Predator or prey?: Parasitic enterprises in economic development

In many developing and transition economies Mafia-like activities are rampant. Extortion and other forms of predation lower profitability in private businesses and distort investment incentives. Incorporated in a model of industrialization, bimodal club convergence may result. Economies may get stuck in a Predators’ Club characterized by a vicious cycle of poverty and predation. Societies with a low flow of new entrepreneurs are especially vulnerable to predation and never get out of this club. Poor societies with a high flow of new entrepreneurs, however, may grow out of the trap and join the rich Producers’ Club.     

From Impartial Advocates to Political Agents: Role Switching and Trustworthiness in Consultancy

Consultancy firms inform, advise, implement and mediate in their own interests and in the interests of their clients. We can only guess if their work is also in the interest of the public. There is no critical and systematical assessment of the behavior of consultancy firms. What roles do consultancy firms chose? And what arguments do they use? In the nineties the international consultancy firm Hill &; Knowlton took on two assignments that showed a remarkable difference in the required role the firm had to play. In the first role the firm acted as an impartial advocate, in the second role the firm acted as a political agent. An analysis of the argumentation for both roles shows us the familair short-sighted choice for the annual turnover at the cost of internal and external trustworthiness. In this decade consultancy firms will need to develop ethical assessments that meet more professional standards.     

C4烃资源的生产、利用及发展设想

本文介绍了目前大庆石化公司炼油、乙烯装置碳四烃资源的生产及实际利用情况,并结合我国的实际情况对未来碳四烃的综合利用提出了一些设想和建议,最后对我院的高端基聚异丁烯的研制情况作一简单的介绍。     

Monetary shocks, the exchange rate, and the trade balance

This paper investigates the response of the exchange rate and the trade balance to monetary policy innovations for the US economy during the period 1973:01–1993:12. The empirical findings indicate that contractionary monetary policy shocks lead to transitory appreciations of the real and the nominal exchange rate. Exchange rate appreciations that are caused by a temporary contractionary shock to monetary policy are correlated with a short-lived improvement in the trade balance which is then followed by a deterioration, giving support to the J-curve hypothesis.     

工商银行面向中小企业融资业务的服务营销

中小企业的成长与发展是近年来中国经济持续稳步增长的重要支撑,但大多数发展中的中小企业都面临着融资难的窘境。这就产生了一个矛盾:一方面是中小企业难以获得银行的信贷支持,另一方面是银行的大量资金无法贷出。本文从服务营销的角度出发,回顾了银行服务营销的发展历程,详细分析了我国中小企业发展现状、融资现状,并对工商银行中小企业融资业务的开展情况和面临的环境进行了阐述,在此基础上,作者从产品、促销、人员、过程4个方面,就工商银行如何制定面向中小企业的组合营销策略提出了详细的对策建议。     

有机食品市场拓展的战略初探

当前有机食品的市场运作过程中正呈现两难窘地，一方面有机食品总体供不应求，另一方市场上高价有机食品销售不畅，导致这一局面的主要原因是农户分散经营及有机食品营销渠道不畅。因此文章通过挖掘消费者的潜在需求、以消费者能够接受的成本定价，以方便购买的原则进行渠道规划和双向沟通四方面对有机食品市场拓展进行理性分析，以期引起生产经营者与消费者的关注。     

试论品牌竞争时代与关系资源

品牌竞争时代实质是对关系资源竞争的时代。关系资源将在企业的运作中发挥越来越多的作用。企业的关系营销和企业工作作为发挥关系资源的重要手段，其重要性也愈加凸现重要。     

日本自卫队信息化建设的特点、体系结构及发展趋向

本文就日本自卫队信息化建设的主要特点、体系结构、列装情况，及发展趋向作一简要的剖析与评述。     

略论WTO反倾销协议中的现代营销思想

国内学者对WTO反倾销规则进行了大量的法律与经济分析,但却很少涉及其中所蕴藏着的现代营销思想,尤其是对贸易中具有价格竞争优势企业所提出的道义上的责任以及促使之能够保持持续竞争力的善意忠告多有忽略。对此,探讨WTO反倾销协议对企业营销行为的导向,以期对于处在反倾销、反补贴与保障措施等多重阻击中的中国企业有所帮助和启迪。     

Valuing Pre-Commercial Genetic Resources: A Maximum Entropy Approach

Genetic improvement has been a major contributor to agricultural productivity in the United States, but many questions about the economics of crop breeding, such as the value of pre-commercial germplasm, remain unanswered. This study estimates the marginal value of poorly characterized materials contained in the U.S. national germplasm system. Within the search theoretic framework, we apply a maximum entropy method to estimate the probability and the expected level of improvement in pest susceptibility relative to its best previously observed level. The results indicate that the lower-bound estimate of benefit is significantly higher than the upper-bound cost of conserving an accession.