美国农业补贴体系的构建与借鉴

本文结合美国农业新政的发展动向,详细分析了美国农业补贴政策体系的内容。我国应借鉴美国的成功经验,适时调整农业补贴方式的制度设计和补贴结构。     

涉农企业技术创新存在问题及对策——基于杨凌示范区37家涉农企业的调查与思考

技术创新是涉农企业发展永恒的动力,为此,我们在对杨凌示范区37家涉农企业的技术创新状况进行问卷调查的基础上,分析了涉农企业技术创新的现状与存在的问题,例如涉农企业技术创新主体不明确、技术创新投入不足、企业缺乏顶级型创新人才和激励机制不完善等问题,并针对问题提出了涉农企业技术创新的对策,比如建立现代企业制度,改善融资环境,开展人才工程、走产学研的创新型道路和完善激励机制,以期能为陕西省区域经济的发展提供理论支持和决策依据。     

Incentives for mechanized cane harvesting in Thailand: A choice experiment

Sugarcane burning is a significant problem in Thailand. Cane burning is undertaken before harvest mostly due to labor shortages. A cane harvester has been promoted to counter labor shortages and increase cane productivity; however, its adoption has been slow. This paper examines incentive schemes for harvester adoption using a choice experiment. Forty large-scale farmers with the capacity to buy their own harvesters and 400 small-scale farmers who could potentially use harvesters on a fee basis were surveyed. The results suggest a variety of economic incentives for harvester adoption. Most important among these is subsidizing of interest rates for purchase. Also of merit at the milling stage are priority queuing, and subsidies for unburned cane to a lesser extent.     

Environmental evaluation of agri-environment schemes using participatory approaches: Experiences of testing the Agri-Environmental Footprint Index

The Agri-Environment Footprint Index (AFI) has been developed as a generic methodology to assess changes in the overall environmental impacts from agriculture at the farm level and to assist in the evaluation of European agri-environmental schemes (AES). The methodology is based on multi-criteria analysis (MCA) and involves stakeholder participation to provide a locally customised evaluation based on weighted environmental indicators. The methodology was subjected to a feasibility assessment in a series of case studies across the EU. The AFI approach was able to measure significant differences in environmental status between farms that participated in an AES and non-participants. Wider environmental concerns, beyond the scheme objectives, were also considered in some case studies and the benefits for identification of unintentional (and often beneficial) impacts of AESs are presented. The participatory approach to AES evaluation proved efficient in different environments and administrative contexts. The approach proved to be appropriate for environmental evaluation of complex agri-environment systems and can complement any evaluation conducted under the Common Monitoring and Evaluation Framework. The applicability of the AFI in routine monitoring of AES impacts and in providing feedback to improve policy design is discussed.     

对外开放格局下承接农业产业转移对现代农业发展的影响研究

加快现代农业发展是十二五期间我国农业发展的重要战略。在国际及国内区际产业转移背景下,承接农业产业转移对承接地区现代农业发展具有重要的推动作用,一是推动农业技术体系的转型和升级,二是推动农业生产方式的全面革新,三是推动现代农业产业结构体系的形成。必须创新农业发展策略,以发挥承接农业产业转移对现代农业发展的积极作用,加快现代农业发展。     

可持续发展视角下的湖南省休闲农业区域品牌构建研究

本文从可持续发展的视角探寻湖南省休闲农业品牌构建之路,旨在为湖南省休闲农业实施品牌战略、推动该产业可持续发展提供思路和对策建议。     

关于新疆设施农业又好又快发展的思考

加快发展设施农业是新时期新疆推进现代农业建设、促进农业增效、农民增收的一项重大决策,研究解决设施农业发展中存在的问题,对于更好地发挥设施农业的作用具有重大意义。本文分析了新疆发展设施农业的必要性,以及设施农业发展中存在的一些问题,进而提出了推动设施农业又好又快发展的几点措施和建议。     

日本农业区域品牌发展探析

日本农业区域品牌的发展首先建立在有效的法律保护之上,其对农业区域品牌的法律保护主要通过地理标志保护制度得以实现,集体商标注册成为最主要的权利保护方式。日本合作社组织作为农业区域品牌的拥有者,特别关注对地理标志使用的内部管理。日本政府则从模式创新、财政投入、信息服务、知识产权监控方面为农业区域品牌的发展提供支持。我国应借鉴日本经验,协调立法、强化集体组织管理、加大政府对农业区域品牌的扶持力度。     

农业产业化金融支持的国际比较与借鉴

深化农村金融改革与金融创新，切实解决龙头企业与农户资金不足及金融服务缺位等问题，是提高农业产业化运行机制效率的重要保障。本文通过对部分国家（地区）农业产业化发展过程中的金融支持政策与制度的比较，得出相应的启示。