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31.
本文分析了电力商标的实质内涵,总结了电力商标的基本特征,在此基础上对商标的评估模型进行了创新构建,新建模型有两大特点:一是将商标收益分割为两部分计量;二是用强度系数进行了调整强化,为电力商标的评估提供一种新思路。 相似文献
32.
33.
工程项目的价值管理问题探讨——价值管理在设计-施工模式中的应用 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
本文介绍了建筑工程项目中应用价值管理的方法,包括实施的组织、价值体系、工程价值链和研究方法,在设计-施工模式中具体的应用。首先介绍价值管理的理论,然后分析在设计-施工模式中价值管理应用的优势,以及在这种模式中如何应用价值管理。 相似文献
34.
35.
Probability theory in fuzzy sample spaces 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This paper tries to develop a neat and comprehensive probability theory for sample spaces where the events are fuzzy subsets of The investigations are focussed on the discussion how to equip those sample spaces with suitable -algebras and metrics. In the end we can point out a unified concept of random elements in the sample spaces under consideration which is linked with compatible metrics to express random errors. The result is supported by presenting a strong law of large numbers, a central limit theorem and a Glivenko-Cantelli theorem for these kinds of random elements, formulated simultaneously w.r.t. the selected metrics. As a by-product the line of reasoning, which is followed within the paper, enables us to generalize as well as to bring together already known results and concepts from literature.Acknowledgement. The author would like to thank the participants of the 23rd Linz Seminar on Fuzzy Set Theory for the intensive discussion of the paper. Especially he is indebted to Professors Diamond and Höhle whose remarks have helped to get deeper insights into the subject. Additionally, the author is grateful to one anonymous referee for careful reading and valuable proposals which have led to an improvement of the first draft.This paper was presented at the 23rd Linz Seminar on Fuzzy Set Theory, Linz, Austria, February 5–9, 2002. 相似文献
36.
Gerard H. Seijts Daniel P. Skarlicki Stephen W. Gilliland 《Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal》2003,15(4):191-208
We investigated U.S. and Canadian reactions to workplace drug and alcohol testing programs. Canadian truck drivers (n = 183) deemed drug and alcohol testing policies less fair, and were less accepting of these policies, than their American counterparts (n = 153). We also compared the perspectives of recipients versus third-party observers with regard to their reactions to a drug testing program. Unlike the pattern observed among American observers, the responses by Canadian observers were highly similar to those of the recipients. Canadian observers were more inclined to file a formal protest regarding the implementation of a drug and alcohol testing program than were U.S. observers. The results also showed that procedural and interactional justice principles contributed to the program's fairness, acceptance, and lower levels of protest intentions in both Canada and the United States. We propose that scholars and practitioners can gain a better understanding of multinational reactions to drug and alcohol testing by considering not only cultural but also historical, social, political, and other environmental factors that can shape reactions to personnel practices. 相似文献
37.
The Theory of Socially Embedded Games: Applications and Extensions to Open and Closed Games 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
An earlier article, drawing on the mathematical theory of rules and rule complexes, extends and generalizes game theory (GGT). The theory has been used to conceptualize and analyze diverse social relationships, roles, and games as particular types of rule complexes.For instance, a social role, as a major basis of a parent's action in a game, consists of at least four key components – which are mathematical objects – in the determination of action: value complex, model of reality (including beliefs and knowledge bases), a repertoire of acts, routines, programs, and strategies, and modality, a role-specific algorithm for determining or generating action in game settings. This article applies and extends GGT in analyses of a market bargaining game (a type of open game) and of the classical game of prisoners' dilemma (a type of closed game). The applications show the concrete effects of social embeddedness on game structuring, game interaction patterns and outcomes, and social equilibria. 相似文献
38.
This paper has three goals. First, we demonstrate that standard arguments and methods from production and duality analysis
can be used to provide a comprehensive and general treatment of the value of information for a risk-averse firm with expected-utility
(linear-in-probabilities) preferences and a general stochastic technology. Second, we place bounds on the value of information
for a risk-averse firm and relate these bounds to characteristics of the technology and the producer’s preferences. The third
and final goal is to derive the implications that information differences can have for measured efficiency differences and
to relate the bounds on the value of information to those measured differences.
相似文献
39.
Karl Aquino 《Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal》1995,8(1):21-33
This study explored relationships between employee dissatisfaction with pay, perceptions of procedural justice, and organizational
citizenship behavior. It was hypothesized that pay inequity would be negatively related to citizenship, while favorable perceptions
of procedural and interpersonal justice would be positively related. Results provided strong support for the hypotheses only
with regard to a dimension of citizenship labeled “compliance.” Implications for employee behavior in the workplace and the
expression of grievances are discussed; future research directions are also offered. 相似文献
40.
孤岛采油厂历经30多年的开发,已处于特高含水期产量递减阶段。由于新井产量受到自然资源和投资的限制是有限的,要减缓原油产量的递减,依靠的是大量增产措施的投入,而每项措施的实施需要耗费几万元到几十万元的费用。所以,引起开发后期油田成本上升的主要原因是油田增产措施难度加大,投入相应增加。为此,我们引入VE原理,科学实施增产措施工作量,达到了降低作业成本,提高增油效果的目的。 相似文献