伙伴国贸易便利化对中国出口的影响——基于跨国实证研究

中国与伙伴国之间的传统关税与非关税壁垒逐渐降到相对较低水平,贸易便利化水平在中国对外贸易发展中愈显重要。运用2009—2019年中国116个贸易伙伴国的跨国面板数据,从硬件基础设施和软性基础设施两个方面,实证分析了伙伴国贸易便利化水平对中国出口的影响。研究发现:在硬件方面,伙伴国交通和通信基础设施对中国出口均有较强促进作用,发展中国家硬件基础设施对中国出口的促进作用强于发达国家。在软性基础设施方面,海关环境对中国出口有正向促进作用,规则环境对中国出口的影响较弱;发展中国家软性基础设施对中国出口的影响也大于发达国家。     

数字时代金融数据跨境流动的风险与规制研究

数字时代经济和社会发展对金融数据跨境流动提出新要求。金融数据是金融信息的重要载体,由于金融数据的敏感性,其跨境流动涉及公民个人隐私、金融机构自身利益乃至国家金融安全。在实践中,如果对金融数据跨境流动缺乏有效规制,不仅难以发掘金融数据的潜在价值,而且还将引发各类风险。当前,美欧针对金融数据跨境流动采取不同的规制模式。美国对金融数据跨境流动的限制日趋宽松;欧盟对金融数据跨境流动规制主要以《一般数据保护条例》(GDPR)为框架,更加强调保护个人权利。为应对金融数据跨境流动风险,我国有必要进一步完善金融数据跨境流动的规制措施,形成金融数据跨境流动分级监管的规制思路。与此同时,加强对个人金融信息的保护和金融机构自身数据合规体系建设,积极开展双边及多边合作,有效利用金融数据的价值。     

计提资产减值准备谁受益

谨慎性原则是基本的会计准则之一,《企业会计准则》规定企业应合理地计提资产减值准备,这项政策既使企业可以正确、公允地报出自己拥有资产的价值,也使信息使用者能得到对决策相关有用的信息,同时又利于税务机关对税收的控制。尽管对政策的不合理利用仍然存在,但随着制度的健全,会计人员素质的提高,政策实用性的前景很被看好。     

高速移动数据传输新标准IEEE 802.20

介绍了未来高速移动通信新标准IEEE802．20的总体概况，具体分析了IEEE802．20的技术特性、系统参考结构以及系统的组成模型，并对IEEE802．20标准前景分析与展望进行了详细描述。     

一种基于信号机制在UNIX实时应用中快速传递信息的方法

在多进程的实时应用程序中，进程之间往往需要通过传递一些信息来达到资源共享的目的。介绍了一种基于信号机制在UNIX实时应用中的两个进程之间实现快速传递信息的方法，提高了实时性。     

The quality of cooking oil used in informal food processing in Malawi: a preliminary study

A survey was conducted in Lilongwe city urban markets in Malawi, to assess the quality of cooking oil used for frying potato chips. Purposive sampling was performed to come up with respondents who were using vegetable oils. A stratified random sampling was used to select the 32 informal food processors who were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Oil samples were collected from the most commonly used brand of oil. Fifteen respondents were selected and these were divided into three categories of five: those who were not reusing the oil, those who were reusing the oil and those who were preparing potato chips and chicken in the same oil, for chemical analysis. The preliminary results showed that while the majority (59.4%) of the informal food processors discarded the oil after 1 day, 3.1% discarded it after 4 days and another 12.5% after 3 days. A larger proportion of the respondents (40.6%) used the leftover oils at home, 37.5% kept it in oil bottles, 3.1% kept it in plastic papers for reuse the following day. Also, most respondents (57%) indicated dark colour as the sign of oil deterioration, 29% discarded the oil after noticing foam formation while 8.2% and 6.1% said they discarded the oil after noticing a bad smell and food absorbing the oils respectively. A physical observation of the various oils showed that for most of the respondents (34%), the oils were dark brown in colour, in 22%, the oils were slightly dark brown and 16%, the oils were brown. Foam formation was noticed in 13% of the respondents. It was also noted that 91% of the respondents had not been trained or briefed of food quality and safety issues. A chemical analysis of the oils showed high values of free fatty acids (range, 0.84–1.4112 compared with 0.42 in the fresh oil) and peroxide values (range 14.7–16.6 compared with 9.0 in the fresh oil). It may be concluded that the oils being used by the informal food processors in Malawi are of poor quality and so the foods cooked in them may be a health hazard to the consumers and the processors themselves. Although this work in ongoing, it may be recommended at the outset that the health department of the city assemblies should inspect these oils for the good health of the consumers.     

美军战术数据链格式化消息标准的发展

首先介绍了战术数据链及格式化消息的概念、特点及消息体系的层次结构,在此基础上对美军战术数据链格式化消息标准的发展历程及为满足信息化战争的需要而不断完善和发展的新趋势进行了详细分析,最后对我国战术数据链格式化消息标准的发展提出了建议。     

分块自适应图像稀疏分解

针对图像稀疏分解的计算时间复杂度非常高这个问题，提出了分块自适应图像稀疏分解算法。该算法根据稀疏分解计算时间复杂度和待分解图像大小之间的关系。把待分解图像分成互不重叠的小块。然后对每个小块图像进行稀疏分解。根据每一块的复杂程度。自适应地决定稀疏分解的结束。实验结果表明。在分解原子个数相近或相同的条件下。新算法对稀疏分解后重建图像比在整幅图像上进行稀疏分解重建的图像质量下降0．5dB。但计算速度提高了约15倍。     

An Empirical Investigation of Composite Product Choice

Prior ingredient branding research has examined the influence of “stated” factors such as fit between partner brands on composite product (e.g., Tide with Downy fabric softener) attitudes. This research focuses on choice of composite products, and addresses three managerially relevant questions: Which consumer segments are more likely to adopt the composite product? Will the choice of the composite product have positive or negative reciprocal effects on partner brands? Will the introduction of the composite product benefit the primary or the secondary brand more? The authors use a brand choice model to investigate the “revealed” choice of complements-based composite products. Study results indicate that (i) despite high fit between the composite product and the primary brand, consumer segments may have different choice likelihoods for these products, whereas prior research suggests equal likelihood; (ii) the choice of a composite product may not provide a positive reciprocal effect to the secondary brand; and (iii) the introduction of a composite product may benefit the primary brand more than the secondary brand, whereas prior research suggests a symmetrical benefit for the partner brands. Finally, the finding that introducing a composite product may not cannibalize the sale of the primary brand extends the ingredient branding literature, which has been silent on this issue.     

Utilizing the access value of customers

Customers are critical resources for the success of any business, not only because they bring in sales and profits directly, but also because of their access value in a world that is becoming increasingly interconnected. However, the mechanisms by which the customer access value may be exploited and the implication for management has not been well understood. Access value can be defined as the worth of utilizing patrons for further marketing and sales of value-added or third party products. The access value, which mainly results from the aggregation of the customer base and customer data, is essentially a corporation's internalized asset. This article shows that the size of the customer base and the extent of engagement have a significant impact on the customer access value. To develop and gain the benefits of customer access value, traditional business models often need to be transformed: firms and platforms should provide free or subsidized products to attract people and then embed value-added products to make money. The success of the new business model depends on not only the right pricing and product strategies, but also an embedding strategy.