双线铁路列车调度阶段计划自动调整的遗传算法

列车运行调整是一类NP完全问题,在借鉴国内外专家对铁路列车运行自动调整研究成果的基础上,建立双线铁路列车调度阶段计划自动调整数学模型,并给出相关约束表达式。根据遗传算法原理,对阶段计划自动调整模型进行优化,采用罚函数法对约束条件进行处理,建立基于惩罚函数的适应度函数,采用交叉、变异等技术给出遗传算法的基本求解步骤。     

铁路装车地直达列车组织研究

铁路装车地直达列车作为一种高效的车流组织形式,可以提升铁路货物运输效率和服务质量,对于增强铁路运输市场竞争力具有积极作用。分析铁路车流的3种典型运输模式,以所有货车的总运输时间最短为优化目标,建立装车地直达列车编组计划优化的线性0-1规划模型,利用MATLAB软件求解。通过算例分析,验证了在装车量较小的装车站或装车量较大而无法满足整列出车条件的装车站组织开行装车地直达列车的合理性。     

高峰时段城际铁路列车停站方案研究

为缓解高峰客流拥堵,提高列车服务能力,通过对各种运行列车组在沿途中间站的停站组合分析,推导出始发站列车发车间隔的计算公式。以此为基础,构建以站间服务可达性、列车到达时间、旅客候车时间等作为主要约束条件,旅客旅行时间消耗最小化为目标的非线性0-1规划模型,同步优化城际铁路客流高峰时段的列车停站方案与运行图。根据模型特点设计遗传算法对算例进行求解,验证设计的模型及算法可行,能够为制定城际铁路列车停站方案提供参考。     

Identification of determinants for rescheduling travel mode choice and transportation policies to reduce car use in urban areas

This paper presents a qualitative analysis about the determinants related to rescheduling travel mode decisions during the activity scheduling process. Notably, we were interested to study changes between intention and behavior. Data used came from an in-depth Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI) follow up survey to habitual drivers carried out during the implementation of a panel survey. An interpretative qualitative method based on Analytic Induction was used to cope with the complex nature of rescheduling decisions and the characteristics of the data. The Theory of Planned Behavior has been used to gain a better understanding of the reasons associated with rescheduling travel mode decisions and to obtain a possible explanation of the phenomena studied. In our sample, 12 codes were identified as the main determinants of travel mode changing. Main reasons for rescheduling a travel mode are different considering gender, age, and the type of travel mode change. Main reasons for changing a nonprivate preplanned travel mode to a private travel mode are different considering the type of travel mode preplanned. New determinants of rescheduling decisions different from those associated with other activity scheduling decisions previously identified emerge when analyzing travel mode changes. A number of important sustainable transportation policies to reduce car use in urban areas are derived from the results of this study.     

A rolling horizon approach to the high speed train rescheduling problem in case of a partial segment blockage

This paper reschedules train services on a double-track high speed railway in a disrupted situation, where one track of a segment is temporarily unavailable. We have to decide the sequence of train services passing through the blocked segment, the arrival and departure time of each train service at each station, and the canceled train services. Three practical train rescheduling strategies are explicitly compared and formulated by three MILP models. The uncertain duration of the disruption is handled. A rolling horizon approach is applied to solve our models. The models are tested on a real-world instance of the Beijing-Shanghai high speed railway.     

列车运行图布线方法研究

针对列车运行图的铺画,在有关研究的基础上,设计了基于运行线分解的列车运行图布线方法。根据列车运行图的布线条件及冲突解决方法,通过在列车-区间动态搜索树上寻找一条由初始节点出发至结束节点的路径,并据此得到较好的运行图铺画方案。该算法适用于周期、非周期、单线和双线列车运行图,能在较短的时间内解决运行线的冲突问题。数值算例结果表明,其对中小规模的运行图收敛速度较快。     

基于换乘协调的城市轨道交通列车开行方案优化

针对目前我国城市轨道交通列车开行方案对于线路之间的换乘协调问题考虑较少存在的问题,结合城市轨道交通旅客换乘的特点,构建换乘机理模型,并以车站换乘旅客平均等待时间最短作为目标函数,设计优化模型对列车开行方案进行优化。通过算例分析,说明优化效果较为明显,对于地铁等城市轨道交通运营有一定的参考价值。     

青藏铁路低密度列车运行控制系统方案研究

青藏铁路具有日常行车密度低、突发运能需求高、沿线自然环境恶劣、维护成本高等特点。在分析目前青藏铁路增强型列车运行控制系统运用现状的基础上,根据青藏铁路行车密度较低的特点,制订低密度列车运行控制系统目标,提出青藏铁路低密度列车运行控制系统总体方案,分析基于北斗卫星导航的列车定位、宽带无线信息传输、移动闭塞、列车完整性检查、智能调度集中、列车自动驾驶等低密度列车运行控制系统关键技术的实现方法,以达到降低系统部署和运营成本,提高系统可靠性,提升运输效率的目的。     

完善本科财务管理专业建设的思考

本科财务管理的培养目标应当定位在培养服务与工商企业、金融企业及其他部门的理财专业人才:在课程设计时,要把金融学和会计学专业的主干课程作为财务管理专业主干课的支撑;在教学内容的安排上.要注意协调解决重复交叉和相互衔接的问题。     

培养新世纪高素质人才的思考

知识经济需要高素质人才,高素质人才应具有主体意识和创新精神。为适应时代对人才的需求,高等教育要进行多层次,全方位的改革。整合知识,拓宽专业面,理渗透,使培养的学生具有良好的心理素质和宽阔的知识视野,以适应新世纪的挑战。