Analysing Materials and Energy Flows in an Industrial District using an Enterprise Input–Output Model

Recent approaches to sustainable development leave much room for policies at a local level. In fact, it is becoming evident that targets such as increasing resource productivity, preserving natural cycles, or extending the present level of welfare, are best pursued within the confines of a local area. In particular, environmental changes are best brought about by considering local systems of firms as cornerstones of cooperative strategies and using data on materials and energy use in physical terms. In this paper, an enterprise input–output model is developed for an industrial district, i.e. a local group of firms specialized in the production of a single final output. The model allows for a detailed quantitative analysis of materials and energy flows and the consequent generation of waste and pollution. As a planning tool, the model may be used to evaluate alternative scenarios, such as the possibility of re- using waste taking account of sustainability requirements. An empirical case study applies the model to an industrial district in Southern Italy producing leather sofas.     

民间投资与产业转型——以浙江省为例

本文以浙江省为例,利用浙江改革开放后30多年的数据资料,对民间投资比重和三次产业的比重进行协整建模分析,分析结果表明,民间投资对浙江三次产业结构的变化起到重要的作用。民间投资比重上升是拉动浙江第三产业比重上升的原因,从而也说明了浙江第三产业的发展主要是依靠民间资本的投入;但对第二产业而言,民间投资对其的作用是反向的,这说明浙江第二产业的发展主要不是依靠民间资本的投入,而是依靠政府的投资。     

运用公共关系,提升高校招生工作水平

在高等教育大众化时代,高校招生出现了许多新的特点,高校招生的激烈竞争,使公共关系从社会边缘走向中心、走进高校.正确理解和科学运用公共关系理论,对于塑造高校良好的组织形象十分重要,对于高校成功招生有积极的作用.     

人民币汇率调整对我国产业结构的影响分析

我国长期实施汇率低估以及固定汇率制度,使我国的经济结构遭到扭曲,产业结构不能得到优化,影响了国民收入水平的持续提升。中国人民银行于2005年7月21日宣布,人民币汇率不再盯住单一美元,人民币汇率制度实行以市场供求为基础,参考一篮子货币进行调节,有管理的浮动汇率制度,并且使人民币升值1.9%。这一决定的实施能够使汇率水平逐渐向均衡汇率水平靠拢,汇率的形成机制逐渐得到完善,而且能够使我国经济结构进行有序调整,使我国的产业结构得到优化升级。     

改革开放40年持续性产业升级的动力机制与路径——广东迈向高质量发展之路

产业升级是高质量发展的主要目标及核心推力。通过分阶段观测广东改革开放40年产业转型升级进程发现,广东产业转型升级的演化轨迹是一条迈向高质量发展的产业跃升之路,贯穿其中的主线是持续性产业升级。生产要素供给、市场需求、技术创新、政府干预及制度安排等四大动因相互影响、相互作用,形成动态更迭比较优势、推动产业持续升级的耦合动力机制。在国际产业分工的背景下,适应不同的阶段特征及红利条件,通过比较优势的动态化调整,广东产业发展模式由低成本要素驱动、投资驱动向创新驱动转变。站在新时代的历史起点上,广东应以全面创新驱动作为产业转型升级的动力,加快数字经济与实体经济深度融合,抢占全球价值链高端,迈向一个更高质量的发展阶段。     

贵州有色金属产业集聚度与竞争力的实证研究

促进有色金属产业集聚是提升贵州省有色金属产业竞争力的主要途径之一,因而准确测度和把握有色金属产业集聚与贵州有色金属产业竞争力的关系是非常必要的。文章把贵州省放在西部九省中进行对比分析,选取区位熵反映有色金属产业集聚度,选择企业数量区位熵反映矿产资源产业区域集聚度,选取产业产值区位熵反映有色金属产业经济集聚度,而有色金属产业竞争力则选取产值利润率借以反映。具体实证数据均来源于西部9个省份的2013统计年鉴与2013年的中国有色金属工业年鉴。通过实证研究认为贵州省有色金属产业存在诸如区域集聚、经济集聚不足,产值利润率低下,产业集聚效应难以充分发挥等问题。最后提出提升贵州省有色金属产业竞争力的相关政策建议。     

Hybrid governance and governance performance in industrial purchasing relationships

Hybrid governance arrangements (e.g. joint action, long-term contracting and vertical coordination) feature regularly as an effective response to inter-firm dependence in the literature of business-to-business relationships. However, current empirical work has paid little attention to whether such governance arrangements really do improve governance efficacy and reduce transaction costs. The present study focuses on the governance efficacy of vertical coordination in industrial business-to-business relationships. Building on transaction costs arguments, the author examines whether vertical coordination is an effective means for adapting to inter-firm dependence, realized as the substantial employment of specific assets.Empirical findings from a survey of 170 industrial supplier–buyer relationships demonstrate that when asset specificity reaches a certain level, greater vertical coordination reduces ex post transaction costs significantly. On the other hand, this efficacy pattern is modest or non-existent in relationships with low asset specificity.The research findings support the basic TCA assumption that the performance of hybrid governance arrangements is highly dependent on a situation of substantial inter-firm dependence with subsequent small-number conditions.     

风险投资、行业经验与创业企业专利组合策略研究

长期以来,对于风险投资能否促进以及如何促进创业企业创新能力在学术界和实践界存在广泛争议,揭示风险投资对创业企业专利组合策略的影响是解决这一问题的关键,但相关研究比较薄弱。以2009-2014年中小板和创业板上市创业企业为样本,利用倾向得分匹配法（PSM）建立实验组和对照组,采用发明专利技术范围和专利重点衡量专利组合策略,实证检验风险投资对创业企业专利组合策略的影响,并进一步检验风险投资是否通过行业经验发挥作用。结果表明,风险投资能拓宽创业企业的专利技术范围,帮助创业企业形成专利重点,风险投资行业经验是影响创业企业专利技术范围的重要因素,但其并未对专利重点发挥作用。研究结论对优化我国创业企业专利战略具有重要实践意义。     

制造业产业集聚如何影响生态环境

以产业集聚外部性效应为视角,利用2010-2016年天津市南港工业园、逸仙科学工业园、现代产业园与微电子工业园4个制造业产业园区面板数据,实证分析产业集聚与生态环境的双重效应关系,揭示其内在作用机制。结果表明：制造业产业集聚对生态环境存在正负两种外部性效应,具体作用取决于绿色技术创新与外商直接投资两个中介变量。当产业集聚水平较低时,绿色技术创新在制造业产业集聚对生态环境的影响关系中作用不明显。外商直接投资在制造业产业集聚与生态环境关系中起中介作用,即制造业产业集聚会加大外商直接投资规模,对生态环境产生消极影响;当产业集聚水平较高时,绿色技术创新在制造业产业集聚与生态环境的关系中起中介作用,即制造业产业集聚提高了绿色技术创新水平,对生态环境具有积极影响。外商直接投资在制造业产业集聚与生态环境关系中的作用不显著。     

Dynamic R&D competition with memory

We consider a differential game of R&D competition and explore the impact of rivalry on the firms' investment behavior over time. Using closed-loop strategies and hence allowing for strategic interactions among rival firms we show that R&D spending by the individual competitor is increased due to competition in the race for priority. This leads us to argue that competitive encounters enhance R&D activities at the same time as increasing efficiency in the race for a technological breakthrough.