汶川地震灾后重建资金筹集方式探究

汶川大地震给我国造成了巨大损失,尤其使四川面临着经济建设与发展的严峻考验。资金来源对于灾后的重建是关键问题。财政资金、对口支援、国内外援助等资金筹措渠道固然重要,但灾区的未来发展不能光靠扶助。本文在阐述了上述筹资方式的基础上,基于多种筹资方式互补的思想,对灾后资金的特点、优劣势及其灾后重建的适用性进行了再思考,进一步探究灾区筹资方式的多样化与互补性。     

Disaster‐Relief Logistics With Limited Fuel Supply

Disaster‐relief logistics consists of providing adequate emergency supplies rapidly to the affected people so as to minimize human suffering and death. This study empirically examines the impact that the shortage of fuel, a commonly encountered problem in many disaster situations, can have on the effectiveness of disaster‐relief logistics operations. We focus on investigating the following two issues: (1) whether the shortage of fuel is more damaging in attaining logistical goals than the equivalent‐sized shortage in emergency supplies themselves, and (2) what types of vehicles should be used when the fuel supply is limited. Results suggest that the shortage of fuel may be more damaging than the shortage of emergency supplies, and that smaller trucks may be preferred to larger trucks when the shortage of fuel becomes severe.     

Perceptions of pre-service teachers on seismic risk and their implications for science education: a comparative study between Spain and Portugal

Abstract

This study investigated the importance given by two groups of pre-service teachers of primary education from Spain and Portugal to seismic risk in a framework of different natural risks, both in personal terms and as future teachers. A questionnaire was used for data collection. Some questions about the seismic phenomenon were also included. The sample groups consisted of 110 students from an institution in Spain and 121 from one in Portugal. Both institutions are in cities affected by the historic Lisbon earthquake of 1755. The results showed that the risk of forest fire was the first choice for classroom study in both cases. The Spanish group was also more focused on the importance of other risks like flood and drought. The Portuguese group showed a greater concern with seismic risk, frequently referring to their own historic earthquake of 1755. A few gaps in knowledge concerning earthquake prediction and comparing seismic risk in different regions of their own countries were also found. In accordance with the results, it is suggested that training courses for primary school teachers should include Disaster Risk Education in Science Education for a better understanding of the impact of various hazards and a greater concern with seismic risk due to its particular features, especially in regions where the seismic pattern is characterized by long seismic cycles with major earthquake episodes.     

Global Trends and Issues in Value Added Taxation

Since the late 1960s, the VAT has become one of the mainstays of the tax systems in over one hundred countries. Apparently, its revenue raising and neutrality properties make it an attractive tax in a rapidly integrating, high-tax world. Following an overview of VATs throughout the world, this article examines various VAT structure and policy issues under the following headings: tax coverage features, tax base aspects, hard-to-tax sectors, rate structure issues, and interjurisdictional coordination problems. It is shown that the normative requirements of a good VAT are often met only in the breach.     

数字图书馆容灾系统的分析与构建

在高校数字图书馆建设过程中，如何充分利用资源优势，建设符合高校图书馆的数据容灾系统，从而提高数字图书馆信息化应用的服务水平。本文针对数字图书馆容灾的现状和存在的主要问题，分析了数字图书馆数据灾难的种类和容灾技术的基本原理，提出了相应的容灾解决方案。     

“资源劫难”假说的实证检验及政策启示

世界许多资源型国家的发展实践显示，自然禀赋与一些国家或地区的经济增长之间存在显著的负相关关系，由此形成所谓的“资源劫难”假说。从中心-外围论、贸易条件恶化论、荷兰病到资源诅咒论等也均揭示出资源禀赋与经济发展之间的悖论。本文以此现实问题为背景，在分析相关理论的基础上，深入讨论了资源劫难或诅咒的成因，并以中国煤炭资源大省山西为例进行验证，进而提出了相应的对策建议。     

论"旅游目的地"与"旅游过境地"

旅游地的空间竞争与合作是当前学术界颇为关注的一个热点问题.处在同一旅游线路①上的不同旅游地之间产业和产品的空间竞争与合作是区域旅游竞争与合作的典型代表,较少有学者进行研究.本文在回顾以往研究成果的基础上,分析了旅游目的地与旅游过境地在竞争与合作中旅游产业定位和空间布局等重大问题对两地在旅游开发、投资等方面的影响.     

文学旅游地的遗产保护与开发——南京夫子庙李香君故居和王谢古居案例研究

本文以南京夫子庙李香君故居和王谢古居为例,从文化遗产角度探讨文学旅游景点的开发.笔者以文学遗产旅游地特征模型和文学遗产旅游地产品开发模型为依托,通过问卷调查和EXCEL软件进行数据分析,研究造访文学遗产地游客群体特征、旅游目的、对景点事先了解程度、旅游者对文学遗产旅游地的感知和旅游者对旅游地满意度等.通过对旅游者体验和期望之间的差异分析提出文学遗产旅游地如何制定市场开发策略.     

乡村旅游地发展过程中的"公地悲剧"研究——以杭州梅家坞、龙坞茶村、山沟沟景区为例

乡村旅游地发展过程中的环境退化、村民无序争夺有限资源等"公地悲剧"现象十分普遍.乡村旅游资源的产权属性决定了"公地悲剧"产生的必然性,它表现为公共资源利用无度、公共秩序混沌失序和公共福利供给短缺,导致了乡村旅游核心资源迅速耗损和旅游品牌资产快速衰减,并严重影响了乡村旅游目的地的可持续发展.本文采用田野作业方法,主要分析了杭州梅家坞荼文化村、龙坞荼村和山沟沟景区"公地悲剧"的产生原因及其演变情况.文章还探讨了地方政府主导型、外来投资者主导型和农村集体组织主导型3种制度模式来解决乡村旅游中"公地悲剧"的基本思路.     

Assessing the Effects of Service Quality,Past Experience,and Destination Image on Behavioral Intentions in the Spring Training Camp of a Japanese Professional Baseball Team

This study aimed to examine the theoretical relationships between service quality, past experience, destination image, and behavioral intentions in the spring training camp of a professional baseball team in Japan. The results indicate that the service quality of spring training camps was divided into five factors: (1) place, (2) enjoyment, (3) information, (4) fan interaction, and (5) operating time. The findings suggest that service quality and past experience had positive effects on both destination image and behavioral intentions. Behavioral intentions were also highly influenced by destination image. Future research and managerial implications are also discussed.