achieve more homogeneous strata for the data at hand.     

行为经济学视角下的财务风险成因与防范

除外部宏观因素外,企业的财务风险很大程度源自利益相关者的非理性行为,尤其是管理者和投资者的非理性行为.从行为经济学视角分析,这种非理性行为产生的原因在于行为人在不确定条件下决策时的各种认知偏差.其对企业决策有重要影响,会使决策偏离最优,给企业带来财务风险,损害企业价值.因此,应防范非理性行为的发生,以降低企业财务风险.     

中国区域绿色创新效率演进轨迹及形成机理研究

运用非期望Minds模型和灰色系统动态方程对我国内地7大区域30个省份2012-2017年绿色创新效率时空演进轨迹及其形成机理进行探究。研究发现：我国绿色创新效率整体偏低,还存在较大提升空间,省域之间绿色创新效率不均衡的特征比较明显;我国7大区域绿色创新效率演化发展轨迹存在较强的异质性,华东、西南和华南地区交替领先,西北地区一直垫底;我国七大区域绿色创新系统可持续发展能力由高到低排序为：华南＞华东＞华中＞西南＞华北＞东北＞西北;华中和西北地区绿色创新效率提升的首要阻力在于政府支持不足,华北、东北和华东地区的主要阻力是环境规制,华南和西南地区的主要障碍因素分别是信息化和市场化。     

Informing tourism policy with statistical data: the case of the Icelandic Tourism Satellite Account†

The Tourism Satellite Account (TSA) is a popular internationally recognized method for measuring tourism's contribution to the economy. The credibility and visibility of tourism as a distinct economic activity are, therefore, based on TSA data which have the power to show its macroeconomic importance. According to the most recent World Tourism Organization study, 60 countries around the world implemented TSA in one way or another in 2010. However, in the same year, a research carried out by the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development revealed that the usage of TSA for tourism policies is rather limited due to specific issues, such as the lack of knowledge about TSA, inadequate international comparability, and timeliness. This paper illustrates several possibilities of using enhanced TSA estimates in the Icelandic context for informing tourism policies. Specific examples are presented of developing data on tourism-related investment (Tourism Gross Fixed Capital Formation) and governmental consumption for selected collective services related to tourism (Tourism Collective Consumption). These improve the usefulness of the TSA as a statistical instrument for sound tourism policies.     

经济增长与环境的关系——基于对CO2环境库兹涅茨曲线的实证研究

在对"环境库兹涅兹假说"暗含的同质假设前提提出质疑的基础上,对165个国家进行分组检验后发现,"高工业、高收入"国家出现了"环境库兹涅茨曲线"的"倒U"型趋势,"低工业、低收入"国家出现微弱"倒U"型趋势,"低工业、高收入"国家表现出了"~"型趋势,而"高工业、低收入"国家环境污染与收入增长同步。     

中国消费投资失衡的不良影响与调整方略

投资消费失衡是中国经济内部失衡的最突出表现,与科学发展本义相悖.本文将系统地分析中国消费投资失衡现状,讨论梳理其对中国经济的不良影响,并针对中国对投资消费失衡的宏观调控对策,分析投资消费失衡的形成机制,提出针对性的调整方略.     

技术性贸易壁垒的双重性质及其形成机制:理论假说与政策含义

技术性贸易壁垒具有性质上的双重性,政府干预可能出于基于市场失灵的目的或基于经济利益的目的.公共利益理论强调国际贸易中的市场失灵,认为基于市场失灵保护的技术性贸易壁垒可以提高资源的配置效率;俘获理论认为基于经济利益保护的技术性贸易壁垒可能导致国民净福利下降,政府政策的制订过程受到经济和政治双重因素的影响.     

经营城市:区域经济发展新思维

经营城市是区域经济发展的重要动力。经营城市要注重城市产业的优化组合、城市土地利用的优化组合、城市资本的优化组合。同时,也应重视城市无形资产的创造、城市形象的塑造、城市环境的优化以及城市文化的提升。     

酒店集团化的虚拟连锁初探

酒店集团化是实现酒店业规模增长的重要战略选择之一。本文从虚拟连锁的概念出发,对虚拟连锁的优势和形式进行了探讨,明确提出虚拟连锁是酒店集团化的弹性运作机制,把握机会主导市场是实施虚拟连锁策略的关键     

中国中产阶级消费文化研究

中国中产阶级因其特殊的历史历程在消费主义盛行的今天表现出了不同于欧美社会中产阶级的消费文化和消费心理。中国中产阶级消费文化的特点表现为：（1）在消费行为上的超前卫性;（2）消费模式主要是由时尚消费、奢侈消费、超前消费和品味消费构成;（3）示范效应造成的榜样消费。中国中产阶级形成此种消费文化的原因在于：（1）政治上的后卫性（强烈的地位恐慌）;（2）阶层文化的不成熟;（3）社会声望的低下;（4）中国传统面子文化的影响。