社会学视野下福建宗教冲突、融合及其对策

从社会学广泛的学术视野出发,以田野调查的严谨方法为手段,探讨福建宗教的整体态势,及其在区域文化中所扮演的重要角色,分析宗教的"冲突与融合",直面社会真实,科学理性地分析福建宗教现象,分析其背后所隐藏的本质规律,探讨福建宗教管理的可行性对策,为福建宗教管理的科学决策提供学术依据。     

人-组织匹配对员工冲突感的放大作用机制研究

文章在已有对人-组织匹配和冲突的理论研究基础上，分析了人-组织匹配与员工冲突感的关系，并基于Weber—Fechner模型和值函数模型推导出人-组织匹配与员工冲突感的关系模型，在此基础上，分析了人-组织匹配对员工冲突感的放大作用机制，为管理者通过改进人-组织匹配度来有效管理冲突奠定了理论基础。     

Managing logging compensation payment conflicts in Ghana: Understanding actor-empowerment and implications for policy intervention

Forest resources outside permanent forest reserves form a substantial part of the overall natural forest biodiversity resources in Ghana. However, timber exploitation in off-reserve areas has been problematic as loggers and farmers have often been involved in conflicts over payment of crop-damage compensation. The paper examines 81 cases of this conflict which were reconstructed chronologically to investigate patterns of actors’ use of power resources and strategies and their effectiveness. The study employed an actor-empowerment conceptualisation of power and used a two-actor game model for the reconstruction of the conflicts. While several strategies and resources were mobilised and employed by the actors, their effectiveness were context-bound. The paper makes a case for areas where actors’ conflict capabilities could be built, why mediated bargaining can be more effective for managing such local conflict constellations and the need to interlock actor interests for mutual interaction by institutionalising mediated bargaining.     

Managing conflict to improve the effectiveness of retail networks

Retailers are becoming involved with networks consisting of multiple firms in order to more effectively perform business activities such as supply chain management. This research develops and tests a framework outlining the effects of conflict in networks and how conflict management can mitigate and exacerbate these effects. A study of 81 simulated networks finds that inter-personal and task conflict have a negative effect on network member satisfaction and desire to be a member of the network. The use of a collaborative conflict management style has a positive effect on satisfaction and desire for continuity, but the effects of accommodative and confrontational styles depend on the level of inter-personal and task conflict present in the network.     

影视翻译的目的及跨文化传播作用

影视翻译的社会功能之一就是促进文化交流,传播多元化的文化和价值观。影视翻译的目的则是要生动、自然、流畅地传达出源语的意义及其蕴含的文化内涵。译者需要有一定的语言运用能力、文化鉴赏能力和艺术审美能力,以及高度的社会责任感,要灵活运用各种翻译手段,积极促成影视作品的跨文化之旅。     

“反全球化”的悖论——一个矛盾分析的视角

伴随着高新科技的迅猛发展,伴随着"迪斯尼验证"、"麦当劳指数"①的广泛运用,"地球村"悄然现身,"全球化"俨然已经成为时代无冕的标识。既为标识,则无疑是核心,而核心就不免探讨与争论,于是,"反全球化"思潮渐起,组成了全球化交响乐里一组不相和谐的音阶,并日益引起整个国际社会的关注。然而,全球化具有方向和进程两个层次的含义,对应的,"反全球化"现象也就有着两种不同的内涵,一种是反对全球化的方向,另一种则是针对全球化进程中的不足和弊端。对于前一种意义上的"反全球化",因其逆历史潮流而动之本质,啻为谬论,毋庸多言;而对于后一种意义上的"反全球化",鉴于其自身复杂的悖论体质,本文将以矛盾分析的方法加以讨论。②     

Anger in social conflict: Cross-situational comparisons and suggestions for the future

This paper reviews research on the role of anger in conflict. We distinguish between intrapersonal and interpersonal effects of anger, the former referring to the impact of parties’ feelings of anger on their own behavior and the latter referring to the impact of one parties’ anger on the other’s behavior. We further compare the effects of anger across a variety of conflict settings, including negotiation, ultimatum bargaining, prisoner’s dilemma, resource dilemma, and coalition formation. At the intrapersonal level, anger is associated with competition in all conflict settings. In contrast, the interpersonal effects of anger differ across situations, with anger sometimes eliciting cooperation, sometimes eliciting competition, and sometimes having no effect. Based on the research reviewed, we conclude that the interpersonal effects of anger in conflict are determined by the level of interdependence of the parties, their information processing tendencies, and the justifiability of the anger expressions. Preparation of this paper was facilitated by a Veni grant from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO 451–05–010) awarded to Gerben A. Van Kleef.     

The economic effects of a counterinsurgency policy in India: A synthetic control analysis

Using the synthetic control method, we analyze the economic effects of a unique counterinsurgency response to the Naxalite insurgency in India. Of all the states affected by Naxalite violence, only one state, Andhra Pradesh, raised a specially trained and equipped police force in 1989 known as the Greyhounds, dedicated to combating the Naxalite insurgency. Compared to a synthetic control region constructed from states affected by Naxalite violence that did not raise a similar police force, we find that the per capita NSDP of Andhra Pradesh increased significantly over the period 1989–2000. Further, we find that the effects on the manufacturing sector are particularly strong. Placebo tests indicate that these results are credible and various difference-in-difference specifications using state and industry level panel data further corroborate these findings.     

Improving service quality in public transportation systems using automated customer feedback

In this paper the necessity for standardised automated information exchange between travellers and transportation company is evaluated to improve the service quality of public transport. Therefore the needs and expectations of transportation companies and travellers are defined and the usage of a novel approach for bidirectional information and communication systems in public transport is proposed. As a result, application scenarios for the usage of customer information are described and the advantages of this novel approach, especially for dispatching processes, are highlighted. Furthermore, the benefits for customers and transportation companies in regard to service quality are pointed out.     

Performance requirements of future Trajectory Prediction and Conflict Detection and Resolution tools within SESAR and NextGen: Framework for the derivation and discussion

Future Air Traffic Management will increasingly be based on a strategic, collaborative and automated concept of operations. A key prerequisite is the capability to guarantee common situational awareness amongst relevant stakeholders as a function of time, extrapolated into the future in order to strategically optimise safe air traffic flow. This is achieved with Decision Support Tools (DSTs), including Trajectory Prediction (TP) and Conflict Detection and Resolution (CDR) tools. The functions and requirements which these tools must fulfil are dependent upon the application within the concept of operations. In order to optimise the development of the DSTs, it is important to understand the requirements for each of the applications. This paper reviews the key functions of the TP and CDR elements of DSTs in relation to these applications. It discusses the key performance drivers, derives performance metrics and develops a framework for the derivation of TP and CDR performance requirements, to support industry and standardisation bodies in the harmonisation process. A mapping exercise is undertaken to identify which of the functionalities are supported by state-of-the-art TP and CDR tools (in the public domain) and establishes those that require further research and development, highlighting some of the key challenges.