医学专科教育临床思维培养的短板及对策

医学专科教育是我国现行的医学教育组成部分,与本科教育相比,存在学制短,生源能力偏低状况。如何在学制不变,生源维持现状的基础上,培养符合"全球医学教育最基本要求"的医学生,必须找出"需要"与现行培养目标的差距,特别是对阻碍医学生临床思维形成的因素进行改革,从专科层次培养出符合社会需求的医学人才。     

What explains the performance of students in a heterogeneous environment? Conditional efficiency estimation with continuous and discrete environmental variables

Efficiency estimations which do not account for the operational environment where production units are operating in may have only a limited value. This article presents a fully nonparametric framework to estimate relative performance of production units when accounting for continuous and discrete background variables. Using insights from recent developments in nonparametric econometrics, we show how conditional efficiency scores can be estimated using a tailored mixed kernel function with a data-driven bandwidth selection. The methodology is applied to the sample of Dutch pupils from the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development's Programme for International Student Assessment (OECD PISA) data set. We estimate students' performance and the influence of its background characteristics. The results of our application show that several family- and student-specific characteristics have a statistically significant effect on the educational efficiency, while school-level variables do not have impact on performance.     

Social mobility and inequality in urban China: understanding the role of intergenerational transmission of education

China’s rapid economic growth since the late 1980s has been accompanied by great economic and social transformations, which have resulted in a sharp increase in income inequality. This article contributes to the literature of social mobility in China by examining the impact of parental education on the education of their children. Using the 1990 and 2000 Chinese Population Censuses, we employ nonparametric estimation strategies to provide a systematic investigation of intergenerational transmission of education in urban China. We find evidence of increasing parents–children educational correlations. Our results raise concerns regarding economic inequality in urban China as high intergenerational persistence of education is expected to be a barrier to equal opportunities in children’s education attainments and their future labour market outcomes.     

我国实现教育公平的几点思考

我国由计划经济体制向市场经济体制转型过程中,社会财富的分配方式发生了巨大变化,人与人之间在社会财富的占有量和占有方式等方面出现了一定差异,公平遂成为社会财富分配中的突出问题。教育亦是如此,近年来,教育公平引起了人们的极大关注。因此,就教育公平定义、理论研究和教育公平现状进行了相应的论述,并就教育公平的对策谈了设想。     

Defending free trade after physiocracy: On Dugald Stewart's architectonic of passions,reason and Providence

Abstract

Dugald Stewart (1753–1828) defended free trade in light of a providential account of Nature, according to which there would be an “identity of interests” (Halévy 1901–1904). He thereby tried to rid economic thought of references to conflicts and thus pursued the physiocrats’ programme rather than Adam Smith's. In fact, Stewart claimed that (i) self-love depends on an accommodation to Providence, by which individuals restrain their passions; (ii) self-love fosters actions that lead to a direct increase of public happiness; (iii) the perfectibility of mind allows to dismiss “legal despotism”, which can be replaced by religious education.     

专业英语在高等职业教育中的作用

高等职业技术院校是培养我国专业技术人才的基础。高等职业教育中专业英语教育作为重要的课程,必须加强对其重视的程度。通过高等职业院校专业英语教育的不断加强,可以提高学生的英语实践水平,为后期的专业学习打下基础,为日后的文献检索、查询打下基础。     

教育与劳动力市场关系研究

教育是多层次递进式的,经过多次甄别筛选,将劳动力纳入高低不同的生产力群体;教育也是多方向发散式的,当具备了基本的学习能力之后,会接受不同类型的专业教育,掌握不同的生产技能。这样,教育甄别筛选出高生产力者,并使其具有不同的生产技能,确定了劳动者所从事的专业领域以及在求职序列中的排位,决定了个体在劳动力市场中的最初定位点,实现了对劳动力的初步配置。本文在研究教育与劳动力市场关系的基础上,建立了教育对劳动力的甄别配置模型,并对我国劳动力市场中教育甄别配置功能的效率问题进行了探讨。     

“社交礼仪”四维立体教学创新研究

对高校学生开展的礼仪教育应该是立体的从内到外的完整塑造,这种教学方法好比一个三角锥体,由四个面构成,分别是基础素养、礼仪规范、模拟实践和经典阅读,谓之“四维立体教学法”,如此才能塑造出具有健全人格和良好行为习惯的公民。     

中外高校思想政治教育评估的理论基础比较及启示

高校思想政治教育评估作为思想政治教育工作的重头戏,需要在继承传统的基础上,不断吸收一切合乎时代发展要求、适应人们思想实际的方法。积极主动的汲取各国先进的思想政治教育评估精华,结合自身特点,跟上社会的需求和发展,加快思想政治教育创新的步伐。     

浅析职业教育发展热点问题及国外高职教育发展态势

职业教育仍然是我国教育事业的薄弱环节,发展不平衡、投入不足、办学条件比较差、办学机制以及人才培养的规模、结构、质量还不能适应经济社会发展的需要。因此,关注职业教育围绕"人"的四个热点问题,以及放眼国外的高等职业教育,无论是美欧模式,还是以日本、韩国、新加坡等为代表的亚洲模式,这些无疑对微观层面高职院校的发展将会有一定的推进作用。