随机型连续盘点订货模型中供应链周期服务水平的波动和优化

对存在数量折扣和运费折扣的随机型连续盘点库存策略,进行了建模和分析,设计了供需双方合作的库存策略和订货策略,给出了理想的经济订货量和订货价格的甄选方法流程,模型确定了供应链理想的周期服务水平,证明了在该策略下,理想周期服务水平对于订货批量具有相对稳定性,并分析了此稳定性对供应链整体的重要意义,以及模型近似的合理性。在这个服务水平上,确定了再订货点和安全库存,并分析了该策略对供应链各方在管理措施方面的启示。利用该模型进行库存和订货决策,设计供应链合同,可以在不伤害服务水平的基础上,降低供应链总成本。     

基于提前期和价格折扣的延迟交货和库存策略研究

研究了基于提前期和价格折扣的延迟交货和库存策略,其中的价格折扣是基于提前期的价格折扣,即当出现缺货而不能在既定的提前期内交货时,企业就会提供一个价格折扣,这时会有一部分顾客愿意等待,直到订单被满足,即延迟交货。其中,愿意等待延迟交货的比例跟提前期成反比关系,提前期的各部分都可以通过增加成本来实现压缩。     

CHC水泥集团库存优化管理解决方案

库存管理作为生产管理的重要内容,是企业降低成本,增强市场竞争优势,提高经济效益的重要手段。论文在对CHC（嘉新京阳）水泥集团库存控制现状进行分析的基础上,揭示了该集团库存管理所存在的问题,提出了CHC水泥集团库存控制策略和控制模型;同时,为保证库存控制策略的实施,结合实际情况,对CHC水泥集团库存业务流程和组织进行了调整,并将信息管理系统升级到ERP系统以配合库存管理新策略实施。     

供应链环境下库存管理绩效评价研究

针对目前供应链库存管理绩效评价不足的现状,根据供应链库存管理的特点与特殊性,提出了供应链库存管理绩效评价原则,建立了相应的绩效评价指标体系,运用AHP法确定各项指标相应权重,建立了供应链环境下的库存控制绩效模糊综合评判模型,并进行了算例应用。     

从博弈的角度看中小股东解决纠纷的过程--从一个流行模型的残缺谈起

经研究发现 ,张维迎教授在 2 0 0 1年第五版的《博弈论与信息经济学》中所借用的承诺要胁诉讼博弈例子中对诉讼费用的处理有点不妥 ,便作出了适当的调整 ,但却得出了令人沮丧的结论 :承诺要胁诉讼不成立 !继续研究发现只有打破这种败诉风险由当事人承担的机制 ,才能传递出有力量的信号 ,才能做到真正的威胁 ,那就是建立“生死与共”的竞争性的律师定价机制和保费率真正是胜诉率信号的诉讼费用保险机制与最经济的诉讼程序与非诉讼程序、保障其实现的机制和可供的备选机制。本文论证了其合理性     

The rise of defensive engineering: how personal liability considerations impact decision-making

Abstract

Based on a survey of Australian engineers (n = 275) this paper examines the impact of personal liability considerations on engineering decision-making. Almost all respondents who make high-stakes decisions saw questions of liability as having both positive (90%) and negative (87%) impacts. Our analysis shows that awareness of personal liability acts to focus the attention of many engineers on the moral dimension of their work. However, it also encourages more expensive decision-making, inhibition of innovation and professional paralysis. We argue that while personal legal liability is a legitimate way to focus engineers’ attention on the potential impact of their work, a problem arises when decision-makers are held responsible for disasters over which they had little control. The focus then shifts to ‘defensive engineering’ practices that are aimed at limiting individual liability rather than disaster prevention. Legal processes that are seen to unfairly allocate blame do not encourage practices that support future disaster prevention.     

The future of India's obsolete dams: Time to review their safety and structural integrity

India has built over 5000 large dams till date to boost electric power and to enhance irrigated agriculture. In spite of this big dam building venture, India lacks expertise in decommissioning old dams. As a matter of fact, India has more than 500 large dams that were built 50 years ago, and 100 of them have passed over a century. This article analyses the existing facts on India's outdated dams, their safety matters and recommends future strategies to safeguard the large dams from potential future threats.     

Investigating the effects of job demands and job resources on cabin crew safety behaviors

Cabin crews are crucial to the cabin safety performance of airlines, and may enhance air travel safety and alleviate passenger concerns. Within the limited literature devoted to cabin crew related research, this study aims to examine the causal relationships among “job demands”, “job resources” and cabin crew safety behaviors. Data from a survey of 339 flight attendants working for Taiwanese international airlines were analyzed using structural equation modeling. A variety of fit indices confirmed the overall model fit, and all the paths in the model were statistically significant. Framed in the context of the job demands-resources model, the results reveal negative causality between “job demands” and “cabin crew safety behaviors”, whereas “job resources” are positively related to “upward safety communication”, “in-role” and “extra-role” safety behaviors. The implications of the results for practitioners and future research are discussed.     

The impact of vertical integration on inventory turnover and operating performance

This paper investigates how vertical integration may influence inventory turnover and firm operating performance. A causal model is developed to investigate the effects of vertical integration on three types of inventory, namely raw materials inventory (RMI), work in progress inventory (WIPI) and finished goods inventory (FGI). The model tests the interactions between inventory types and the consequences of inventory turnover performance on various aspects of firm performance including costs and profitability. In particular, path analysis supports systematic differences with respect to how vertical integration affects RMI, WIPI and FGI. Vertical integration has a positive effect on RMI and FGI turnover but no significant effect on WIPI turnover. FGI contributes to a reduction in supporting processes costs which causes an improvement in return on sales (ROSs). Vertical integration impacts ROS directly.     

食品机械安全卫生设计

本文在对食品机械安全卫生设计问题研究过程中,立足于实际工作情况,从自身工作经验角度出发,分析食品机械安全卫生设计的相关内容,重点从食品加工和机械安全方面出发,探讨其设计的基本内容。