Is transportation improving urbanization in China?

This study applies the rolling-window causality test to analyze the interaction between transportation infrastructure and urbanization in China. Our results obviously support search-matching theory in that transportation infrastructure exerts positive effects on urbanization in sub-sample periods. Urbanization does not Granger cause transportation infrastructure development except for the 1977–1980 period, when urbanization exerted negative effects on transportation infrastructure. The transportation structure is inadequate, and rational allocation of transportation resources is needed to improve the level of urbanization. This means that transportation improves urbanization due to government investment and regional integration. Development of transportation infrastructure has been rapid, which improved urbanization during the Great Cultural Revolution period. Urbanization urgently needs to keep up with the development of traffic infrastructure construction by adding to traffic investment. Transportation infrastructure requires whole planning, a unified layout, and rational adjustment of the transportation structure.     

IS POOLING LEAD‐TIME RISK BY SPLITTING ORDERS SIMULTANEOUSLY WORTHWHILE?

A large body of research is based on the proposition that pooling lead‐time risk by splitting orders simultaneously can offer significant opportunities to reduce inventory system costs. This paper investigates that proposition for a broad range of industry conditions, as well as for a high‐tech company in a global setting. The investigation considers important cost elements not included in previous work to conduct a realistic assessment of the value proposition. The results indicate that, even under favorable conditions, the proposition is worthwhile only when lead‐time variability and unit values are unusually high. Managerial implications and new research directions are discussed in light of these findings.     

Optimisation of the exploitation period of individual vehicles in freight transportation companies

The individual vehicle replacement problem typical for freight transportation companies is discussed in the paper. Two characteristic features of such problem are that transportation companies utilise vehicles with intensity decreasing with an age of vehicles and that managers of such companies first of all take into account economical criteria when planning vehicle replacements. The paper presents a single criterion, nonlinear, deterministic and discrete mathematical model of such a problem that minimises a total exploitation and ownership costs calculated per kilometre. The exact solution procedure is proposed here. The problem is solved as a real life case study. As a result, an average, economically optimal 5-year exploitation period of vehicles has been determined.     

基于物流人才能力需求的《运输经济学》课程建设研究

以《运输经济学》为例,分析了物流管理专业核心课程基于案例教学的课程建设新途径,并介绍了基于案例教学的《运输经济学》课程创新教学方法与内容。     

1927-1949年国民政府经济建设外债研究

本文分阶段研究国民政府1927-1949年经济建设外债的债务规模、债权国以及经济建设外债用途的变化和特点.经济建设外债规模并没有因抗战的爆发而骤减.经济建设外债债权国趋向集中,从战前老牌资本主义国家转向战时反法西斯主要同盟国再到战后以美国为主.因中国在世界反法西斯战争中的特殊地位,战时经济建设外债借款和还款方式相比战前...     

自贸港背景下海南与南太平洋岛国外贸发展思考

2018年4月13日,在海南省经济特区创办30周年大会的讲话上,以习近平同志为核心的党中央决定在海南设立自由贸易区,建设首个"中国特色自由贸易港"。党中央赋予海南的重大使命和历史责任,将为海南省的发展带来重大的契机。本文以海南自由贸易区(港)的政策条件为大背景,分析海南农业发展具有的优势,并以南太平洋岛国作为研究对象,深入分析海南省和南太平洋岛之间的区位优势,将两个地方的优势进行互补,从而促进双方经济的飞跃发展,实现双赢。     

Integrating lifecycle asset management in the public sector

Lifecycle management of assets is essential for cost-effective maintenance and long-term economic viability. Properly maintained infrastructure provides significant economic advantages. Neglecting maintenance leads to lower productivity and imposes costs on users. Furthermore, delayed maintenance significantly increases total costs associated with repair or replacement. Lifecycle asset management should be used in the public sector to manage large-scale assets such as transportation infrastructure in a cost-effective manner. Yet, state governments have had little incentive to provide proactive maintenance. To address the infrastructure capital investment backlog, particularly acute in transportation, government priorities need to be coupled with long-term economic accountability. In addition, funding and financial reporting mechanisms should be created to ensure effective and efficient lifecycle asset management decisions. Public-private partnerships (PPP) also need to be fostered to help address regional deficiencies in infrastructure.     

交通可达性、边界效应与中国跨境贸易发展——基于沿边地区的空间计量分析

降低城市边界效应,对于促进要素流动、推动跨境贸易发展具有重要意义。本文基于空间经济学的分析框架,构建了交通可达性和边界效应对沿边地区进出口贸易影响的理论模型,利用2000—2013年中国沿边地区76个地级市与毗邻国家的贸易数据及自身内贸数据,以跨境可达性来反映沿边城市的交通可达性并进行实证分析。结果证实:沿边城市与周边地区的进出口贸易存在显著的空间相关性,如果忽略空间效应的影响,则会带来边界效应的高估;交通可达性、经济规模对于跨境贸易发展发挥着显著的正向影响,而边界效应和城市化率则具有负面效应;交通可达性对沿边城市进口贸易的影响具有明显的空间外溢效应,但对其出口贸易的影响仅具有直接效应。区域异质性分析结果表明,交通可达性的提高有利于降低边界效应的不利影响,且对经济基础薄弱的西南地区改善作用最大。为更好地促进沿边城市的跨境贸易高质量发展,应当加快跨境交通网络建设,不断提升边境地区城市化质量,并实施差异化的沿边开放政策。     

粮食仓库仓顶输送设备选型分析

粮食仓库仓顶入仓工艺及设备的选择,应根据项目不同的功能,分析投资和使用成本,来合理选用仓顶多点卸料的形式,满足业主的特殊要求。基于此,主要针对粮食筒仓的仓顶输送设备选型进行分析。     

我国运输服务贸易竞争力的国际比较

我国运输服务贸易逆差连年增大且这种状况在短期内仍将持续,本文基于进出口数据对我国运输服务贸易的国际市场占有率指标、显示性比较优势指数、贸易专业化指数进行了国别比较。分析表明,我国运输服务贸易出口竞争力极弱。在服务贸易自由化趋势下,作为我国服务贸易重要项目的运输服务业要改变其落后的地位,必须从贸易体制、政府作为、行业协会、人才培养等各方面着手进行改善,以满足运输服务贸易进一步发展的要求。