Empirical Findings on Business–Society Relations in Europe

Based on a theoretical exploration in a previous article, this paper empirically analyzes which issues of SD are taken into account by corporations and stakeholders in what way, and to what extent the concept of sustainable development (SD) can be achieved through stakeholder relations management (SRM) on the corporate level. An important basis for this empirical analysis is a referential framework, which specifies 14 issues of SD. In a first empirical step, the literature-based framework has been operationalized for the business world by analyzing sustainability reports. In a second empirical step, the operationalized framework served as the basis for a survey of selected MNCs. The analyses of the sustainability reports and the survey show how MNCs deal with particular issues of SD and what role they perceive particular stakeholders play. A key conclusion of the article is that SRM indeed promotes SD, but that it is no alternative to predictable government regulation.     

转轨时期国有企业治理机制的创新

我国国有企业在建立现代企业制度的过程中,均出现公司治理机制失效问题,这一共性问题的产生对国有企业治理理论提出了新的挑战．我们应在反思国有企业治理机制失效的原因之后,采取以“顾客至上”为中心来构建国有企业治理体系的新观点。     

用户参与对服务创新绩效影响的实证研究——基于实验分析方法

通过设计分阶段、分组的服务创新实验,利用实验数据和观察信息对各组的服务创新方案进行对比,以验证用户参与对服务创新绩效的影响。构建了模糊熵权ELECTRE模型,对各组的服务创新方案进行综合评价和优劣排序。实验结果证明:用户参与对服务创新绩效有显著的正面影响,特别是对创新方案的独创性和用户价值有显著贡献;用户参与情境对创新结果有重要影响;用户、服务提供者与利益相关者合作是服务创新的有效途径。     

包容型领导对员工即兴行为的影响:工作卷入的中介作用

员工即兴行为是企业应对外部环境动态性、复杂性和模糊性的有效抓手。虽已有研究对包容型领导和员工即兴行为之间的关系进行了探究,但目前对二者之间的作用机制知之甚少。论文从社会交换理论视角出发,基于458份问卷数据,实证了包容型领导与员工即兴行为的关系,研究结果表明:包容型领导正向影响员工即兴行为,工作卷入在包容型领导和员工即兴行为之间起部分中介作用,员工主动性人格正向调节包容型领导和工作卷入之间的关系。     

基于顾客参与的用户网络涉入程度对顾客忠诚的影响研究

本文在已有研究形成的基于顾客参与和关系质量的网络顾客忠诚形成机制模型基础之上,研究网络涉入程度这一消费者个人特征变量的影响。通过对网络消费者进行聚类分析,采用估计并比较变量间路径系数的方法,得出网络涉入程度不同的顾客,其参与行为都显著影响着关系质量和忠诚行为,但各路径回归系数却有显著差异,说明高网络涉入顾客组参与行为对忠诚的预测能力高于低网络涉入组。     

Relating in business networks: Innovation in practice

Few studies have looked at the innovation process in the early stages of new business ventures in the context of business networks. Reporting on eight years of development of a new venture, we examine how the development of initial business relationships in an ever-changing business network affects technological innovation. We conclude that technological innovation is contingent on the development of business relationships that are a critical mechanism permitting a new venture not only to access but also to produce knowledge essential for innovating. For management this implies the need to strike a judicious balance between internal focus and closure to produce novel solutions and external focus and openness to experiment in business relationships.     

基于利益相关者集体选择的企业所有权形成机理推演

企业所有权形成是利益相关者集体选择的结果，需经历两次集体选择过程。第一次集体选择是所有社会成员对“企业”这种经济主体所有权共识的普选过程，即宏观层面选择，其结果是形成对所有企业所有权都具有约束力的法律、法规或者规章制度等；第二次集体选择则是在第一次集体选择形成的正式规则框架下，由特定企业的利益相关者对特定企业所有权所进行的集体选择，即微观层面选择，其结果是形成多样化的所有权结构。     

Environmental Requirements,Knowledge Sharing and Green Innovation: Empirical Evidence from the Electronics Industry in China

Building on the Porter hypothesis, which posits that regulatory stringency triggers innovation and thereby allows firms to achieve the dual purpose of environment protection and enhanced business performance, the present research develops an integrative model that explores the determinants of green innovation with a focus being placed on knowledge sharing. Data were collected from 203 green innovation project leaders from electronics manufacturers operating in China. The results indicate that knowledge sharing mediates the relationship between green requirements and new green product success as well as that between green requirements and green product and process innovations. Interestingly, the empirical analysis rejects the hypothesized positive influence of green requirements on green product and process innovations as well as that on new green product success, while confirming that there exists a direct and positive association between green requirements and knowledge sharing. The direct positive impact of knowledge sharing is the strongest on green process innovation. This study provides a theoretical basis for investigating the possible determinants in the causal links between green requirements and green innovation success and establishes that knowledge sharing and green process innovation may be the points where leverage can be applied to best secure innovation success. Implications of the findings on environmental policy and law design are also discussed to see how the regulatory role of the government can be better positioned to facilitate compliance and innovation. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

Effectiveness and Use of Marketing Activities Covered by the 1990 AICPA-FTC Consent Agreement

Members of the Association of Accounting Marketing Executives evaluated the effectiveness and use of marketing activi- ties covered by the 1990 AICPA-FK consent decree to determine what, if any, impact the decree had on CPA marketing. A slight increase in usage of a few of the activities occurred after the consent decree was signed. Many of the covered activities are viewed as ineffective, yet accountants plan to use more of almost all activities. Demographic differences in attitudes and planned usage are identi- fied.