政策演进中的农民工“退保”逆潮——基于新制度经济学的分析

"民工潮"现象是改革开放以来中国社会的独特景观。伴随着大量农民工涌入城市,为之建立相应养老保险制度的呼声日益高涨并引起了政策层面的持续关注。然而,在配套制度不断细化完善的同时,却出现与政策推进相悖的农民工"退保"逆潮,甚至出现参保率不及退保率的怪相。以新制度经济学的制度变迁理论和公共选择理论为切入点进行分析,发现制度缺失与利益博弈是农民工群体大规模退保的主要原因。结合现有实际,认为应从法制健全、政策统筹、宣传普及等多方着力,全面构筑农民工养老保障的"安全网"。     

揭开神秘的面纱：民事诉讼标的识别理论的解放

诉讼标的是民事诉讼法学者必须经过的一座桥,然这一重要概念却长期处于不休的学说论争中,这给民事诉讼理论体系的安定性带来了不小的冲击。因此,诉讼标的理论需要在长期的学说论争中妥协,从而寻获一条相对合理的解释路径。对于诉讼标的的认识应正本清源,从其设定本旨出发去探寻和了解其真意,进而合理择定其识别基准。同时,诉讼标的的识别基准还应辅以虑及一国之民事司法环境。在这样的前提下,旧实体法说是一种相对合理且适切的选择。虽然旧实体法说有其固有缺陷,但可以通过程序法和实体法的互动与协作,以制度联动的方式帮助旧实体法说理论脱困,使其在理论阐释和司法实践中发挥着双重功效与机能。     

Mobilizing crisis management networks — Entrepreneurial behavior in turbulent contexts

Severe socio-economic issues that threaten peace, life or wellbeing of humans in specific regions of the world cannot be solved by any single actor. Wide networks of political, business, governmental, non-profit and humanitarian organizations are to be involved to change existing practices. Despite conflicting interests and competing behavior, involved organizations need to act collectively to initiate the change of commonly accepted practices, i.e. institutions. This is the space in the present study for examining network mobilization as a collective means to change institutions. Our aim is to answer the question: How are networks mobilized in crisis management to initiate institutional change processes in socio-economically turbulent contexts? We provide a framework of network mobilization for institutional change built on the IMP rooted network mobilization research and institutional entrepreneurship discussion. The framework is reflected upon by means of insights from an interview-based case study with representatives of governmental and non-governmental organizations involved in worldwide humanitarian peace-building. We identify, firstly, incentivizing, reticent and adaptational behaviors of network mobilizers to utilize legitimacy and relationship sediments as mobilization enablers. Secondly, these behaviors help network mobilizers to overcome actor visibility and unpredictability as mobilization obstacles in turbulent contexts.     

农村留守儿童发展困境：成因与破局之策

农村留守儿童发展是社会主义和谐社会建设和新农村建设进程中面，J盘的一个重要课题。当前留守儿童发展问题困境的成因：区域与城乡经济发展不平衡与制度缺失是根本原因，“新读书无用论”是主观原因，农民工收入有限与职业不稳定是客观原因，家庭教育缺失与学校教育不足是直接原因。破局之策：需要以“爱”心为中心，发挥政府职能，破除留守儿童教育问题的制度障碍；建立家庭式学校，强化学校对留守儿童的管理角色；重铸“爱巢”，弥补留守儿童家庭教育的缺憾；倡导爱心行动，最大限度获得社会各界对留守儿童教育的关注和支持。     

International entrepreneurship research in emerging economies: A critical review and research agenda

This article systematically reviews and critically examines international entrepreneurship research in emerging economies (IEEE research), and articulates its importance, timeliness and relevance in consideration of the growing influence of emerging markets in the global economy. A systematic analysis of eighty-eight journal articles published over the last two decades reveals that IEEE research is a vibrant and rapidly growing stream of the broader international entrepreneurship (IE) domain, and that it is methodologically and topically diverse. Our review also shows that IEEE research has a limited presence in premier journals, is highly skewed in its geographic coverage, and is somewhat fragmented. We therefore inventory and critically evaluate the extant IEEE research with the aim of increasing its quality, coherence, scope, and impact. On the basis of our critique, we develop an ambitious research agenda that addresses a number of emergent global phenomena and raises exciting new questions for scholars in entrepreneurship, international business, and other related disciplines.     

语言交际图式对目标管理的启示

著名逻辑学家周礼全先生曾概括陈述了语言交际图式的基本思想,表达了人们在交际过程中意图传递的基本图式。借鉴这个基本图式,可以构建目标管理中目标传达与执行的逻辑图式,这个图式为目标管理中各种保障目标实现的策略提供了基本的逻辑学依据,并为管理策略创新与组织目标的成功实施提供了基本思维图式。     

A Socio-instutionalist Critique of the 1990s' Reforms of the United Kingdom's National Health Service

This paper argues that the on-going reforms to the UK's National Health Service initiated in the 1990s represent potentially profound institutional change to the values underpinning the process of care. The market-orientation of the reforms is highlighted, and it is asserted that the theoretical rationale for this is informed by the nascent neoclassical health economics and new institutionalist literatures, which exhibit utilitarian propensities in that both stress outcomes and at best relegate process. Drawing from the seminal contribution of Thorstein Veblen, the paper argues that market-oriented reform in the UK may induce a shift from a Hippocratic ethos to a more individualistic value system.     

Re-examination of wage, employment, and hours adjustments: what is crucial for differences in the adjustments?

Manufacturing wage, employment, and hours adjustments are significantly different among developed countries, typically between Japan and the US. The problem of explaining the differences is closely related to that of what effect the extent of wage flexibility has on labor market adjustments. However, prevailing theories are invalid or incomplete for explaining the differences. The differences in the adjustments cannot be unrelated with institutional features of the labor market. Indeed, the extent of wage flexibility depends on the differences in the institutional features. Using a new model with such an idea, this paper theoretically re-examines the cause of the differences in the adjustments. The crucial causes are the characteristics of wage flexibility as well as the differences of the institutional features. The characteristics are that wage adjustment is discontinuous, infrequent, and has a lower limit in comparison with changes in demand.