为了指标而竞争*——来自中国煤矿企业的证据#br#

中国矿难治理取得了不可忽视的成就,但总结其成功经验的研究尚显不足。本文认为安全生产的总量指标控制是一种降低中国煤矿企业矿难死亡人数的有效方式。笔者手工搜集了2002—2006年中国煤矿企业矿难死亡人数和省级安全生产控制考核数据,并与工业企业数据库进行匹配,发现单个煤矿事故死亡人数和同地区其他煤矿事故死亡人数之间显著负相关,说明企业间存在指标竞争现象。广义双重差分回归结果显示,在控制指标越少的省份,企业间指标竞争越激烈。异质性分析发现,在超标省份或者主管官员晋升的关键时期,指标竞争更加激烈。最后,单个煤矿企业死亡人数与异省邻市矿难死亡人数不相关,排除了矿难导致监管加强的“威慑效应”。本文的研究结果表明,煤矿安全生产总量指标控制对企业安全生产有显著作用。     

非对称合作网络中网络位置与创新绩效的关系——以吉利汽车为例的案例研究

利用扎根理论方法,以吉利汽车为例,对吉利汽车通过全球研发、跨国联盟、内部修炼等在创新合作网络发展的不同时期所占据的不同网络位置与创新绩效的关系进行了研究,并分析了企业家精神在两者间的中介作用。结果表明:占据网络中介和富含结构洞的网络位置能使企业获得更高的创新绩效;在两种不同的网络位置——中心位置和中介位置与创新绩效的关系中,企业家精神均起中介作用。     

The effect of mergers and acquisitions on environmental,social and governance performance and market value: Evidence from EU acquirers

This study explores the effect of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance on market value and performance in the context of mergers and acquisitions. We examine whether acquisition of targets with better ESG performance can help acquirers to increase their own ESG performance and whether the market values the increased ESG performance positively. Moreover, we explore whether the acquisition of targets with better ESG performance affects the market value of acquirers. For this study, we utilize a sample of 100 European mergers and acquisitions between 2003 and 2017, for which matching data on the ESG performance of both the target and acquiring firms are available. Our results show that the postmerger ESG performance of the acquirer increases following the acquisition of a target that has higher ESG performance than that of the acquirer in the premerger stage, whereas the postmerger market value of the acquirer increases following an increase in the acquirer's postmerger ESG performance in relation to its premerger ESG performance. Finally, we provide partial evidence of a positive relationship between the postmerger market value of the acquirer and the acquisition of a target with higher ESG performance than itself in the premerger stage.     

Microeconomic consequences and macroeconomic causes of foreign direct investment in southern African economies

The authors use a new data set on firms in 13 countries of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) and comparators from other regions to identify the benefits and determinants of FDI in this region. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has facilitated local development in the SADC. Foreign-owned firms perform better than domestic firms, are larger, and locate in richer and better-governed countries and in countries with more competitive financial intermediaries. They are also more likely to export than domestic firms and evidence suggests that they might have positive spillover effects on domestic firms. Based on a standard empirical model, the SADC is attracting the inward FDI per capita that the region's level of income would predict. But this means that there are less capital inflows per capita to the region than there are to wealthier parts of the developing world. Moreover, the SADC is attracting less FDI than comparators for reasons that are possibly more fundamental than current income, namely, countries’ past growth record, demographic structure and the quality of physical infrastructure. Interestingly, inward FDI is less sensitive to variation in income within the SADC than in other parts of the world, but is more responsive to changes in country's openness to trade.     

高耗能产业循环经济的指标体系构建

高耗能产业是循环经济建设的重点领域,但在循环经济指标体系方面还有待于系统和深入的研究。从综合绩效（经济绩效、环境绩效和社会绩效）的角度建立高耗能产业的循环经济指标体系是一个新的视角,具有层次分明、结构紧凑、可操作性强的优势。本文构建了高耗能循环经济的指标体系,并进行了实证分析。     

Encouraging extra-role behavior in a channel context: The role of economic-, social-, and justice-based sharedness mechanisms

In export businesses where overseas agents enjoy much better knowledge of customers, competitors and institutional environments, a major challenge facing export channel management is encouraging extra-role behavior in forms of agents' spontaneous, cooperative, and innovative actions when formulating and executing strategic decisions for export markets. This study addressed this major challenge by developing an integrated model of agents' extra-role behavior which proposed that the exercise of economic, social, and justice related sharedness mechanisms when making and executing strategic decisions of channel partnerships can be expected to have a positive effect on channel relationship performance. The model was tested by a sample of 353 exporting manufacturers. The empirical evidence showed that channel relationship performance was strongly and positively affected by exporters' perception over agents' extra-role behavior over strategy formulation and execution. Exporting firms are advised to enhance likelihood of agents' extra-role behavior over strategy formulation and execution by expanding inter-organizational sharedness mechanisms in the forms of agents' contract inclusiveness, agents' relationship trust, and agents' decision-making procedural justice.     

Government Controlling and Firm Performance： An Empirical Study on China＇s Listed Companies

The current study compares the firm performance in China＇s listed companies by distinguishing the governance controlling of three types of state-shareholder. The results indicate that the performances in firms with direct government controlling are significantly weaker than other firms. In contrast, the performances in firms without direct government controlling are not significantly different. The results suggest that the introduction of market-oriented state-share holders is a desirable process during the transition economy in China.     

中国对外直接投资企业的竞争优势与投资绩效研究

近年来,中国对外投资加速发展,这在一定程度上反映了所有权优势在中国公司中逐渐形成。本文通过实证研究,考察处于改革开放环境下中国对外直接投资企业所特有的竞争优势,并探讨中国企业特有的竞争优势和海外区位优势对其海外子公司经营绩效和竞争地位的影响。研究结果显示中国对外投资企业最重要的两项优势是产品质量与技术优势以及国内市场的支持与经验。优秀的国际化管理人才和良好的合作者与企业海外子公司的经营绩效显著正相关。企业商品的知名度与其全球竞争地位正相关。区位因素中与绩效显著相关的指标包括“政府官员及公众对外资的态度”、“外资企业税率”、“政治稳定性”、“许可证的获得手续”和“短期资金的可获得性”。区位因素中与企业竞争地位显著相关的因素是当地政府的激励措施。     

粮食直接补贴面临的问题及对策研究

粮食直接补贴是我国2004年粮食流通体制改革的主要内容之一。直补经过四个阶段的探索和改革,在增加农民收入、保障国家粮食安全等方面取得良好效应。但改革是对政府、企业、农民三者之间利益关系的重大调整,在补贴方法、标准、资金等制度设计和操作过程中还存在很多需要研究的问题。因此,进一步深化改革,尤其是建立产销区间的直补资金转移机制非常重要。     

创业导向与企业绩效的关系:国外研究进展

环境动态性与复杂性的加强,导致更多的企业采取创业导向战略以获取持续竞争优势。自20世纪80年代以来,创业导向与企业绩效的关系一直是公司创业理论与实证研究的核心问题之一。本文首先对创业导向的维度进行探讨,然后对创业导向与企业绩效的关系及其权变因素进行评述,最后对新兴的四种研究情景进行了总结。