压力容器设计中可靠性安全系数法的应用探讨

压力容器的常规设计中,安全系数的确定完全是按经验估计的,具有较大的随意性.通过应用可靠性设计的基本方法,将压力容器的壁厚设计与允许破坏概率(或可靠度)联系起来,并与常规设计结果进行了比较.结果表明,常规设计规范中建议采用的安全系数通常偏大,偏于保守.为此,讨论了一种简便而实用的设计方法,即在常规设计公式中,以可靠性安全系数代替传统的经验安全系数,由此将安全系数的确定建立在容器允许破坏概率(或可靠度)的基础之上,从而使设计的压力容再在保证足够的可靠性前提下,尽量作到经济合理.     

An analytical theory of multi-echelon production/distribution systems

In this paper, we study inventory control problems arising in multi-echelon production/distribution chains. In these chains, material is delivered by outside suppliers, proceeds through a number of manufacturing stages, and is distributed finally among a number of local warehouses in order to meet market demand. Each stage requires a fixed leadtime; furthermore, we assume a stochastic, stationary end-item demand process.
The problem to balance inventory levels and service degrees can be modelled and analyzed by defining appropriate cost functions. Under an average cost criterion, we study the three most important structures arising in multi-echelon systems: assembly systems, serial systems and distribution systems. For all three systems, it is possible to prove exact decomposition results which reduce complex multi-dimensional control problems to simple one-dimensional problems. In addition, we establish the optimality of base-stock control policies.     

Investigating the effects of job demands and job resources on cabin crew safety behaviors

Cabin crews are crucial to the cabin safety performance of airlines, and may enhance air travel safety and alleviate passenger concerns. Within the limited literature devoted to cabin crew related research, this study aims to examine the causal relationships among “job demands”, “job resources” and cabin crew safety behaviors. Data from a survey of 339 flight attendants working for Taiwanese international airlines were analyzed using structural equation modeling. A variety of fit indices confirmed the overall model fit, and all the paths in the model were statistically significant. Framed in the context of the job demands-resources model, the results reveal negative causality between “job demands” and “cabin crew safety behaviors”, whereas “job resources” are positively related to “upward safety communication”, “in-role” and “extra-role” safety behaviors. The implications of the results for practitioners and future research are discussed.     

提高库存设备完好率的方法

运用六西格玛管理方法,设立六西格玛管理绿带项目一“提高库存设备完好率”这一课题;运用DMAIC逐步改进的方法,解决设备管理过程中出现的维修质量问题。对设备整修、整修验收、存放整个设备管理过程进行细致分析,最终提高库存设备完好率。通过对影响库存设备完好率的各种因素及影响程度,进行充分的分析、论证,最终确定影响设备完好率的关键因素X,对关键X影响问题Y（设备完好率）的贡献率进行计算,并提出改进措施。详细介绍了运用六西格玛管理方法中几种分析工具解决绿带问题的全过程,并对主要影响因素的X贡献率进行计算,针对影响库存完好率的关键因素,提出了最终解决问题的方案。     

A comparison of Norwegian and United States accounting students' learning style preferences

Individual differences among humans are apparent in many environments and situations. Educators should be concerned about whether such differences are systematic to such an extent that they significantly affect the effectiveness of various pedagogical methods and training approaches. This paper investigates one type of individual difference-learning style-which may vary across cultures and which may be relevant for both accounting education and audit practice. Learning style is defined as an individual orientation to learning, utilizing four basic modes of learning to various degrees.

Learning style measures were obtained from Norwegian and United States accounting students with varying experience levels. The learning styles for the US students were compared to data obtained in prior research and were found to be generally consistent with these studies. The Norwegian sample was compared to both the current United States results and prior research and was found to be significantly different from the US learning style preferences. Implications of these differences for both education and practice are explored.     

涡北煤矿创新物资管理工作的实践

立足物资管理工作实际,按照新区新机制要求,从加速储备金周转、改善库存结构入手,深入分析、总结了创新物资管理模式的实践过程和效果。     

出口灯具产品在IEC60598系列标准检验中的常见问题与分析

本文通过对2008年度和2009上半年在广东出入境检验检疫局报检的灯具产品具体情况进行统计,介绍了各类产品中的常见问题,并结合新版标准IEC60598-1：2003＋A1：2006对这些问题进行分析以及提出相应的解决方法。     

SOI在电子制造型企业中的应用

传统电子制造型企业库存管理面一临越来越多的挑战与困难，。变革势在必行。介绍了SOI概念、特点及价值，在此基础上，详实阐述SOI在电子制造型企业中应用推广的导入、准备及实施等三个阶段，具有很强的实践性。     

浅谈山地建厂总图设计中的几个问题

文章结合山地建厂设计工作实例，就总平面布置、竖向设计、土石方工程、物料运输、防洪、安全防护等问题进行分析，并提出了相应的技术方法。