行为经济学和实验经济学的理论与实践研究

丹尼尔·卡纳曼和弗农·史密斯由于在行为经济学和实验经济学方面所做的杰出贡献而荣获了今年诺贝尔经济学奖 ,这两门边缘学科在国外已经有了半个多世纪的发展历史 ,但我国学者在这方面的研究却是甚少。本文就结合卡纳曼和史密斯的研究成果 ,对行为经济学和实验经济学进行综合介绍并作出相应的评述。     

基于综合主成分分析的铁路客运服务质量评价

为了客观、准确地评价铁路客运服务质量,借鉴SERVPERF模型5个维度的思想,结合旅客感知服务流程建立铁路客运服务质量评价指标体系,提出利用主成分分析法计算指标的客观权重,建立基于综合主成分分析的铁路客运服务质量评价模型。以西南地区11个客运站和20列旅客列车为例,综合车站、列车进行铁路客运服务质量评价。结果表明,车站方面昆明站客运服务质量水平最高,资阳站客运服务水平最低;列车方面高速列车服务水平最高,快速列车服务水平最低;综合考虑车站与列车因素,攀枝花站服务水平下降较多。     

新建西安至法门寺至机场城际铁路速度目标值研究

新建西安至法门寺至机场城际铁路连通核心城市西安(咸阳)与次核心城市宝鸡市,对吸引西部地区有效客流、提升沿线经济效益及社会效益等方面具有较大影响。在阐述西法机城际铁路及客流构成基础上,设计西法机城际铁路列车开行方案,分析满足关中城际铁路网发展目标及与其他交通运输方式竞争的时间目标值。从工程投资分析、车站分布及运输组织匹配、与时间目标值的适应性及与关中城际网匹配性4个角度对160km/h,200km/h,250km/h 3个速度目标值方案进行探讨。结果表明,200km/h速度目标值可以满足城际铁路运输需求,具有较强的市场竞争力及社会效益。     

An airport operations proposal for a pandemic-free air travel

The aviation industry needs to work on the resilience of air travel against health threats and regain passenger trust. This paper proposes a pandemic-free travel concept based on creating an infectious diseases free zone in the airport terminal building through screening of passengers, crews and airport workers. This research shows that infectious disease detection methods applicable at the airport could be available in a short timeframe, at affordable cost and in scale. The potential location of passenger health screening, facilitation requirements, health responsibilities delegation and appropriate usage of industry standards for regulations are key elements to a potential implementation that would be phased and long term.     

Proposed revisions of regulation 261/2004: Endangering passengers’ rights and going against the international trend?

This paper analyses the 2020 revisions of Regulation 261/2004 published in February from a passenger perspective. While current Regulation 261 is criticised for being too consumer-friendly, the proposal takes the opposite stand. As it now stands, the proposal endangers passengers’ rights by increasing delay and cancellation lengths or by excluding delays at non-EU airports. The inclusion of tarmac delay could result in abuses from airlines. While bringing some clarity, the exhaustive list of extraordinary circumstances also creates new questions. The proposal also includes well-overdue changes such as the inclusion of missed connecting flights and a stronger role for National Enforcement Bodies (NEBs). Overall the proposal weakens passenger rights without real justifications.     

Predicting the impact of Trans Java Toll Roads on demand for intercity air travel in Indonesia

This paper aims to explore the factors influencing a potential air passenger shift to autos due to the completion of the Trans Java Toll Road and an increase in airfares. The study focuses on intercity trips for nonbusiness purposes. A face-to-face interview survey of 751 air passengers was conducted in three main airports on Java Island, Indonesia. Both the theory of planned behavior and the discrete choice model were applied to understand the factors for influencing toll road use among air passengers. The empirical results reveal that psychological factors, consisting of attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived moral obligations significantly influenced intentions to use the toll road. Meanwhile, perceived control of external resources was essential for airline passengers in their intention to use toll roads. Sociodemographic factors such as age, gender, income, frequency of airplane use, travel time, and cost also significantly influenced the decision to drive. Female, older passengers, high-income passengers, and frequent flyers were more likely to continue flying. The finding confirms that the Trans Java Toll Road affected a decline in air demand on Java Island. However, traveling with family members, rather than airfare hikes, became a more substantial reason for air passengers to switch to driving the toll roads. This research found that air passengers were inelastic related to changes in travel time, while 6% were willing to switch due to airfare increases of 10%.     

Strategic design of precautionary measures for airport passengers in times of global health crisis Covid 19: Parametric modelling and processing algorithms

Presently, the negative results of a pandemic loom in a threatening manner on an international scale. Facilities such as airports have contributed significantly to the global spread of the COVID-19 virus. Therefore, in order to address this challenge, studies on sanitary risk management and the proper application of countermeasures should be carried out. To measure the consequences over passenger flow, simulation modelling has been set up at Casablanca Mohammed V International Airport. Several scenarios using daily traffic data were run in different circumstances. This allowed the development of some assumptions regarding the overall capacity of the airport. The proposed simulations make it possible to calculate the number of passengers to be processed in accordance with the available check-in counters based on the proposed sanitary measures.     

大型铁路客运站候车层商业布局优化研究

随着出行选择的多样化,铁路旅客对商业服务需求的差异性逐步增大。大型铁路客运站商业设施规模不断扩大,对客运设备发挥其正常功能造成一定干扰,而合理的商业设施布局可以在保证铁路运输功能正常运行的同时,提高客运站商业服务水平。因此以提高大型客运站商业设施布局合理性为优化目标,将其分解为降低商业设施对旅客流线的干扰性、提高商业设施之间的相关性及减少旅客走行距离3个子目标,构建候车层商业设施布局优化模型。以天津站为例,介绍天津站候车层商业布局现状,通过求解0-1规划模型,得到并分析优化结果;并对优化前后的候车层旅客行为进行仿真研究,验证优化后布局方案的合理性。     

The growing influence of low-cost carriers in Northeast Asia and its implications for a regional single aviation market

This paper provides an overview of the development of the low-cost carrier (LCC) sector in China, Japan, and South Korea. It is the first paper that documents LCC contributions to the passenger traffic and cheaper fares in Northeast Asia (NEA)'s intra-markets. We argue that a single aviation market can facilitate the growth of the LCC sector, which in turn will make a significant contribution to the NEA connectivity, mobility, and integration. In addition, with a single aviation market, NEA countries can adopt a proactive, unified approach in negotiating air transport agreements with the major aviation partners to maximize the interests of this region as a whole, which will further provide valuable growth opportunities for the LCCs.     

Hassles of cabin crew: An exploratory study

The purpose of this study was to explore the hassles of cabin crew. Based on content analysis, this study extracted four themes of hassles: job hassles, peer interaction hassles, passenger service hassles, and personal hassles. Job hassles come from the gap between work standards and practical operations, inadequate service capacities of aircraft facility, irregular work schedules, and emergencies. Peer interaction hassles include uneven work assignments among cabin crew, poor work cohesion among cabin crew, and poor work cohesion between cockpit crew and cabin crew. Passenger service hassles come from verbal and physical violence toward the cabin crew, sexual harassment toward the cabin crew, theft situations on night flights, and passengers concealing infectious diseases. Personal hassles include work-family conflicts and physical health problems. The findings of this study provided a further understanding on hassle experiences on cabin crew.