辽宁省中心城市经济发展差异的实证分析

本文在相关文献评述的基础上,运用绝对差异、相对差异和区位商3种模型,从3个不同的视角对沈阳经济区和辽宁沿海经济带中心城市的经济发展差异进行了分析。研究结果显示:辽宁省中心城市人均GDP的绝对差异在逐年扩大,而相对差异在迅速缩小,多数城市的经济区位商较低。目前,辽宁省中心城市的经济发展差异依然十分显著。政策的着力点应当放在如何进一步实现中心城市经济的均衡、协调发展上。     

县域产业结构空间差异分析——以昆明市为例

利用偏离——份额分析模型对昆明市各县(区)域GDP及第一、二、三产业数据进行分析,结果表明:昆明市各县(区)域具有相似产业结构模式的县(区)域趋于集中;昆明市各县(区)域经济增长中第三产业起到主要推动作用的有盘龙区、官渡区、西山区、宜良县、石林县,第二产业对经济增长起到主要推动作用的有五华区、东川区、安宁市、呈贡县、晋宁县、富民县、嵩明县,第一、第三产业对经济增长起到主要推动作用的有禄劝县、寻句县;昆明市各县(区)域经济发展可分为发展绝对优势区、发展优势区、发展平衡区、发展劣势区4种类型,本文对不同发展类型,提出了发展建议.     

城乡结合部区域农户土地利用行为差异及其政策启示——以沈阳市苏家屯区238户农户调查为例

城乡结合部是中国工业化、城市化进程中形成的独特区域,该区域土地利用问题敏感、复杂且意义重大。从农户土地利用行为角度出发,通过构建工业化、城市化进程中农户土地利用行为差异形成机理分析框架,采用方差分析、统计分析的方法,以辽宁省沈阳市苏家屯区238户农户的调查问卷为基础,对城乡结合部农户土地利用行为变化规律进行研究。结果表明：该区域农户土地利用行为在空间分布上呈现＂反图能圈＂式的种植业布局模式,具有明显的＂非农化＂与＂非粮化＂的特征。其中近郊区农户以＂粮食需求＂为主,主要种植玉米,土地利用程度低,土地投入强度小。远郊区农户以＂粮食需求和利润需求协调＂为主,兼种大田作物和陆地蔬菜,农户土地利用程度较高,土地投入强度较大。纯农村农户以＂利润需求＂为主,主要种植大棚蔬菜和陆地蔬菜,土地利用程度最高,土地投入强度最大。在结论的基础上,提出应该从完善农村社会保障体系、健全农地流转机制、加大农业科技投入力度、优化农业产业的合理布局等方面引导农户合理利用土地资源,实现土地利用效率的提高和土地资源的可持续利用。     

Proposing online game loyalty and its antecedents considering gender as a moderator: a qualitative study

This study discusses the formation of consumer loyalty in the context of online games. Loyalty to a specific online game may be conceptualized in terms of repeat patronage, switching behavior, and word-of-mouth recommendations toward the game. A conceptual model is proposed. In the model, virtual power-status, incentive utility, relational interacting behavior, and feature enhancement indirectly influence loyalty through the mediation of satisfaction and commitment. Gender is proposed to moderate each model path given that individuals with stronger feminine or masculine identities are likely to make repeated consumption on online games based on different game product choices accordingly. Finally, the implications of the proposed model and suggestions for future research are also discussed.     

Gender in international business journals: A review and conceptualization of MNCs as gendered social spaces

The paper reviews 105 contributions published in journals pertinent to the field of International Business (IB) between 1991 and 2014 and details four main conceptualizations of gender: how women are compared against men, how gender is treated as a control variable and a cultural macro variable, and how gender is 'done' in international organizations. The review reveals that positivist epistemological assumptions dominate the IB field and that the current understanding of gender is limited. To advance the research, the paper develops the notion of MNCs as gendered social spaces and explains why the IB field would benefit from a more nuanced understanding and incorporation of gender relations into its analyses and discussions. The paper outlines theoretical and methodological advances associated with the reconceptualization of MNCs as gendered social spaces.     

Insights on women’s labor participation in Gulf Cooperation Council countries

In analyzing the many stereotypes surrounding Arab Middle Eastern women’s employment issues, this article focuses on women’s labor participation and their career development in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. We first unpack the stereotypes by demonstrating the progress of women’s labor participation in the region. We then uncover the critical challenges of a high female unemployment rate during GCC countries’ economic transformation in the non-oil sectors. We discuss the factors contributing to low women’s labor participation and the difficulty of career advancement for women, including (1) norms and traditions; (2) job opportunities and workplace discrimination; and (3) role models, mentors, and networking. Finally, we provide recommendations on how to improve women’s labor participation by involving the public and private sectors, deploying technology, and engaging in multilevel mindset change.     

Testing Retail Marketing-Mix Effects on Patronage: A Meta-Analysis

Retailers have always worked to establish close relationships with customers through the retail marketing mix. Thus, the literature has a long tradition of testing the effects of various instruments on retail patronage. This meta-study synthesizes prior research into one comprehensive framework. We use 14,895 effect sizes reported by more than 239,000 shoppers from 41 countries extracted from 350 independent samples, to test the impact of 24 marketing-mix instruments on retail patronage. Specifically, we investigate the direct and indirect effects of these instruments on store satisfaction, word of mouth, patronage intention, and behavior. Product and brand management related instruments display the strongest effects on most outcome variables, whereas price, communication, service and incentive management instruments affect only selected outcomes. Distribution management turns out to be of secondary importance. However, the effectiveness of these instruments depends on the specific shopping context (food/non-food, shopping frequency, single store/agglomeration, hedonic/utilitarian), the retail environment (gross domestic product, country innovativeness, retail sales share, retail employment, Internet era), and the employed method (participant type, study design, data source). Specifically, we reveal most differences for hedonic shopping environments and developed countries. Also, the store’s advertising and atmosphere have gained importance in the Internet era, while purchase incentives, in-store orientation, and store location have lost relevance. This study contributes to a synoptic understanding of the comparable effectiveness of retail marketing instruments on retail patronage. It offers insights into the effectiveness of marketing-mix instruments and provides guidance on whether and when to invest in them. It also presents an agenda for future research on marketing-mix instruments.     

社会养老对城镇居民家庭养老影响的性别差异分析

基于 2011-2012 年中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查数据(CLHLS),将家庭养老分为经 济供养与生活照料、精神慰藉与居住方式四个方面,实证分析了社会养老对城镇居民家庭养老影 响的性别差异。研究发现,对女性老年人而言,社会养老挤出了老人的经济供养与精神慰藉状况, 并与其居住方式依然属于负向的关系;对男性老年人而言,社会养老会对老人的经济供养和生活 照料有替代效应,而对精神慰藉与居住方式没有起到显著的影响。通过解释机制发现,原因在于 老年家庭决策权力在其中起到了调节效应。研究结论认为在完善社会养老的同时,应在老龄政策 中引入性别差异因素,针对不同性别的城镇老年人提供更加精准化的养老政策措施,协调社会养 老与家庭养老的关系,注重老年赋权的调节效应,切实解决老年人的养老困境。     

外商直接投资对中国对外贸易影响的实证分析

本文以中国和其它24个国家或地区的最近3年的外贸和外资的实际数据为基础,用统计计量学方法对外商直接投资(FDI)和国际贸易关系进行实证研究,定量论证了FDI的贸易促进作用,在此基础上,还对中国与各个国家或地区之间贸易规模差异进行了阐述.     

Collaborative learning in technology education: D&T unit on puppetry in different Indian socio-cultural contexts

The paper reports on the trials of a Design and Technology (D&T) unit carried out in three different Indian contexts with a focus on collaborative learning. Both collaboration and technology education are not common to the Indian school system. As part of a larger project to introduce technology education, suitable for middle school girls and boys in urban and rural areas, three culturally appropriate and gender sensitive D&T units were developed. All the units were tried out with middle school students in different socio-cultural settings: two schools in urban areas (with different languages of teaching and learning) and one in a rural area. This paper presents details of a unit on puppetry which involved making a puppet and staging a puppet-show. Aspects of collaboration within and among groups were observed with respect to: roles played by the members, conflicts and their resolution, sharing of resources, communication and peer review among the students. The trials in the three clusters indicate the potential of this D&T unit to provide collaborative learning situations for the multicultural contexts of Indian classrooms.