Does the constraint matter? A note on the asymptotic properties of nonparametric instrumental variable estimation under monotonicity shape constraint

I show that constrained monotone instrumental variable estimators are asymptotically equivalent to their unconstrained counterparts whenever the true regression function is in the interior of the constrained set. In a simulation study, a sieve-based constrained estimator is shown to outperform the unconstrained one even in cases where both are asymptotically equivalent.     

Political and Interlocking Connections in the Boardroom on Private Equity Placements

This study examines the influence of directors who are politically connected and/or have boardroom interlocking on private equity placements (PEPs) in Chinese listed firms. We document that interlocked directors can significantly influence the propensity to apply for PEPs and approval of PEPs and reduce the cost of PEPs while providing greater access to proceeds from PEPs through lowering information asymmetry and information cost. Although politically connected directors have a significant role in the approval of PEPs, they are more likely to reduce the monitoring effects and increase agency problems, which lead to increased cost of PEPs and reduced proceeds from PEPs. The results also reveal that political connection diminishes the benefits of interlocking directors for firms having directors with both interlocking and political ties.     

计算机网络发展存在的威胁及其解决策略

当前,在随着计算机网络时代不断的进步发展,而全球市场的信息化管理也已经逐渐成为发展的主要趋势,然而,由于计算机网络是一种联结形式的网络开放式、多样性,具有终端分布的不均匀性以及互连性等一些主要特征,从而就会导致网络极易受到威胁,因此,对于网络信息的保密性和安全性则是非常重要的一个问题。不管是在广域网中还是局域网中,人为因素或者是自然因素都会存在一定的潜在威胁。对此,为了计算机网络会有一个良好的发展空间就必须要提高它的安全管理措施,以全方位、多角度的对待各种潜在的威胁,从而保证网络信息具有保密性以及完整性。     

儿童除法策略的稳定性和变化性

通过对四到七年级的儿童解决32个简单的除法问题的调查,发现儿童在简单问题的除法计算上的表现存在着年龄的差异以及问题大小的影响作用。加法策略和乘法策略两种策略随年龄不同而变化。本文还讨论了提取策略不被常用和不随年龄变化的原因。总之,结果表明除法运算是一个独有的操作,对除法运算的后续研究可能会对更进一步理解算术的程序和概念上的知识是如何发展具有重要意义。     

基于多损伤感知的全光网络RWA算法研究

全光网络中如何规避物理层损伤实现光信号高质量传输是一个关键问题,本文在构建多约束OSNR模型的基础上,提出了一种基于分层图的多损伤感知MIA-RWA算法,仿真结果表明,MIA-RWA算法能获得较低的阻塞率,有效改善网络的传输质量。     

Allocation inequality in cost sharing problem

This paper considers the problem of cost sharing, in which a coalition of agents, each endowed with an input, shares the output cost incurred from the total inputs of the coalition. Two allocations—average cost pricing and the Shapley value—are arguably the two most widely studied solution concepts to this problem. It is well known in the literature that the two allocations can be respectively characterized by different sets of axioms and they share many properties that are deemed reasonable. We seek to bridge the two allocations from a different angle–allocation inequality. We use the partial order: Lorenz order (or majorization) to characterize allocation inequality and we derive simple conditions under which one allocation Lorenz dominates (or is majorized by) the other. Examples are given to show that the two allocations are not always comparable by Lorenz order. Our proof, built on solving minimization problems of certain Schur-convex or Schur-concave objective functions over input vectors, may be of independent interest.     

远程教育质量监控平台建设问题分析

远程教育是我们给予厚望的教育模式,对于提高整个国民的受教育程度,以及建设终生教育体系具有重要作用,但由于各种原因我们对于远程教育质量监控平台的建设相对滞后,政府、不同高校对远程教育的定位、资源配置、实施方式等方面存在诸多冲突,内外监控体系建设、标准设置等问题也尚待解决,故有必然对远程教育质量监控平台建设过程中的问题作综合分析,为我们最终达成对远程教育的预期目标奠定基础。     

泉州市中小企业融资问题探析

中小企业对福建省泉州市的经济发展作出了重要贡献,但近年来受金融危机影响,中小企业发展面临巨大困境,其中以融资难为典型代表。如何突破中小企业的融资瓶颈,是近年来学术界和企业界人士共同关注和探讨的热门话题。文章从泉州市中小企业融资的现状出发,探讨了泉州市中小企业的融资难问题主要表现在自身融资能力有限、直接融资和间接融资受国家政策和银行制度的严格限制以及融资体系不完善等方面,进而分析其成因并提出相应对策。     

黑龙江省对俄贸易在稳步发展中前行

作为边境省份，黑龙江省在对俄经贸方面处于最前沿。据统计，黑龙江对俄贸易、投资、经济合作及劳务的贸易额占到全国对俄贸易总量的五分之一。目前，黑龙江省正在推进一大批对俄重点投资项目，在中俄经贸合作领域中占有突出的位置。预计随着中俄经贸合作的不断深化，黑龙江在对俄贸易中的桥头堡作用将愈加显著。     

对建筑安装施工企业管理体制改革的探讨

本文从建筑安装施工企业管理体制中存在的问题入手进行分析,进一步提出了改善这些问题的措施,可以有效指导建筑安装施工企业进行管理体制改革。