Tourism's climate mitigation dilemma: Flying between rich and poor countries

Stronger demand for medium- to long-haul air transport is the main driver of the tourism industry's increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, causing the current development of global tourism to be environmentally unsustainable. Efficiency improvements and biofuel usage are unlikely to maintain pace with the projected growth in transport volume. Therefore, curbing the growing demand for air transport has been suggested as another option for the sustainable development of tourism. However, the political and industry discourse concerning the restriction of air transport tends to label such a restriction as unethical, as such limits would impair the development that tourism brings to poor countries. This paper investigates the possible impacts of air travel restrictions on the least developed countries (LDCs) and non-LDCs by examining global tourism. The impacts on LDCs are found to be ‘neutral’ on average, with both losses and gains in tourist arrivals. The extent of any losses does not appear to be beyond the scope of possible economic compensation.     

货运量回归预测工具EXCEL和SPSS结合应用研究

对货运量预测工具EXCEL和SPSS各自的优缺点进行了分析，在此基础上建议将两种预测工具相结合，提出如何．陕速、准确得出预测值并作出预测图表的方法和步骤，最后以某市社会货运量统计为样本，进行实例说明。     

基于竞争优势的民航运输业发展方式转变研究

民航运输业在发展中面临着运输结构不合理，运输效益不高，低碳发展压力较大等问题，需要民航运输业从培育竞争优势的角度转变发展方式。对于民航运输业竞争力来说，生产要素是基础，市场需求是重点，相关产业发展是支撑，企业战略和组织是核心，政府支持是保障，发展机遇是关键。必须统筹竞争优势的六大方面以促使民航运输业发展方式转变。     

Independent tourist's automobilities in Norway

This paper critically examines the methods of transportation used by independent tourists and how importantly they value mobility throughout their journeys. While independent tourists are frequently identified as being adventurous and highly mobile, relatively few researchers have critically examined the modes of transport they use or the importance they play in enhancing and fulfilling their desired experiences. Indeed, most literature portrays independent tourists as habitual users of public transport as opposed to modes of personal transport. In this paper, the notion of automobility – a combination of autonomous and self-directed movement – is explored from the perspective of independent tourists in Norway. A multi-method qualitative study was undertaken which analysed the views of 38 independent tourists at eight different locations. The findings revealed that personal modes of transport were intrinsic features of the journeys undertaken and that they offered alternative sensory experiences in contrast to public transport. Moreover, for many independent tourists, autonomous journeys were considerably more important than the destinations they visited. Thus, for many independent tourists in Norway, demands for control, flexibility and adventure could only be satisfied by using particular modes of transport.     

基于产业集群甩挂运输模式设计——以淮安为例

基于产业集群设计甩挂运输模式对推动产业集群物流效率的提高具有重要意义.文章首先对物流虚拟联盟内涵和特征进行了归纳,分析了淮安化工产业集群开展甩挂运输的需求,最后构建了基于产业集群的淮安甩挂运输模式.     

竞争性综合运输中公路货运定价的研究

利用双层优化方法,将公路货运企业的经营目标函数和客户的选择函数统一考虑,分析了在客户选择最优基础上的公路货运定价问题,通过构建模型,求解得到货运价格。该价格是满足消费者福利剩余最大化的价格,有利于社会资源的优化配置和公路货运企业、综合运输市场的发展。     

大新站开行万吨列车的实践与创新

大秦铁路大新站通过改造站场及运输设备、优化运输组织结构、修改和完善铁路运输规章制度，成功开行万t重载列车。为适应大秦线全面开行2万t列车的新形势，大新站仍需继续改造既有设施，改进运输组织方式，大幅提高装车组织效率。     

论铁路货运向现代物流转变

随着我国高铁的快速建设，以及铁路货运机制的不断改革，铁路货运发展现代物流存在非常好的机遇。铁路运输为了提高市场份额，适应市场需求，应采取众多改革方针。通过运用SWOT方法，对我国铁路货运发展现代物流进行了分析，指出了其存在的优势、劣势、机遇与威胁，并提出铁路货运在发挥自身优势、优化货运组织的同时，要充分利用路网资源，进一步加强铁路货运改革，优化两端运输组织，完善“门到门”物流运输，积极拓展铁路货运增值业务，大力发展协同运输，为铁路货运发展现代物流提供有力保证。     

Life cycle assessment in the food supply chain: a case study

This research aims at assessing the environmental impact of the poultry supply chain from cradle to grave using case study research and also life cycle assessment (LCA). While a limited number of generic poultry production LCA studies have been published, fewer yet assess the whole process of a specific organisation, none comparing the increased impact of further processing. Our results show that irrespectively of the impact assessment method utilised, the process of producing portions is considerably higher in total environmental impact due to the extra raw material required to produce the same mass into retail. Our research contributes to the growing number of LCA studies and could be used by practitioners for comparison against national and international averages. From a theoretical point of view, this research provides new insights into the relationship between vertically integrated supply chains and environmental performance which has not been examined in the past.     

The distinction between commercial and non-commercial bus services in Germany: Given by nature?

German public transport services by bus are characterized by a regulatory framework that distinguishes between commercial and non-commercial services. Contrary to the apparent views of legislators, this paper shows that costs and revenues are not the only parameters determining whether or not operators are able to provide services in a commercially viable way.Apart from the local characteristics of the specific service, we show that the classification of services as commercial versus non-commercial is determined in large part by the public transport authorities that set minimum quality standards to be provided by operators. Our analysis shows that the authorities awarding the contracts in some cases affect market organization significantly depending on how they make use of this power. Furthermore, market organization differs substantially with respect to the awarding structure and the contractual relationships, thus creating a challenge for operators and authorities in an embryonic market.