运输能力限制条件下的煤炭物流路径选择

针对保障电厂用煤安全这一关系生产生活用电的重大问题,从标准运输问题模型出发,结合电力企业的实际情况,将多目标运输模型应用于煤炭运输问题,并针对接近或达到饱和的线路设定运力限制约束条件,建立运力限制下的多目标运输模型。通过实例分析运用Lingo软件对模型进行求解,验证了模型在解决运输能力限制条件下煤炭物流路径选择中的应用性,可为电力企业制定或优化煤炭调运方案提供依据。     

城市公路客运枢纽布局优化与发展趋势探讨

随着城市化进程的加快和城市空间的不断拓展，城市公路客运枢纽面临着提高城市交通运输效率和交通服务水平、改善城市交通环境与交通拥堵等难题。通过总结当前广州市公路客运枢纽在布局及运营方面存在的问题，借鉴国内外先进经验，提出城市公路客运枢纽的布局与发展应符合一体化、信息化、低碳化要求，并阐述了广州市公路客运枢纽布局优化与发展措施，可为国内城市公路客运枢纽的布局优化与发展决策提供参考。     

E篇：水运的发展对铁路运输的影响

回顾水运发展历程，分析水运特点及其适用范围，探讨水运发展趋势及对铁路运输的影响。     

负运价的财务原因与管理策略——中国海运业负运价案引发的思考

在国际海运市场上,由于竞争激烈,海运运价日益下滑。海运企业为了揽活,以不收钱甚至倒贴钱的方式,将货主的货物送达目的港口,出现了零运价和负运价现象。文章提出,负运价其实是中国海运业的一种高风险财务策略,负运价并不等于负的运费收入,负运价的实施只是削减了利润,并不意味着海运企业必然亏损,甚至有时还有利可图。负运价将导致市场无序化,带来海运企业更高程度的经营风险。因此,必须在宏观上加强法律法规约束,树立共赢的财务理念,追求卓越的服务质量,开创新的市场空间,确立战略管理思维,并实行相对谨慎的财务管理策略,以加强对海运业的管理,促进海运业稳健发展。     

我国国际货代企业未来发展的定位与战略思考

面临新的经济活动方式和变化的经营环境,国际货运代理正走向一个分化和转型的时期。本文介绍目前国际货代市场的概况,分析我国加入WTO后国际货代市场面临的挑战,阐述国际货代服务功能的重新定位,并提出货代的发展方向。     

铁路物流发展模型预测

随着物流业在我国的兴起和运输行业竞争的加剧,必然要求铁路企业物流化。为了适应这一发展趋势铁路企业必须建立自己完善的物流体系。针对此问题论文提出了构建铁路物流园区、物流化货运站的建议,以及与之相适应的一些管理方法。     

Government Failure in Urban Transportation

This paper assesses governmental performance in its investment, provision and regulation of urban transportation. Attention is given to public bus and rail transit and road transportation. Evidence based on urban transport in US cities reveals substantial allocative and technical inefficiencies that have led to large public transit deficits and severe highway congestion. I argue that it is futile to expect public officials to remedy the situation by pursuing more efficient policies such as congestion pricing and weighing costs and benefits when deciding transit service. The problem is that urban transportation policy is largely shaped by entrenched political forces that inhibit constructive change. The only realistic way to improve the system is to shield it from those influences and expose it to market forces by privatising it. This position is supported by empirical evidence based on simulations for the US and the UK's early experience with privatisation.     

Towards a holistic framework for road safety in Australia

Current road safety programs and thinking in Australia are constructed within a paradigm that tends to accept existing cultural arrangements. Such programs therefore, favour symptomatic solutions and technical and/or physical solutions as a way forward. Fundamental redesign of cultural arrangements is necessary in order to challenge the “culture of speed”. Our research is developing a holistic, social ecological model for reconnecting road safety with communities that value quality of life and slower ways of being. Improving road safety through reduction in the volume and speed of motorised traffic is integrally related to enhancing health and fitness, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and improving neighbourhood planning and community cohesion. In this regard, community-based travel behaviour change initiatives are deserving of much greater attention in the road safety area. As well as these changes at the personal and community scale, policy changes to urban and transport planning that address the broader issues of sustainability in an era of climate change and peak oil can also be linked to improvements in road safety.     

枢纽机场航班延误恢复模型研究

为了快速恢复枢纽机场航班积压，减少枢纽机场的大面积航班延误。在航空和高速铁路联合运输的思想上延伸，以恢复成本最小化为目标，建立枢纽机场大面积航班延误恢复模型，确定短途航班的取消、延误或航班被高速铁路运输替代，实时恢复航班。利用MATLAB对上海虹桥国际机场航班延误数据求解，结果显示高速铁路替代模式相对航班地面延迟、航班取消等方案使恢复成本降低15%，节省恢复时间30min，验证模型恢复枢纽机场大面积航班延误可行、有效。     

基于SWOT的柳州铁路局客运市场分析

对柳州铁路局客运市场进行SWOT分析是确定其客运营销战略的前提和基础。文章运用SWOT分析法分析了柳州铁路局客运市场环境，得出了柳州铁路局客运面临的外部机会主要有旅游资源丰富、西部大开发、旅客运输市场不断扩大等；外部威胁为吸引区内经济不发达、其他交通方式发展迅速、旅客运输质量要求越来越高等；自身优势有发达的线路网、强大的信息网和完善的设施网支持，旅行速度较快，旅行更安全等；劣势为直通客车数量太少，主型客车不足，空调车运用非常紧张，从业人员服务意识不够强等。