论大学英语教学内容的情感性处理

针对我国目前大学英语教学中存在严重的"重知轻情"倾向,这种倾向表现为过分强调英语学习的认知因素,忽视对具备各自特点的学习者个体的关注,忽视情感因素对英语学习的影响。根据我国目前大学英语的教学现状,本文着重探讨进行大学英语教学内容的情感性处理的必要性和策略,同时强调培养学生的认知能力不容忽视。     

北京市A级旅游景区空间结构及其演化

北京市自2001年认定首批A级旅游景区以来,其发展势头在空间上已呈现出一定的分布结构和演化规律。通过GIS空间分析发现,当前北京市A级旅游景区在空间分布上呈现出城区和远郊区密集、近郊区稀疏的＂哑铃结构＂,这种结构主要受资源和市场两大因素共同驱动;通过对不同阶段A级旅游景区空间分布的变化,进一步揭示北京市A级旅游景区具有沿交通干道演化、沿重要水系与公共绿地演化和沿旅游集散中心与集散镇演化的规律,这些规律表明,资源本底、水系和公共绿地条件、交通与基础设施条件在A级旅游景区发展中起决定作用。     

文化保护视角下的旅游工艺品开发探究

旅游工艺品是旅游业中对文化资源进行商业化开发的方式之一。在开发过程中必然会出现当地传统文化与现代文化以及外来文化之间的涵化现象。旅游者虽然追求文化的真实性,但他们并不苛求文化的原形。而文化商品化虽然可能会使旅游工艺品有失去文化真实性的危险,但如果能处理好文化涵化问题,旅游工艺品则可成为传承和发扬地方文化的有力工具。旅游工艺品开发应在对当地文化元素保护的基础上,将传统文化和现代文化完美结合,走品牌化、特色化、功能多元化的开发与设计道路。     

旅游开发与徽州古村落公共空间的互动影响研究

独特的地理历史环境孕育了徽州浓郁的文化氛围,但是随着旅游业的发展,也暴露出一系列的问题,其中很关键的一点是旅游开发对村落中原有的公共空间的影响以及村落公共空间的变化对旅游发展的反馈。这个互动过程中受影响最大的就是徽州的村民,如何做到徽州文化的完美呈现,又能尽量保障当地村民在公共空间活动的权益是社会普遍关心的话题。通过徽州公共空间的转移来研究民众生活与旅游发展的冲突,旨在探索中国文化乡村的旅游开发与新农村的公共空间建设的合理途径。     

旅游文化的空间形式与空间整合模式研究——以古都南京文化旅游为例

旅游文化作为旅游活动中各种文化整合的过程和结果,其形式和整合模式在空间上均有所体现,而以往的旅游文化研究忽略了对旅游文化空间维度的研究。文章以南京文化旅游为例,对旅游文化的空间形式与空间整合模式进行分析。南京旅游文化整合过程既包括旅游资源文化、现代文化和旅游者外来文化各子文化内部,也包括各子文化之间的竞争与融合关系。在文化竞争与融合中,南京旅游文化呈现了不同的空间形式和空间整合模式。     

被处罚的A级景区存在的问题及应对策略

旅游景区的管理与建设对旅游业的发展至关重要。然而,截至2019年7月底,全国有数百家A级景区由于管理与建设不善,受到摘牌、降级等处罚。对照《旅游景区质量等级的划分与评定》可以发现,被处罚的景区主要存在的问题:景区配套设施管理差、旅游交通不畅、游览设施与服务不健全、景区卫生差、景区市场吸引力小等。因此,政府必须与景区相配合,采取相应对策,强化景区建设与管理;提升景区资源、市场吸引力等,以扭转被动局面,推动旅游景区的健康发展。     

中国旅游景区功能演变与用地分类构想

研究目的:基于中国旅游景区功能演变、用地特征及问题分析,构建旅游景区用地分类体系,以期为旅游景区用地纳入区域土地利用提供理论基础,为旅游景区规划的深度编制提供实践依据。研究方法:通过调研和问卷厘清现状景区用地情况,对比借鉴相关用地分类体系,基于此构建旅游景区用地分类方案。研究结果:分析并阐明了旅游景区的功能演变、用地特征和现状问题,构建了2大类、9中类、28小类的景区用地分类体系,并与《土地利用现状分类》进行衔接。研究结论:建立可衔接且具可操作性的旅游景区用地分类体系,是实现旅游景区健康可持续发展与用地规范化管控的关键。     

归因偏差视角下旅游行为失范成因研究

游客旅游行为失范时有发生,威胁着旅游资源与环境安全。心理归因影响个体行为逻辑,归因偏差是解释心理归因的经典理论。本文引入归因偏差理论,采用实证方法探究旅游行为失范背后的归因偏差因素,为减少旅游行为失范提供心理学依据。研究发现,归因偏差能够引致旅游者心理认知偏差,后者直接引发和助推旅游行为失范。心理环境和群体心理对引致旅游者的心理认知偏差和行为失范具有显著作用,归因偏差成为旅游者弱化旅游行为失范结果的心理屏障,可激发或促进旅游行为失范的发生或持续。研究认为旅游地可从完善硬件监控、控制游客流量、强化失范行为负面教育、发挥在场监督作用等方式削弱归因偏差效应。     

Mixed logit analysis of trade-off effects between international airline fares and fences: a revenue management perspective

As transportation is essential for tourism development, effectively utilizing its perishable resources has become an important issue. This study aims to analyse the relationship between airline fares and using conditions from the perspective of millennial tourists and taking the Taipei–Tokyo market as an example. The study attempts to show a revenue management practice in the manipulation of homogeneous seat service and give millennial tourists a better understanding of their preferences for ticket choices. We categorize availability of flight, advance booking, ticket validity, and changing conditions as main attributes and develop a stated-preference questionnaire with multiple hypothetical scenarios for respondents to select in the experiment. We effectively collect 390 valid samples for a mixed logit analysis and the results show that all applied attributes are statistically significant. Ticket validity is revealed to be the most important fence with the largest willingness-to-pay value and followed by availability of flight, advanced booking, and changing conditions.     

Are Chinese nationals’ attitudes to wildlife tourist attractions different from those of other nationalities?

Many wildlife tourist attractions (WTAs) have negative impacts on animal welfare and species conservation. In the absence of regulation, raising standards requires tourists to create market pressure by choosing to attend WTAs with benefits for wildlife. We surveyed respondents from five countries – China, Australia, Canada, UK, and USA – to quantify how attitudes to captive animals, and towards WTAs’ outputs and standards, may vary with nationality. Our aim was to provide a firm basis for behaviour change interventions to alter current patterns of tourist consumption of WTAs. All respondents agreed on the importance of conservation and animal welfare, but Chinese respondents were twice as likely to believe that WTAs would not be allowed to exist if they were bad for animals, and that WTAs’ promotional materials were reliable indicators of welfare and conservation standards. These findings indicate Chinese respondents had fundamentally similar attitudes to those from the other countries, but differed in how those attitudes were likely to be applied. Chinese tourists may experience more barriers to aligning their actions with their values with respect to WTAs. Removing these barriers may require information campaigns to highlight the lack of regulation, and the unreliability of some WTAs’ promotional materials and tourists’ reviews.