Confronting sustainable development in two rural heritage valorization models

Many rural areas have reinvented their territorial development through tourism, turning to vernacular heritage to ensure their future. Various models of heritage preservation and valorization are adopted where small-scale agriculture is no longer viable. Among them, ecomuseums and place-based labelization schemes transform rural heritage into an economic resource while remaining grounded in cultural and architectural preservation and identity transmission to future generations. Both face criticisms, including being decried as fostering the museumification and mythification of the rural, effectively holding back rural areas in an imagined and romanticized past rather than providing a vision for a sustainable future. The Association of the Most Beautiful Villages of France and the Ecomusée d'Alsace illustrate the debate. This investigation analyzes how these two initiatives challenge critics. It unveils their respective understandings of the future of rurality and their approach to promoting sustainable communities through tourism. By highlighting responses to tensions between valorizing the past and forward development in the countryside, findings reveal paradigm shifts from traditional habitat preservation to future-oriented architectural pedagogy in one case, while operational exigencies and normative quality principles mitigate opportunities in the other.     

遗产责任:概念、特征与研究议题

为回应学术界关于旅游研究范式转型中提出的旅游研究应更关注的公平与权利、道德与责任问题,根据遗产旅游的现实发展需要,研究以国际宪章与法规关于遗产责任的表述为出发点,根据遗产与遗产旅游的本质属性特征,借鉴企业社会责任和负责任旅游的概念界定方式,提出"遗产责任"的学术概念,并根据遗产与遗产旅游的内涵对遗产责任的特征进行了讨论。在此基础上,根据遗产旅游研究的核心问题提出了遗产责任研究的"什么是遗产责任""谁的遗产责任""不同的遗产责任行动对遗产价值再现和遗产旅游可持续发展产生什么影响"3大核心研究议题。     

Off-season tourists and the cultural offer of a mass-tourism destination: The case of Rimini

This paper assesses the potential implications on off-season tourism of enhancing the cultural offer of Rimini, a popular Italian seaside holiday destination hosting about 12 million overnight stays per year. Since more than 9 million of these stays are concentrated in the summer season, in the last 20 years. Rimini has been undergoing a policy of seasonality smoothing, which mainly pivots around business and cultural tourism. This assessment has been carried out through discrete choice experiments submitted to a sample of about 800 tourists who visited Rimini outside the summer months. Since tourism can be viewed as a composite good, which overall utility depends on how the component characteristics are arranged, the choice experiments allow to disentangle the importance and the willingness to pay of tourists for different attributes of the holiday. The choice model incorporates a number of possible changes to actual tourism features (which are also the subject of public debate), including them in hypothetical alternative “holiday packages”. The conditional logit analysis of the choice experiments can highlight any synergy or trade-off between cultural and business tourism. Results suggest that business and leisure tourists share many features related to the use of the territory, while there are important trade-offs between these two groups and cultural tourists. Since business tourists have a higher willingness to extend their stay, a softer budget, and their demand is also complementary to the demand of summer tourists (Brau, Scorcu, & Vici, 2009), from the destination point of view investing in this market segment would be the best option. Although a “second best”, however, cultural tourists share with the local population of Rimini many aspects of the demand of territory (Figini, Castellani, & Vici, 2009). Hence, cultural tourism can play a fundamental role in the intermediate season as a tool for smoothing seasonality, to diversify investments and to give value to the city’s cultural heritage.     

Managing Swiss Hospitality: How cultural antecedents of innovation and customer-oriented value systems can influence performance in the hotel industry

Research into innovativeness and customer orientation in the service industry is burgeoning, yet our understanding of the antecedents and consequences of both activities in hospitality management remain unclear. To address this problem we investigate the link between corporate culture, indicators of innovativeness and business performance in the Swiss hotel industry, because the Swiss have a proclivity toward innovation as well as a long established record in hospitality management. Data were generated from 96 businesses in the hotel industry and the results were analysed using structural equation modeling. They suggest that cultural dimensions are positively associated with customer orientation, innovativeness, and company performance. The implications of the findings are discussed along with limitations and future research directions.     

解说:一种重要的遗产保护策略

遗产保护是一项复杂而系统的工程,不同历史时期面临的主要任务不同。20世纪90年代以来,中国旅游业的高速发展引发了众多问题,如何降低和消除旅游业对遗产资源的负面影响成为当今遗产保护的一项重要工作。解说,作为一种重要的遗产保护策略,有着非常重要的作用。解说能够通过影响游客的知识重组和行为意图,帮助达到旅游可持续发展和遗产资源有效保护的双赢目标。     

基于跨文化冲突的组织管理及协调机制的构建

本文分析探讨了从事跨国经营的企业在经营管理中因文化差异而出现的问题和困难,分析了这种跨文化冲突问题的成因及对企业的影响,从协调理论入手提出通过构建组织管理协调机制解决企业跨文化冲突的设想。     

改革开放以来党的忧患意识传承轨迹

改革开放以来。党的忧患意识经过了三次历史性的跨越,第一次跨越是邓小平对社会主义前途和命运的忧患意识,第二次跨越是江泽民对中国共产党执政地位的忧患意识,第三次跨越是胡锦涛要求全党进一步增强忧患意识。回顾改革开放以来我们党的忧患意识的发展历程,比较系统总结这30年党的忧患意识的传承经验,全面推进党的建设新的伟大工程具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。     

遗产旅游研究进展

近年来,遗产旅游受到旅游业界和学界的广泛关注,起初阶段的遗产旅游研究起源于对遗产资源的开发利用,而近几年的研究更多的是出于遗产开发过程中出现的遗产保护与开发的冲突。国外有关遗产旅游理论和实践的研究成果已经相当丰富,而我国在这方面的研究还相对薄弱,本文从遗产旅游的概念体系、真实性与完整性、保护与开发、遗产解说几个方面对国内外的研究进行综述,以给我国的遗产旅游研究和发展一些启示。     

旅游文学遗产视野下的庐山风景区变迁

丰富的旅游文学作品是庐山世界遗产的重要组成部分,标记了庐山旅游发展变迁的历史信息。庐山旅游文学可划分为魏晋南北朝、隋唐五代、宋元、明清和民国5个发展阶段,清代出现的景点数量最为可观,表明庐山的旅游发展已经进入了较为成熟的阶段。庐山旅游景点的空间位置表现为2种趋势,一是扩散化趋势,由早期的若干点扩散到民国时期的面,由早期的山麓向山顶扩散;二是集聚化趋势,由魏晋南北时的带状分布发展到民国时期的立体格局。     

构筑开放式博物馆——非物质文化遗产保护的规划方法探讨

非物质文化遗产近年来受到多方面的广泛重视,国家和地方纷纷出台各种法规与规范,但在非物质文化遗产保护层面的探讨则较少.本文通过介绍非物质文化遗产和开放式博物馆的概念,提出了保护文化空间的思想,并指出物质文化遗产和非物质文化遗产在空间保护上具有一致性.借鉴国外的保护经验,认为构筑开放式博物馆可以成为非物质文化遗产和物质文化遗产保护最有效的结合点,可以作为一种新的规划技术手段引入到历史地段保护规划之中.最后,对构筑开放式博物馆规划的技术手段进行了探索,提出了一种保护模式.